140results about How to "Increase the rate of hydrogen production" patented technology

Belonging to the technical field of chemistry, chemical industry and material science, the invention discloses a preparation method and application of a non-noble metal monoatomic catalyst. The invention adopts cheap raw materials and simple method to prepare the monoatomic catalyst. In essence, under a lighting condition, a metal is anchored on a light absorption carrier in a monatomic state formto generate the monoatomic catalyst. The invention for the first time utilizes a photochemical synthesis route to prepare the transition metal monoatomic catalyst. The monoatomic catalyst synthesizedby method provided by the invention is dispersed on the surface of an optical active substance. Nickel single atom is adopted as the cocatalyst for photocatalytic decomposition of water to hydrogen,the price is low, and the catalytic efficiency is greatly improved. Compared with other types of non-noble metal modified composite photocatalysts, the non-noble metal monoatomic catalyst has higher photocatalytic activity.

The invention belongs to the technical field of microbe electrochemistry and aims to provide a method for producing hydrogen by alkalescent microbe electrolysis. The method comprises steps of: (1) starting an electrolytic bath under a microbiological fuel cell mode: accessing a resistor in a closed-loop of a system and replacing a solution in the electrolytic bath when a voltage is low; continuing to replace until voltages at two ends of the resistor are higher than 500mV to finish anode starting; (2) producing hydrogen under a microbe electrolytic bath mode: replacing a cathode in the started electrolytic bath with stainless steel net or foamed nickel, keeping solution in the whole electrolytic bath in a anaerobic state and applying 0.4-0.8 V voltage at two ends of the cathode and the anode by using direct-current power supply and realizing hydrogen production of the electrolytic bath at 20-35 DEG C. The invention can effectively inhibit generation of methane, realize long time continuous operation or multiple batch operation and generate gas with low methane content; the method has a low cost and can obtain high hydrogen generation rate; utilization rate of organic matter under an alkalescent environment is increased, and hydrogen generation stability of the system is increased.

The invention discloses a Co-B/NGO composite nanometer material. The Co-B/NGO composite nanometer material is prepared by firstly performing in-site reduction on nitrogen-doped graphene and inorganiccobalt salt through sodium borohydride and then performing freezing-drying, the specific area is 40-100 m<2>g<-1>; the material is magnetic, and can be attracted by a magnet. When the composite nanometer material is used as a catalyst for hydroboron hydrogen generation by hydrolysis, the hydrogen desorption rate is 500-1700mL/min<-1>g<-1>, and the hydrogen production rate is 100%; the material canbe adsorbed and recycled by the magnet, the recycling rate reaches 99.5%, and the hydrogen production rate after being circulated is maintained at 100-1530mL min<-1>g<-1>, namely, maintaining 50-85%of the initial hydrogen production rate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) precursor preparation: adding nitrogen-doped graphene and inorganic cobalt salt in an aqueous solutionfor ultrasonic dispersion mixing, reducing by using sodium borohydride, and finally centrifuging and washing to obtain a precursor; 2) preparation of the Co-B/NGO composite nanometer material: freeze-drying the precursor to obtain the Co-B/NGO composite nanometer material. The Co-B/NGO composite nanometer material disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation, has more excellent catalysis performance, and has an extensive application prospect in the application field of the hydroboron hydrogen generation by hydrolysis.

The invention discloses an electrocatalytic material loaded with vanadium-cobalt alloy nanoparticles and a preparation method of the electrocatalytic material, and belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation. The carbon nanofiber-supported vanadium-cobalt alloy nanoparticle catalytic material for water electrolysis is prepared by loading a vanadium source and a cobalt source onto an ultrafine fiber carbon precursor by utilizing an electrospinning method, performing pre-oxidation, and performing reduction; and the catalytic material for the water electrolysis is composed ofreaction active matter and a carrier, wherein the reaction active matter is a vanadium-cobalt alloy nanoparticles, and the carrier is a carbon nanofiber material prepared by the electrospinning method. The catalytic material for the water electrolysis prepared by the method has a high specific surface area, thereby facilitating electrolyte diffusion and gas desorption; hydrogen evolution can be performed under acidic and alkaline conditions, and the hydrogen production speed under large voltage is much higher than that of a commercial Pt/C electrode; and in addition, the catalytic material for the water electrolysis prepared by the method does not need to coat an electrode, and can be directly used as an electrode for electrolyzing water.

