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The invention relates to a method for preparing high-purity anhydrous scandium acetate and high-purity scandium oxide. The method comprises the following steps: (a) adding strong acid into rough scandium oxide, heating to dissolve, and filtering to obtain filtrate I; (2) adding ammonium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate into the filtrate I under a stirring condition at a temperature maintained at 0-100 DEG C, stopping the adding when the pH value is 5-8, washing precipitates, and filtering, so as to obtain scandium carbonate precipitates; (c) adding acetic acid into the precipitates for dissolving, and filtering, so as to obtain filtrate II; (d) heating the filtrate II to a constant temperature of 70-100 DEG C, adding glacial acetic acid after crystals are separated, carrying out constant temperature treatment for 5-30 minutes, immediately filtering the crystals, collecting the crystals, and washing with absolute ethanol; (e) drying, so as to obtain high-purity anhydrous scandium acetate, and firing to obtain high-purity scandium oxide; and (f) firing high-purity anhydrous scandium acetate, or carrying out self-propagating combustion in an oxygen introduction condition, so as to obtain high-purity scandium oxide. The method has the advantages that the operation is simple and convenient, the environmental pollution is low, and the like.