The invention discloses a W-Ni-Cu
gradient material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: taking a
molten salt system of NaCl-KCl-NaF-NiO as an Ni leakage source and taking a
copper-plating
aqueous solution as a Cu leakage source; electrically depositing and leaking
nickel on a pure W plate through
molten salt, electrically depositing and leaking Cu through an
aqueous solution; and finally diffusing and annealing to obtain the W-Ni-Cu
gradient material. The material is high in
thermal shock resistance and
thermal fatigue resistance; all the components of the material are combined closely; the material
surface structure is compact and smooth; the material has high electrical
conductivity, high
thermal conductivity and high mechanical performance. The method is capable of simultaneously carrying out mutual
diffusion between W and Ni and carrying out mutual
diffusion between Ni and Cu under the action of an
electric field and a temperature field by using an electric deposition method according to the basic
diffusion theory (the
electric field can accelerate the diffusion of
solid metals, and the diffusion speed of the opposite party can also be mutually improved when carrying out multi-element diffusion in the
solid diffusion); the thickening of gradient
layers can be accelerated; the W-Ni-Cu
gradient material has the characteristics of rapid forming speed of the gradient
layers, short preparation time, randomly controllable thickness of the gradient
layers, compact
surface structure of the material, high
thermal conductivity and simple process.