48results about How to "Increase oxygen vacancies" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-entropy oxide lithium ion battery negative electrode material with high conductivity and a preparation method, a chemical formula of the high-entropy oxide lithium ion battery negative electrode material is (CoCrCuFeNi)3/5O4-delta, and delta is oxygen vacancy concentration; according to the material, reasonable metal elements Co, Cr, Cu, Fe and Ni are selected, and asmall amount of dispersedly distributed high-conductivity metal particles are introduced into a spinel type high-entropy oxide matrix through a solution combustion reaction one-step method; on the other hand, oxygen vacancy of the spinel type high-entropy oxide is improved by controlling the reaction conditions. By introducing high-conductivity dispersed metal particles and oxygen vacancies, theconductivity of the spinel type (CoCrCuFeNi)3/5O4-delta high-entropy oxide lithium ion negative electrode material is improved, so electrochemical performance is improved; by regulating and controlling reaction conditions, lithium ion negative electrode materials with different contents of oxygen vacancies and dispersed conductive metal particles can be prepared, and certain specific use requirements are met.

The invention provides an oxygen-deficient molybdenum oxide/nickel sulfide/foamed nickel electrocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a 0.05-0.1 mol/L molybdenum-containing compound solution, selecting a solvent from a composition of ethanol and water, adding a sulfur-containing compound to make the molar ratio of molybdenum to sulfur be 1:4-1: 6, adding excessive foamed nickel, carrying out a hydrothermal reaction at 135-145 DEG C for 16-24 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the product. According to the preparation method, oxygen-deficient molybdenum oxide is obtained through a one-step hydrothermal method, meanwhile, part of foamed nickel is vulcanized to obtain nickel sulfide with catalytic activity, and the electrocatalytic activity of the electrocatalyst is synergistically improved; and the amorphous MoOx contains oxygen vacancies due to lower reaction temperature, so that the catalytic performance of the hydrogen evolution reaction of the electrocatalyst is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical catalysts, and particularly discloses a potassium-doped MnO2 catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps that a MnO2 precursor is added to a KOH solution, refluxing reaction is carried out, and a product is dried and calcined to obtain the potassium-doped MnO2 catalyst. According to the preparation method, the process is simple, the operation is convenient, potassium permanganate and benzyl alcohol are used as raw materials to prepare a KOH-OMS-2 catalyst with K<+> and -OH simultaneously doped, the catalytic combustion activity of VOCs organic waste gas is increased, and the low temperature treatment efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing tin-nickel alloy of cathode materials of a lithium ion battery by electrolyzing melted salt. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing oxides of tin and nickel, sintering to obtain a sinter cake after slurry-casting or pressing shaping, compounding the sinter cake with a conductive current collector into a cathode, using graphite as an anode, using mixed electrolyte of CaCl2 or CaCl2, NaCl as a melt; controlling electrolysis voltage not to be less than theoretical decomposition voltage of the melted salt, controlling electrolysis temperature at 550-850 DEG C, protecting electrolysis process by inert gases, and preparing the tin-nickel alloy with Sn/Ni atom ratio of 4:3-1:3. The invention has short production process, low energy consumption, little pollution and easy continuous production; and the prepared tin-nickel alloy of the cathode materials of the lithium ion battery has high specific capacity and stable circulation property.

The invention discloses a denitration catalyst with high sulfur resistance and high alkali metal resistance, and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst is prepared by taking tetrabutyl titanate and tetraethyl silicate as carrier precursors, vanadyl sulfate and neodymium nitrate as active component precursors and cerium nitrate and ammonium molybdate as assistant precursors through centrifuging, drying and calcining by adopting a sol-gel process and a coprecipitation process. The prepared denitration catalyst with high sulfur resistance and high alkali metal resistance effectively overcomesthe defects of narrow temperature window, poor alkali metal resistance and poor sulfur resistance of a traditional denitration catalyst. When the temperature is 150-450 DEG C, the air speed is 1000-100000 h<-1>, the SO2 concentration is 0-3000 mg/m<3>, and the K2O concentration of the catalyst is 0-1.5%, the catalyst has an excellent denitration efficiency and an excellent N2 selectivity, and issuitable for nitrogen oxide emission control under flue gas conditions of a coal-fired power plant, a coking plant, a glass kiln, a cement kiln and the like.

