106results about How to "Increase reaction pressure" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for preparing alpha-isophorone, which comprises the following steps: pressurizing a mixture of acetone and recycled acetone to 8.0-20.0MPa under the condition of continuous steady state operation and preheating to 280 DEG C-320 DEG C; then mixing the mixture with 10 percent of NaOH solution or 10 percent of KOH solution pressurized to the same pressure; carrying out super-critical reaction for 1-3 min in a pipe type reaction vessel; decompressing the reaction liquid to 3.0-4.0MPa and entering a flashing steam tower; obtaining the recycled acetone mixture from the top of the tower; leading tower kettle liquid to enter a hydrolyzing tower to hydrolyze polymers (C12 and C15); continuously extracting hydrolyzed reaction liquid from a tower kettle of the hydrolyzing tower, cooling, decompressing to normal pressure and layering in a layering device to obtain an alpha-isophorone rough product layer and a byproduct water layer. The method for synthesizing the alpha-isophorone has short needed reaction time, few byproducts and high reaction yield and is suitable for industrialized production.

The invention provides a high temperature high pressure synthesis method for polycarbosilane which comprises the steps of, (1) loading small molecular PCS or LPS whose PDMS or average molecular weight is less than 2000 into hot pressing kettle, evacuating and replacing gas in the kettle with high purity nitrogen, charging 0.1-5Mpa of N2 and sealing, elevating the temperature to 430-490 deg. C, reacting time being 0.5-10 hours, (3) dissolving the crude product with xylene, filtering, and proceeding vacuum distillation to the filter liquor at 330-380 deg. C, finally cooling down to obtain the resin form product.

A process for preparing amino phenylmether from nitro phenylmether mixture by catalytic hydrogenating includes such steps as catalytic hydroreducing reaction between methanol, nitro phenylmether mixture and catalyst, recovering catalyst, decoloring, removing impurities, filtering to obtain liquid phase (the solution of amino phenylmether, methanol and water), separation and refining.

A stacked photovoltaic device which includes a first photovoltaic unit having an amorphous silicon layer 8 as a photoelectric conversion layer, and a second photovoltaic unit having a microcrystalline silicon layer 5 as a photo-electric conversion layer and succeeding backwardly from the first photovoltaic unit closer to a light incidence plane. The microcrystalline silicon layer 5 serving as the photoelectric conversion layer in the second photovoltaic unit has a ratio α₂(=I(Si—O)/I(Si—H)) greater than a ratio α₁(=I(Si—O)/I(Si—H)) of the amorphous silicon layer 8 serving as the photoelectric conversion layer in the first photovoltaic unit, where I(Si—O) is a peak area for the Si—O stretching mode of each silicon layer and I(Si—H) is a peak area for the Si—H stretching mode of each silicon layer when the amorphous and microcrystalline silicon layers 8 and 5 are measured by infrared absorption spectroscopy. Also, a short-circuit current Isc₂ of the second photovoltaic unit is greater than a short-circuit current Isc₁ of the first photovoltaic unit.

The present invention provides a separator for a fuel cell constructed using a metallic pressed plate, in which a gas channel from a manifold to an electrode surface is formed simply, and a good sealing characteristic is realized. The separator is comprised of a metallic pressed plate, a resinous frame member, and a sealing frame having a sealing material integrated therewith, and a channel for introducing a gas from the manifold to an electrode surface is formed by a metallic surface, the sealing material and a resinous surface. An elastomer such as a rubber is used for the sealing material. Thus, the gas channel from the manifold to the electrode surface can be formed simply, and an excellent sealing characteristic to the gas and water is obtained.

A high-quality protective film for a dry film resist is provided. A film of a polyethylene is used as the protective film, the polyethylene being prepared by pressurizing ethylene with use of an ultra-high pressure compressor and then polymerizing the ethylene at a reaction temperature of 190° to 300° C. and a reaction pressure of not lower than 167 MPa in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator, or by pressuring ethylene with use of an ultra-high pressure compressor and then polymerizing the ethylene at a reaction temperature of 190° to 300° C. in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator while allowing a radical polymerization inhibitor to be present in the reaction system.

