The invention discloses a
cobalt-based catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, the
cobalt-based catalyst is obtained by at least taking a
cobalt-based precursor and an organic
nitrogen source as raw materials through in-situ
carbonization treatment; wherein the raw materials of the cobalt-based precursor at least comprise a
cobalt salt, a
zinc salt and an
imidazole organic ligand. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving
cobalt salt and
zinc salt in water to obtain a
metal salt
aqueous solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving an
imidazole organic ligand in water to obtain an
imidazole organic ligand
aqueous solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing a
metal salt
aqueous solution and an imidazole organic ligand aqueous solution, heating, aging, collecting a
solid product, washing and
drying to obtain a catalyst precursor; and mixing the catalyst precursor with an organic
nitrogen source, and carrying out in-situ
carbonization treatment to obtain the catalyst. The cobalt-based catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the
methanol oxidative carbonylation reaction, has good reaction stability, can still keep high
methanol conversion rate and DMC selectivity after being recycled for five times, and has good industrial application potential.