39results about How to "Many surface defects" patented technology

The invention discloses a cobaltosic oxide catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method includes: (a) preparing a cobaltosic oxide nanorod Co3O4-110 with an exposed crystal surface (110); and (b) doping N atom to the surface of Co3O4-110 to obtain the cobaltosic oxide catalyst N-Co3O4-110. The preparation method of the cobaltosic oxide catalyst provided by the invention has easily controllable reaction conditions, can be operated at room temperature, and by changing the nitrogen plasma treatment time, different nitrogen doping amounts and oxygen vacancy content can be obtained. The cobaltosic oxide catalyst obtained by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple and easily available raw materials, and lower cost than platinum, palladium and the like, and simple operation method, and is suitable for industrial application. The cobaltosic oxide catalyst has more surface defects, higher surface oxygen content and highercharge transfer efficiency, and can be used for catalyzing various oxidation reactions.

A preparation method of boron doped graphene comprises the steps of: oxidizing graphite to obtain the graphite oxide; dispersing the graphite oxide in deionized water, conducting ultrasonic treatment for 1-3 h, filtering and drying to obtain the graphene oxide; mixing the graphene oxide with potassium hydroxide, placing the mixture in an inert gas atmosphere, heating to 800-1000 DEG C, insulating for 1-2 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a first mixture; removing oxides of potassium, washing and drying to obtain graphene; mixing the graphene with boron trioxide, placing the mixture in an inert gas atmosphere, heating to 800-1300 DEG C, insulating for 0.5-3 h and cooling to room temperature to obtain a second mixture; and removing residual boron trioxide, washing and drying to obtain boron doped graphene. By adopting the preparation method, boron doped graphene with high boron content can be obtained.

The invention discloses a pressure-resistant sintered brick, and belongs to the field of building materials. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing the blast furnace slag with sulfate solution; freezing and crushing the mixture to improve the dispersibility of the blast furnace slag, wherein SiO2 contained in the blast furnace slag can act with CO2 at high temperature to generate silicon carbide to play a reinforcing role; introducing water vapor, oxidizing the silicon carbide to generate pores for SiO2, alternately improving the structural stability, and improving the pressure resistance; coating, granulating and sintering by using a coating liquid containing potassium permanganate components, wherein the internal metal components can be melted at high temperature to generatemetal oxides, the fluidity of the metal oxides can improve the bonding strength among the internal components, and nano SiO2, nano Al2O3 and nano Fe are used as a substrate layer, the composite bonding material and the gecko-imitating carbon nano-tube structure are manufactured, so that the improvement of pressure resistance is ensured. The pressure-resistant sintered brick solves the problem that the prior sintered brick has poor pressure resistance due to poor balance of the self structure to porosity and internal mechanical property.