The invention discloses a method for synthesis of pentafluoropropionyl fluoride by using hexafluoropropylene oxide as a raw materisl. Under the effect of a catalyst, hexafluoropropylene oxide is subjected to isomerization reaction to synthesize pentafluoropropionyl fluoride. The catalyst comprises a main catalyst and a co-catalyst, wherein the main catalyst is organic amine compounds, five-or six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycles or six-membered fused ring aromatic compounds; the co-catalyst is an alkali metal fluoride; and the quality ratio of the main catalyst to the co-catalyst is 100:1 to 5:1. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of mild preparation process, simple operations and high yield of synthesized pentafluoropropionyl fluoride. The prepared pentafluoropropionyl fluoride is suitable for preparing fluorine alkyl group-containing vinyl ethers and perfluoro-propionyl peroxides.

The invention relates to a regeneration method for an isodewaxing catalyst. The isodewaxing catalyst is a precious metal/molecular sieve catalyst. The regeneration method is characterized by comprising the following steps: placing a deactivated catalyst into a reactor; and successively subjecting the deactivated catalyst to washing with cleaning oil, purging with inert gas, hydroconversion and hydrogenolysis, oxygen oxidation and hydrogen reduction so as to restore the activity of the catalyst. Different from conventional out-of-reactor regeneration methods, the method provided by the invention removes toxic matters and impurities on the surface and in the pore channels of the catalyst in the reactor through physical processes like on-line solvent cleaning and purging with inert gas such as nitrogen and chemical processeslike hydroconversion, hydrogenolysis and low-temperature oxidation without dismounting of the catalyst, so the method avoids dismounting and filling of catalyst duringout-of-reactor regeneration, degradation of noble metals due to high-temperature oxidation during out-of-reactor regeneration and deposition of sulfate converted from sulfur species on the surface ofthe catalyst during high-temperature oxidation of the sulfur species, and can effectively extend the service life of the catalyst.

The invention discloses a production method of silicon and germanium materials. The equipment used in the invention is a device for growing SiGe material with SiH4 as the gas source RPCVD, and replacing silicon hydride with SiH2Cl2 as the gas source so as to grow silicon and germanium extended material with the pressure-reduction chemical gas-phase sedimentation method. Gases used in the growth include H2, N2, SiH2Cl2, GeH4, PH3, and B2H6, growth temperature 700-900 DEG C, and working pressure 60-100Torr. Since the exhausted gas generated in the production process of the invention does not contain silicon hydride, the gas can be treated in water with the hydrolytic method directly. Therefore, structure of the exhausted gas processor of production equipment can be extremely simple, and cost of exhaust gas treatment can be low relatively.

This invention discloses a preparation method for concentrated ammonium nitrate solution, which is characterized by (1) enhancing atomization at the nitric acid inlet by tubular reactor and increasing reaction rate and efficiency, (2) controlling reactor pressure higher than saturated vapor pressure according to different water conternt in nitric acid, therefore producing no secondary steam, avoiding drop formation from flash separation after reaction, and reducing investment cost markedly, and (3) totally taking advantage of reaction heat to prepare 96-99.7% ammonium nitrate according different requirements under different reaction temperature and different cycle temperature differences of ammonium nitrate and different vacuum degree, wherein the reaction heat is from vacuum-flash ammonium nitrate solution heated by 180-185DEG C ammonium nitrate with lower concentration. The invention is specifically applicable for high concentration nitric acid as raw material and preparation of high density ammonium nitrate.

The invention provides a process for preparing a titanium dioxide mesoporous nano-belt material by a solvothermal method. The process is characterized in that safe, nontoxic and cheap industrial titanium dioxide P25, a strong caustic soda aqueous solution and absolute ethyl alcohol are taken as raw materials, and then crystal structure dissociation and recombination are carried out in a concentrated alkaline environment by virtue of the P25 so as to finally obtain the titanium dioxide nano-belt. In the process, by adopting the low-boiling absolute ethyl alcohol, the needed reaction temperature is lowered, the reaction pressure is increased, the reaction time is effectively shortened and the energy consumption is reduced; and a mesopore is formed by an ion exchange technique. For the titanium dioxide mesoporous nano-belt material obtained by the process, the width is dozens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, the length is a few micrometers, and the mesoporous diameter is 4.6-4.8 nanometers; and the titanium dioxide mesoporous nano-belt material can be applied to fields such as solar batteries, hydrogen production based on water splitting, semiconductor components, photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, optical coatings and the like.