The invention provides a denitration and mercury removal catalyst for coal-fired flue gas, a method for preparing denitration and mercury removal catalyst and application thereof. The denitration and mercury removal catalyst comprises a carrier and an active component. The carrier is F-doped titanium dioxide, the active component is V<2>O<5> (vanadium pentoxide), the specific surface area of the catalyst is 60-80 m<2>/g, and the mass of the active component V<2>O<5> is 0.5-5wt.% of the mass 100wt.% of the denitration and mercury removal catalyst; the molar weight of F is 0.5-5at.% of the molar weight of titanium dioxide. The denitration and mercury removal catalyst, the method and the application have the advantages that the method for preparing the denitration and mercury removal catalyst is simple, and the denitration and mercury removal catalyst can be prepared by means of one-step calcination; the denitration and mercury removal catalyst is good in simultaneous removal activity for NO<x> and Hg<0> in the coal-fired flue gas, accordingly, the transformation cost of existing devices can be saved, atmosphere pollution can be reduced, and the denitration and mercury removal catalyst, the method and the application have high industrial application value.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a cerium oxide loaded nickel catalyst. Cerium oxide serves as a carrier and nickel serves as an active component. The method includes: weighing cerium nitrate hexahydrate, nickel nitrate and citric acid, performing stirring, mixing and dissolving in water, then evaporating water to form a gel, and performing drying to obtain solid foam, grinding thesolid foam, performing roasting, and conducting cooling to obtain cerium oxide loaded nickel oxide, and performing reduction to obtain the cerium oxide loaded nickel catalyst. The invention also discloses a preparation method of a rare earth element doped cerium oxide loaded nickel catalyst and application of the two catalysts in hydrogen production from ethanol vapor. The catalysts prepared according to the invention can efficiently convert ethanol under the conditions of high ethanol feed, a low water-carbon ratio and a low reaction temperature, and can achieve stable hydrogen prodution. Thehydrogen production by ethanol steam reforming can achieve efficient hydrogen production under the conditions of low temperature, low water-carbon ratio and high ethanol feed.

The invention discloses a lanthanum-doped copper-manganese composite oxide catalyst and a preparation method thereof. In the XRD diffraction spectrum of the catalyst, a diffraction peak of Cu1.5Mn1.5O4 spinel phase is contained, and no diffraction peaks of La and Mn2O3 are contained; in the XPS Cu 2p spectrum of the catalyst, two peaks at 933.3+/-0.1 eV and 930.5+/-0.1 eV are contained. More reactive oxygen and more active oxygen transport channels are resulted from existence of Cu1.5Mn1.5O4 and weak crystallization of MnOx, and the catalytic performance of the copper-manganese composite oxidecatalyst for VOCs can be improved further through La. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a manganese salt, a copper salt and a lanthanum salt in water, carrying outwater bath for 0.1-1 h with a water bath temperature at 50-70 DEG C; (2) adding an ammonium salt solution to a pH value of 7.5-8.5, and keeping stirring for 1-3 hours; and (3) taking the precipitate,and then performing drying and sintering so as to obtain the lanthanum-doped copper-manganese composite oxide catalyst. The preparation method of the lanthanum-doped copper-manganese composite oxide catalyst has a simple process, easy control and volume production.

The invention discloses a perovskite catalyst and its laser ablation preparation method and application. The preparation method utilizes a sol-gel method and glucose as a complexing agent so that the operation is simple and easy and pH influence is avoided. Rotary evaporator rapid evaporation replaces the conventional long-term constant temperature water bath to remove a solvent, dry gel is prepared through drying in a dry oven, a desired material is obtained by calcining at a high temperature, and through a liquid-phase laser ablation method, the number of reactive oxygen is increased, the concentration of oxygen vacancies on the surface of the oxide is increased, active oxygen vacancies are introduced and the catalytic activity is increased so that the direct oxidation of soot particles under diesel engine operation is realized, the emission of particulate matters is reduced and air pollution is reduced.

The invention belongs to the field of flue gas denitrification, in particular to a kelp-shaped Mn-Fe double-metal oxide loaded CeO2 low-temperature flue gas denitrification catalyst, provides a preparation method of the kelp-shaped Mn-Fe double-metal oxide loaded CeO2 low-temperature flue gas denitrification catalyst, and aims to solve the problems that an existing loaded denitrification catalystis low in selectivity and efficiency, poor in specificity, nonuniform and bad in stability, active components are not easily fixed on catalyst carriers, active windows of the catalyst are narrow in actual use of flue gas pipelines and easily poisoned by SO2 and the like. A wrinkled kelp-shaped Mn-Fe double-metal oxide is prepared by a hot water-calcination method and serves as a carrier, the Mn-Fedouble-metal oxide can also serve as a low-temperature active component, CeO2 particles are loaded on the oxide to improve sulfur resistance, and the catalyst is an environmental-friendly NH3-SCR denitrification catalyst with a great application prospect.

