The invention discloses an N-type single crystal silicon substrate PN junction inversion layer battery, which comprises an N-type single crystal silicon substrate, a front electrode, a rear electrode, a front surface aluminum sesquioxide film and a silicon nitride film, wherein the front electrode comprises a local boron diffusion area, a Ti/Pb film and a front surface metal electrode; and the rear electrode comprises a rear surface metal electrode and a rear surface aluminum sesquioxide film. The invention also discloses a manufacturing method for the N-type single crystal silicon substrate PN junction inversion layer battery. The Al2O3 carries fixed negative charges, a P-type inversion layer is induced on the front surface of the N-type single crystal silicon substrate, and a front electric field is provided; and in the absence of the influence of boron doping, the stability of the battery is improved, meanwhile, the absorption on short wave is reduced, blue light response is improved, the short circuit current density of the battery is improved, and the efficiency of the battery is promoted.