The invention discloses a bi-component acrylic ester structure adhesive and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, a monomer, an elastomer, toughening resin, a polyurethane prepolymer, and methacrylic acid are added into a reaction vessel, such that a uniform liquid can be obtained in the reaction vessel; gamma-methacryloyloxy trimethoxy silane, N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine, and a peroxide are added to the liquid; the mixture is stirred, such that a main agent is obtained. When a promoting agent comprises two components, biphenyl-A epoxy resin is added into a reaction vessel; the mixture is stirred under normal temperature; vanadium salt is added, and stirring is continued, such that the promoting agent is prepared. A monomer, toughening resin, an elastomer, and a polyurethane prepolymer are added into a reaction vessel, and are stirred, such that a uniform liquid is obtained; the promoting agent and an inorganic filling material are added to the liquid, and the mixture is stirred, such that a curing agent is obtained. The adhesive is advantaged in fast heating positioning. When the adhesive is mixed, a storage life of the adhesive under normal temperature is long, adhesive application is convenient, and a shear strength is high.