The invention discloses a cyanate ester-based radiation-resistant reinforced conformal coating and a preparation method thereof. The invention belongs to the field of irradiation shielding materials and preparation thereof. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low protection performance and poor film bonding force of the existing irradiation shielding material. The cyanate ester-based radiation-resistant reinforced conformal coating is composed of a rare earth resin film layer and a metal oxide film arranged on the outer surface of the rare earth resin film layer through atomic layer deposition. The rare earth resin film layer is formed from rare earth micro-powder, cyanate ester resin, an accelerant, a coupling agent and polyetherimide through mixing, melting and coating.The preparation method comprises the steps that firstly, cyanate ester resin, an accelerant, a coupling agent, polyetherimide and rare earth micro-powder are mixed and melted and coat the surface ofa tube shell of an electronic component, and segmented curing is performed to obtain a rare earth resin film layer; and secondly, a metal oxide is periodically deposited and grown on the surface of the rare earth resin film layer to obtain the conformal coating. The radiation shielding rate of the conformal coating is as high as 88.5% under electron irradiation with the simulated dose of 100-200 kGy.

The invention relates to the technical field of photocatalyst spray, and discloses photocatalyst spray for air purification, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 to10 parts of I-TiO2, 1 to 5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 5 to 15 parts of polyethylene glycol, 5 to 20 parts of glycerol, 1 to 5 parts of tourmaline powder, 5 to 10 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 1 to 8 parts of nano silver. According to the photocatalyst spray, effects of the spray after iodine doping is superior to that of a pure TiO2 photocatalyst; the main reason is that on one hand, a new energy level can be introduced into a TiO2 energy band gap by an iodine element so that the band gap width of TiO2 is reduced and TiO2 surface properties and effects of enhancing photo-induced electron hole pair separation are achieved; on the other hand, impurity replacement is carried out after iodine enters TiO2 crystal lattices, so that oxygen vacancies and defects of photo-induced electroncenters capable of generating strong-oxidation active particles on the surface of TiO2 are increased, and the active effect of the photocatalyst is enhanced.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a catalyst by deep processing of rare earth tailings and an application of the catalyst and belongs to the technical field of catalysts. The denitrification catalyst with lower cost and better toxicity resistance is prepared from the rare earth tailings, meanwhile, iron material, rare earth and fluorite in the rare earth tailings are recovered, the rare earth tailings are fully utilized, and serious waste of resources and environmental pollution is avoided; the prepared catalyst has strong reducibility and high ratio lattice oxygen of low price metals such as Ce<3+> and Fe<2+>, active sites and oxygen vacancies on the surface are effectively increased, and certain toxicity resistance and mechanical strength are achieved.

The invention provides lanthanum aluminate-doped fuel cell electrolyte and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing hydrated nitrate of lanthanum, hydrated nitrate of aluminum, a doping element A, a doping element B, acetylacetone, isopropyl alcohol and a methylcellulose aqueous solution to prepare a La1-xAxAlyB1-yO3 type compound precursor, coating the surface of a substrate layer with the La1-xAxAlyB1-yO3 type compound precursor to form a thin film precursor, and performing high-temperature sintering to prepare a cubic perovskite type doped lanthanumaluminate thin film, namely obtaining the fuel cell electrolyte. According to the method provided by the invention, an octahedral interstice inside a crystal is enlarged; an interstice conduction channel similar to an apatite structure is formed inside a crystal lattice, and the number of oxygen vacancies is increased by doping, so that the transmission efficiency of electrolyte oxygen ions is effectively improved; the thermodynamic stability is high, and the working temperature is relatively low; meanwhile, the preparation process is simple; the used raw materials are low in cost, so that the anthanum aluminate-doped fuel cell electrolyte is low in energy consumption and low in preparation cost and has a relatively good economical advantage.

The invention discloses a modified hydrodesulfurization catalyst and a preparation method and the application of the modified hydrodesulfurization catalyst. The active component of the catalyst is oneor more of groups of metals cobalt, molybdenum, nickel and tungsten, a carrier is one or more of groups of modified Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2 and MgO, an auxiliary is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal,wherein the modified element is one or more of groups of Pr, Sn, Bi and Sb. The catalyst fully inhibits olefine hydrogenation produced by the side reaction, maintains the octane number, and fully reduces the sulfur content in the catalytic gasoline subjected to hydrodesulfurization.

The invention discloses a monolithic catalyst for preparation of dimethyl carbonate by direct synthesis process, a preparation method and a direct synthesis method of dimethyl carbonate. The catalystis composed of a cerium-based composite oxide coating and a cordierite honeycomb ceramic matrix, ceric ammonium nitrate and lanthanum nitrate are used as the raw materials, urea is adopted as the precipitant, and coprecipitation method is utilized to prepare a composite material, then the obtained composite material and alumina balls are mixed and roasted to form a composite oxide powder catalyst,and finally the prepared composite oxide powder catalyst is coated on the cordierite honeycomb ceramic matrix to form the needed monolithic catalyst. The direct synthesis method of dimethyl carbonateincludes: placing the monolithic catalyst at a steel pipe center of a continuous fixed bed reactor, and then pumping the liquid CH3OH to a preheater through a high-pressure constant-flow pump in a heating environment for gasification and premixing with CO2; controlling the mole ratio of CH3OH to CO2 in the reaction gas at 1-3, and carrying out reaction for 2-6h to obtain dimethyl carbonate. The invention provides the novel catalyst and the preparation method thereof, and the production efficiency can be improved.