A hydrodesulfurization method of coking benzene is provided. A preparation process of a hydrodesulfurization catalyst used in a hydrodesulfurization reaction includes: respectively dipping an aluminium oxide-titanium dioxide mixed power carrier into solutions containing active metal elements comprising molybdenum, nickel, cobalt and tungsten, with the solutions containing citric acid; dipping a NaZSM-5 molecular sieve into a solution containing copper and/or zinc; drying; calcinating; mixing the dipped aluminium oxide-titanium dioxide mixed power carrier and the dipped NaZSM-5 molecular sieve; processing the coking benzene by a rectifying tower before hydrodesulfurization; and performing pre-hydrogenation, main hydrogenation and removal of inorganic sulfur to finish sulfur removal. The NaZSM-5 molecular sieve loaded with an active component has an effect of selective adsorption for thiophene. The aluminium oxide-titanium dioxide mixed power carrier loaded with the active metals has good catalytic hydrogenation effects for the thiophene. By cooperation of the NaZSM-5 molecular sieve loaded with the active component and the aluminium oxide-titanium dioxide mixed power carrier loaded with the active metals, good removing effects can be achieved even at a low reaction temperature. The citric acid promotes formation of an active phase, improves hydrogenation activity of the catalyst and prolongs maintaining time of the activity of the catalyst.

The invention relates to a high-efficiency hydrogenation device and a dinitrotoluene hydrogenating method. Three hydrogenation reactors are connected in parallel and are all connected with a hydrogenation aging machine in series; the bottom part of an inclined grid plate separator (7) is connected with the bottom parts of the three hydrogenation reactors in parallel, and the top part of the inclined grid plate separator (7) is connected with a steam-liquid separator tank which is connected with inclined grid plate separators (8) and (9) in parallel; the top parts of the inclined grid plate separators are connected with a tolylenediamine finished product tank in parallel, and the bottom parts of the inclined grid plate separators are connected with a catalyst recovery tank in parallel; andthe bottom part of the catalyst recovery tank is connected with the top parts of the three hydrogenation reactors in parallel through a diaphragm pump. In the invention, the size of the hydrogenationreactors are reduced considerably, the power of a stirring motor is lowered, and the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the device are realized.

The invention discloses a cosynthesis device and method of hexanol, cyclohexanone and adipic acid in microchannels. The method comprises the steps of mixing and preheating cyclohexane and oxygen or air by a gas-liquid micro mixer, entering a micro reaction tube in an air thermostat, and reacting, wherein the cyclohexane flow is controlled by a laminar flow pump, the oxygen or air flow is controlled by a mass flow controller, the cyclohexane flow and the oxygen or air flow are kept at a certain ratio, and the reaction pressure is controlled by a back pressure valve; and separating the reaction product by a gas-liquid micro separator, collecting the liquid-phase product by a storage tank, and discharging the gas phase. According to the invention, continuous production of cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone and adipic acid is realized; because the gas-liquid micro mixer, the micro reaction tube, and the gas-liquid micro separator are adopted, the specific surface area of the fluid passing through the channels is large, heat transfer effect of mixing, reaction, separation and other processes is good, pure oxygen and air can be used as an oxidant in the reaction, operation can be carried out at higher reaction pressure and reaction temperature, the reaction safety is greatly improved, and the selectivity and conversion rate are greatly improved.

The invention is a catalyst used in the producing of unsaturated nitriles by the ammonoxidation of olefin, in particular to a catalyst adaptable for the producing of acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile by the ammonoxidation of propylene and butylenes. A general formula of the active component of the catalyst is a complex of catalytic oxidation of BiaFebNicMgdLaeC1gAlhAiBjCkMo12Ox, wherein the A isone element or a compound of more than two elements of lithium, potassium, rubidium and caesium, the B is one element or a compound of more than two elements of cerium, gadolinium and samarium, and the C is one element or a compound of more than two elements of zinc, manganese, cobalt, calcium, copper, wolfram and phosphorus. The catalyst is capable of producing unsaturated nitriles of which theyield rate reaches to 84% or higher under the condition of high catalyst load, high reaction pressure, low reaction temperature, low ratio of air and olefin and low ratio of ammonia and olefin, and with the adoption of the catalyst, the catalyst is capable of long-term operation under the condition of low reaction temperature, and the catalyst has long service life. Further, reaction products havea small amount of impurity substances, and the catalyst is environment friendly.

