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This invention belongs to the technical fields of optoelectronic devices, spin optoelectronics, and organic-inorganic hybrid semiconductor materials. Specifically, it relates to a circularly polarized electroluminescent device based on a one-dimensional / three-dimensional perovskite heterostructure and its implementation method. The circularly polarized electroluminescent device includes a substrate, a bottom electrode layer, an electron transport layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole transport layer, and a top electrode stacked sequentially. The light-emitting layer is a one-dimensional / three-dimensional perovskite heterostructure formed in situ by chiral one-dimensional perovskite and three-dimensional perovskite. This invention constructs a one-dimensional / three-dimensional perovskite heterostructure within the light-emitting layer, utilizing the chiral properties of the one-dimensional perovskite to induce lattice distortion in adjacent three-dimensional perovskite at the heterostructure interface. This results in intrinsic structural chirality and excited-state chirality in the three-dimensional perovskite light-emitting region, achieving stable circularly polarized electroluminescence without the need for an external magnetic field or spin injection, thus enabling the device to simultaneously achieve high luminous efficiency and good stability.