The invention relates to a method for preparing yttrium-doped copper ferrite- copper cobalt composite photocatalyst, comprising: adding ferric nitrate, cobalt nitrate and yttrium nitrate into copper nitrate solution, and obtaining a mixed cuprate solution; under the agitation in water bath, dripping citric acid solution into the newly prepared mixed cuprate solution to obtain transparent colloidal sol; continuously heating the transparent colloidal sol in the water bath to obtain gel; transferring the gel into a drying oven and drying at a certain temperature to obtain precursor, and obtaining the yttrium-doped copper ferrite- copper cobalt composite photocatalyst by calcination. The photocatalyst has the best mole ratio of 1: 1 between Fe and Co and the best yttrium-doped quantity being 4% (mole percentage) of Fe, and is good in photocatalysis hydrogen production activity under visible light. The photocatalyst has good application prospect in the aspect of hydrogen production of visible light catalytic material, simple technique, convenient operation, lower cost and long service life.

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the current problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis, and create a simple method to prepare an amorphous cobalt phosphide/cadmium sulfide nanorod composite catalyst, thereby reducing the cost of the photocatalyst and increasing the hydrogen production rate of photocatalytic decomposition of water. The preparation method of the composite catalyst is green and environment-friendly, and the prepared composite catalyst has a long service life and still has high catalytic activity after 25 hours. The amorphous cobalt phosphide/cadmium sulfide nanorod composite catalyst prepared by the present invention has a simple synthesis method, high photocatalytic hydrogen production rate, good stability and low price, and can greatly save costs when applied in industrial production. A new type of catalytic material with great industrial photocatalytic hydrogen production prospects.

The invention relates to a method for preparing platinum-supported and yttrium-doped strontium zirconate-titanium dioxide composite photocatalyst, comprising: (1) adding sodium oxalate solution into zirconium oxychloride, and obtaining Na2 ZrO (C2O4)2 solution; mixing Sr(NO3)2 solution and the Na2 ZrO (C2O4)2 solution, obtaining white precipitate, filtering, washing, drying and calcining the precipitate, and obtaining the strontium zirconate; (2) fully grinding yttrium oxide and the strontium zirconate, tabletting and calcining to obtain yttrium-doped strontium zirconate; (3) mixing the yttrium-doped strontium zirconate and TiO2, and sintering to obtain composite catalyst; (4) dispersing the product in methanol solution containing chloroplatinic acid to be processed by ultrasound and agitation and directly irradiated by a high-pressure mercury lamp under the nitrogen atmosphere; filtering, washing and calcining the product, and obtaining the finished product; the catalyst has good hydrogen production activity under visible light. The photocatalyst has good application prospect in the aspect of hydrogen production of visible light catalytic material, simple technique, convenient operation, lower cost and long service life.

A tantalate photocatalytic material and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to a preparation method of a photocatalytic material. The present invention aims to solve a technical problem that an existing hydrothermal preparation method of tantalate photocatalytic material has long synthesis time, low activity and weak stability. The method comprises steps of: 1. mixing and grinding NaCl and KCl to obtain a eutectic fused salt powder; 2. mixing and grinding Na2CO3, K2CO3 and Ta2O5 to obtain a raw material powder; 3. evenly mixing the raw material powder and the eutectic fused salt powder to obtain a mixed powder; 4. calcining the mixed powder at a temperature of 700-850 DEG C for 1-4 hours, and washing and drying the products to obtain the tantalate photocatalytic material. The tantalate photocatalytic material of the present invention can reach hydrogen production rate up to 5-8 mmol / h and activity attenuation less than 3% after 20 h reaction and can be used in fields of hydrogen production by photocatalytic water splitting and water treatment.