The invention provides a nano energy-containing material prepared by functional graphene and a method thereof. The method is characterized in that a halogenation agent and graphene oxide are subjected to electrophilic addition to generate halogenated graphite, then an energy-containing compound is grafted to graphene through a substitution reaction, the functional energy-containing graphene can be formed, then nano aluminum and nano metal oxide are arranged on the energy-containing graphene through a self assembly method, so that high-performance ternary energy-containing material can be prepared. The energy-containing material increases the ordering performance of a mixture in the nano thermite component and can reduce the agglomeration of the nano particles at certain degree, the energy-containing compound grafted on the graphene contains lots of energy-containing groups such as nitro-group, and the energy-containing material has important promotion effect for increasing the heat released by the nano thermite and increasing the reactive properties.

The present invention relates to a biphasic process for the epoxidation of an organic compound by organic compound by organic hydroperoxide. More particularly, the present invention relates to a biphasic process for the epoxidation of an organic compound by organic hydroperoxide to the corresponding epoxide, using chromate or dichromate anions as the catalyst in aqueous medium.

The present invention provides a process for producing lower olefins. The technical problem mainly addressed in the present invention is to overcome the defects presented in the prior art including high reaction pressure, high reaction temperature, low yield and selectivity of lower olefins as the target products, poor stability and short life of catalyst, and limited suitable feedstocks. The present process, which is carried out under the conditions of catalytic cracking olefins and adopts as a feedstock an olefins-enriched mixture containing one or more C4 or higher olefins and optionally an organic oxygenate compound, comprises the steps of: a) letting the feedstock contact with a crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst having a SiO₂/Al₂O₃ molar ratio of at least 10, to thereby produce a reaction effluent containing lower olefins; and b) separating lower olefins from the reaction effluent; wherein, the reaction pressure is from −0.1 MPa to <0 MPa. The present process, which desirably solves the above technical problem, can be used in industrial production of lower olefins.

The invention discloses a method for preparing benzalacetone under the supercritical condition. According to the conventional synthetic method, reaction is realized by an autoclave, and is intermittent, low in space time yield of the reaction and high in energy consumption. According to the method, the benzalacetone is prepared by performing the one-step condensation reaction of benzaldehyde and acetone which serve as raw materials under the supercritical condition, wherein the conversion rate of the benzaldehyde is over 99 percent, and the reaction yield of the benzaldehyde is over 92 percent. According to method, other solvents and acid or base catalysts are not needed to be added, the residual acetone can be recycled directly, so the method has the advantages of environment friendliness, no pollution, high selectivity and the like.

The invention provides a synthesis method of thiodicarb, and the method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a ligand, and synthesizing thiodicarb. According to the invention, trialkyl tertiaryamine is used as a catalyst for synthesis of thiodicarb, and during synthesis of thiodicarb, the reaction pressure is increased, and the industrial synthesis reaction time is shortened to 5 hours; inthe thiodicarb synthesis process, the temperature is controlled in three stages, the reaction temperature is controlled at 10-15 DEG C for 1-1.5 hours, the reaction temperature is controlled at 20-25DEG C for 1-1.5 hours, the reaction temperature is controlled at 30-35 DEG C for 1-2 hours, and gradient heating is adopted, so the defect of multiple side reactions caused by always reacting at a relatively high temperature is avoided.

The invention relates to a melt/solid state polycondensation preparation method for polylactic acid, which mainly solves the problems of long reaction time, difficult continuous production or high cost in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) performing a dehydration oligomerization reaction of lactic acid at the temperature of between 100 and 160 DEG C under the absolute pressure of between 6,000 and 25,000 Pa and under the action of a catalyst A for 0.5 to 5 hours first, and continuing the ehydration oligomerization reaction at the temperature of between of 120 and 180 DEG C under the absolute pressure of between 200 and 1,500 Pa and under the action of the catalyst A for 0.5 to 5 hours to generate a product I; 2) performing a melt polycondensation reaction of the product I at the reaction temperature of between 150 and 200 DEG C under the absolute pressure of between 30 and 600 Pa and under the action of a catalyst B for 0.5 to 15 hours to generate a polylactic acid prepolymer and lactide serving as a by-product, and refluxing the lactide to a reaction mixture at the reflux temperature of between 70 and 95 DEG C; 3) pelletizing the polylactic acid prepolymer obtained in the step 2), and crystallizing in an inertia airflow at the temperature of between 50 and 130 DEG C for 0.5 to 10 hours; and 4) performing a solid state polycondensation reaction of the polylactic acid prepolymer processed in the step 3) in the inertia airflow at the temperature of between 120 and 170 DEG C for 5 to 40 hours to obtain the polylactic acid. The technical scheme of the invention better solves the problem, and can be used for the industrial production of the polylactic acid.