The invention relates to a Cl-doped epsilon LiVOPO4 lithium fast ion conductor and a liquid phase preparation method, and the Cl-doped epsilon LiVOPO4 lithium fast ion conductor is characterized in that the stoichiometric formula is LiVO (PO4)1-xCl3x, and x is equal to 0.05-0.10; through Cl-doping, the acting force for conducting lithium ions and a crystal framework is reduced, the conduction activation energy of the lithium ions is greatly reduced, and the activity capability and the conductivity of the lithium ions are improved; in addition, through two calcining processes, the reaction rawmaterials are more uniform, and the purity of the obtained material is higher; the concentration of oxygen vacancies and defects in the material is increased through rapid room-temperature cooling, and conduction of the lithium ions is facilitated; through liquid-phase synthesis, a multi-component auxiliary agent is adopted, so that the uniformity degree of each component of reactants is improved,and a high-purity product can be obtained; and due to the measures, the normal-temperature lithium ion conductivity of the lithium fast ion conductor exceeds 5 * 10 < -4 > S/cm, and the application of the lithium fast ion conductor is facilitated.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly removing low-concentration ammonia nitrogen from polluted river water. The method comprises the following steps: (1) conveying the polluted river water into a mixing tank; adding an oxidant into the mixing tank and continuously stirring and mixing for 60 to 80 seconds; (2) introducing river water to be treated into an ultrasonic strengthening reaction tank; controlling the frequency of ultrasonic waves to 5 to 20KHz, the sound intensity to 0.1 to 1.0W/cm<2> and the hydrolytic retention time to 30 to 60 seconds; (3) conveying output water from the ultrasonic strengthening reaction tank into a rotary reaction tank and continually reacting for 6 to 8 minutes; (4) conveying output water from the rotary reaction tank into an air floatation tank; removing pollutants in the water through an air floatation technology; finally, obtaining clean river water without the ammonia nitrogen. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a combining scheme of breakpoint chlorination oxidization treatment and ultrasonic treatment is adopted, so that the reaction efficiency is improved; the ammonia nitrogen is efficiently removed and the operation cost is saved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an adsorption type piezoelectric photocatalytic composite fiber material. The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: 1, preparing BN nano short fibers; 2, preparing a BN/BNBT piezoelectric fiber membrane precursor based on the product obtained in the step 1; 3, performing multi-atmosphere step-by-step calcination on the product obtained in the step 2 to obtain a BN/BNBT piezoelectric fiber membrane; 4, preparing a BN/BNBT/Ag piezoelectric photocatalytic composite fiber membrane based on the product obtained in the step 3; and 5, carrying out secondary calcination treatment on the product obtained in the step 4 to obtain the product. According to the invention, the problems that an existing photocatalytic material is poor in adsorption performance and high in carrier recombination efficiency are solved.

The invention discloses a ternary NiO nanosheet@bimetallic CeCuOx microchip core-shell structure composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. CeCuOx has a large specificsurface area and good stability, nickel oxide nanosheets are grown on the surface of the CeCuOx through low-temperature hydrothermal and heat treatment methods, and the NiO/CeCuOx core-shell structure composite material catalyst is prepared. Compared with single metal oxide copper oxide and cerium oxide, the bimetallic CeCuOx microchip prepared by the method shows excellent performance on catalysis of toluene; the catalytic activity is effectively improved by further growing the nickel oxide nanosheets with different concentrations, and the 3Ni/CeCuOx catalyst can realize complete catalysis of toluene at 210 DEG C. Under the condition that precious metal is not used, complete catalytic oxidation of low-concentration methylbenzene at the low temperature is achieved through efficient combination of ternary transition metal, so that the cost is greatly saved; and the material has great research significance and certain application prospects for actually solving the problem of methylbenzene pollution gas in the air environment.

The invention relates to the field of preparation of liquid fuel and chemical products by catalytic conversion of biomass, and discloses preparation and an application of a composite metal oxide catalyst. The catalyst is obtained by the following preparation method: introducing a template agent suspension consisting of sodium alginate and cellulose nanoparticles into a mixed solution of cerium chloride and manganese chloride, forming gel microspheres by an intercalation self-assembly method, and calcining and oxidizing the gel microspheres to form the final catalyst. The catalyst prepared by the method has high selectivity and high yield for ketonization of various biomass pyrolysis products, is cheap and efficient, and is suitable for large-scale production.