The invention discloses dual-cylinder tabletop-type selective laser melting molding equipment and a dual-cylinder tabletop-type selective laser melting molding method. The dual-cylinder tabletop-type selective laser melting molding equipment comprises a sealed molding chamber, an optical transmission system, a powder spreading device, a molding cylinder and a powder cylinder, wherein a molding platform is arranged on the upper part of the molding cylinder and the powder cylinder; a movable platform is arranged above the molding platform; the molding platform serves as a guide rail of the movable platform, so that the movable platform can move left and right on the molding platform; the molding platform is provided with a powder spreading device and a powder acquiring system; the powder acquiring system comprises a powder acquiring base platform and a powder acquiring barrel, the powder acquiring barrel is arranged on the upper part of the powder acquiring base platform. Aiming at key points of a direct precious metal molding system, namely powder recovering and clearing, the dual-cylinder tabletop-type selective laser melting molding equipment is provided with the powder acquiring structure which can be completely taken out easily, and no powder is remained on the inner corners of the molding cylinder/powder cylinder, so that material wastes in a molding process are reduced, and the dual-cylinder tabletop-type selective laser melting molding equipment can be applied to direct molding of individual parts made of precious metals such as gold, silver and platinum in the bijouterie industry.