The invention relates to a preparation method and an application of an amorphous composite electrode for electrocatalytic dechlorination, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical water treatment. The purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of high load, poor electrode stability and high cost of electrode catalysts for electrocatalytic reduction and dechlorination. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreatment of a matrix; and preparation of the amorphous composite electrode in a three-electrode electrochemical system under constant current conditionsunder the assistance of ultrasonic waves with the pretreated matrix as the working electrode, NaSO4 as the electrolyte and a noble metal salt and a non-noble metal salt containing N, B or P as a reaction liquid. A method for electrocatalytic reduction and dechlorination treatment of chlorinated organic compounds in water is characterized in that the amorphous composite electrode is used as the working electrode, a Pt piece is used as the counter electrode, a saturated calomel electrode is used as the reference electrode, a constant voltage mode is adopted, a H2SO4 solution is adopted as the anodolyte, and NaSO4 is adopted as the catholyte. The amorphous composite electrode prepared in the invention has the advantages of good conductivity, high catalytic activity, low cost and good stability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of building concrete admixtures, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a four-arm anti-permeability compacting agent. The prepared anti-permeability compacting agent is introduced in the concrete stirring process to improve the workability of concrete, improve the slump, increase the early strength of the concrete and increase the anti-permeability compactness of the concrete, the concrete strength can be increased at a low temperature, the freeze-thaw resistance of the concrete is also enhanced, in the concrete processing and using process, an anti-permeability compacting agent which takes a four-arm anti-permeability agent prepared from a silicon dioxide alkali liquor slow release and a silane coupling agent as a main raw material is adopted, capillary pores capable of filling the concrete are introduced, therefore, the hardening of the concrete is accelerated, and the anti-permeability compacting is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a graphene nanowall on a large scale. The method comprises the following steps: (1) putting a quartz boat filled with foamed nickel and ferrocene into aquartz tube heating zone on a reaction gas inflow end, putting a quartz boat provided with a cleaned and dried stainless steel sheet or steel wire gauze into a quartz tube heating zone near a reactiongas outflow end; (2) heating to 1000-1200 DEG C under the normal pressure and the protection of an inert gas, maintaining the atmosphere of the inert gas, introducing hydrogen and a carbon source gasat the volume ratio of (1:6) to (2:3), and reacting for 1 minute to 3 hours; and (3) closing the carbon source gas and the hydrogen, and cooling a reaction furnace to the room temperature at the atmosphere of the inert gas. The ratio of the surface area to the volume of the graphene nanowall is larger, the edge is sharp, a thin layer is transparent, and the surface defects are rich; the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, the control process is controllable, the method has the advantage of more convenience as compared with the synthesis method like PECVD (Plasma Enhanced ChemicalVapor Deposition), and the graphene nanowall is produced on a large scale.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon-coated transition metal nano sulfide electrochemical oxygen catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) taking a 2, 6-diacetylpyridine monomer solution, adding a sulfur-containing amino monomer, performing stirring to realize dissolving, adding acid, performing heating and performing a reaction; (2) performing cooling, adding transition metal-containing inorganic salt for reaction, performing evaporating, drying and grinding; (3) carrying out first thermal cracking, cooling to room temperature, and carrying out acid pickling and drying on an obtained substance; and (4) carrying out second thermal cracking to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon-coated transition metal nano sulfide electrochemical oxygen catalyst. The nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon-coated transition metal nano sulfide electrochemical oxygen catalyst prepared by the invention is composed of transition metal sulfide, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur, has the structural characteristics of highly graphitized carbon layer-coated transition metal sulfide, and also has the advantages of good conductivity, mesoporous and macroporous structure, many surface defects, and high catalytic performance of oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution.

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of porous photocatalytic materials, and particularly provides a preparation method of a porous Bi5O7I material. Specifically, iodized salt and bismuth salt are dissolved in water, pH and nitrate concentration are adjusted, a hydrothermal reaction is performed to obtain an intermediate product A, and the intermediate product A is calcined in an inert atmosphere to obtain a porous Bi5O7I sample. The prepared Bi5O7I sample is obtained in the inert atmosphere, and compared with an eutrophic condition, the Bi5O7I sample is higher in catalytic activity. Pore structures are uniformly distributed on the surface of the prepared material, and the sizes of the pore structures can be adjusted along with change of technological parameters. The prepared porous Bi5O7I material has abundant surface defects, and the photocatalytic performance of the porous Bi5O7I material can be effectively regulated and controlled. The preparation method is easy to adjust, simple to operate, mild in reaction condition and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

The invention provides a titanium dioxide photocatalytic material and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a diluted hydrochloric acid solution of titanium trichloride in absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the volume ratio of the solution to the absolute ethyl alcohol is (1.435-5.74): (30-40), thereby preparing a precursor solution; carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the precursor solution for 5-12 hours to obtain a reaction solution; and cooling the reaction liquid, separating a product, and sequentially cleaning with ethanol and drying to obtain the titanium dioxide photocatalytic material. The TiO2 material has abundant surface defects and a large specific surface area, and the forbidden bandwidth of the material is reduced, so that the light absorption of the material is expanded to a visible region, and the reaction active sites on the surface of the material are increased; the surface defects can capture photo-induced electrons, so that the recombination rate of photo-induced carriers is reduced; thereby, more reaction active species are generated, so that the performance of photocatalytic hydrogen production and removal of NO in air is improved.