The invention discloses a self-heating type reactor used for hydrogen production by reforming and filled with a high-temperature phase-change material. The self-heating type reactor used for hydrogen production by reforming is formed by sequentially laminating an upper cover plate provided with a methanol steam reforming reactant inlet pipe and a methanol catalytic combustion reactant inlet pipe on the upper surface, a graphite washer, an upper evaporation plate, a graphite washer, a lower evaporation plate, a graphite washer, a methanol reforming heat absorbing plate for hydrogen production filled with the high-temperature phase-change material on the lower surface, a sealing plate, a graphite washer, a methanol catalytic combustion plate filled with the high-temperature phase-change material on the lower surface, a graphite washer and a lower cover plate provided with a reformed gas outlet pipe and a combustion tail gas outlet pipe on the lower surface from top to bottom. The heat stability of a self-heating reactor is effectively improved by means of latent heat of phase change of the high-temperature phase-change material, the temperature gradient in the reactor and the temperature fluctuation of the reactor during working are reduced, catalyst activity reduction and peeling caused by overheating of the reactor are inhibited, and the heat efficiency and the methanol conversion rate of the reactor are improved.

The invention discloses a phosphorus-containing compound, and a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the fields of material science and technology and chemistry. The phosphorus-containing compound is prepared from cheap raw materials through the simple method; the method is essentially characterized in that the compound is prepared from metal ions and a phosphorus source under the illumination condition of a photoactive material; and the temperature in the prior art is more than 100 DEG C, and the method in the invention is a normal temperature synthesis process, so the obtained compound has a weak crystallization degree. The phosphorus-containing compound has a high photocatalytic activity as a conventional catalyst and a photocatalytic reaction cocatalyst, and achieves a high hydrogen production rate for a photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction. The method and the phosphorus-containing compound can be used for producing an electrode and producing a battery, so the production cost of the electrode and the battery is reduced, the preparation method is simplified, and the obtained electrode is a non-noble metal catalyst, and has the advantages of low cost, low overpotential, high stability and certain industrial application values.

The invention provides application of molybdenum phosphide to catalytic hydrogen generation in an alkaline formaldehyde solution. Catalytic reaction conditions are as follows: reaction is carried out at room temperature under a heating condition; the concentration of sodium hydroxide in a formaldehyde water solution is 0.01mol.L<-1> to 10mol.L<-1>, and the concentration of the formaldehyde solution is 0.1mol.L<-1> to 3mol.L<-1>; the dosage of a molybdenum phosphide catalyst in 100mL of the formaldehyde solution is 5mg to 30mg. According to the application provided by the invention, hydrogen prepared under an inert gas atmosphere can be directly used for a fuel cell, and oxygen does not need to be separated. The catalytic hydrogen generation in alkaline formaldehyde solution can be effectively performed at the room temperature and under the heating condition, and a hydrogen source is provided for a fuel cell. Under the room temperature, the rate of catalytic hydrogen generation in alkaline formaldehyde solution through the molybdenum phosphide reaches 150mL.min<-1>.g<-1>, is two times that of catalytic formaldehyde hydrogen generation through noble metal Pd, and is 7 times that of catalytic formaldehyde hydrogen generation through metal Cu. Under the heating condition, the rate of catalytic formaldehyde hydrogen generation by molybdenum phosphide can be increased exponentially.

The invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen gas through improving anaerobic fermentation of sludge by adding potassium permanganate (a typical oxidant). The specific method comprises thesteps: (1) subjecting primary sludge and surplus sludge generated from an urban sewage treatment plant to free settling treatment, removing supernatant, and carrying out concentrating, so as to obtainfermented feedstocks; (2) adding potassium permanganate into the obtained fermented feedstocks, and carrying out treatment under anaerobic conditions, thereby producing hydrogen gas. After the sludgeis treated with potassium permanganate, lysing of the sludge is promoted, organics such as proteins and saccharides can be extensively digested, and the activity of hydrogen-addicted methane producing microbes is seriously limited, so that the volume of hydrogen gas generated by the sludge can be greatly promoted. Through simple, cheap and effective operations, the decrement of the sludge is achieved, the resource-converting utilization of the sludge is further promoted, and the method has an important significance in treatment and disposal of the sludge.

The invention discloses a continuous-flow and ultrasonic-wave light biological hydrogen producing reactor comprising a light source, a transparent tank irradiated by the light source and an ultrasonic cell crusher, wherein one side of the transparent tank is provided with a liquid inlet, the other side is provided with a liquid outlet, and the top of the transparent tank is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; an amplitude transformer of the ultrasonic cell crusher vertically and downwards extends into a bacterium suspension filled in the transparent tank, and air sealing is arranged between the amplitude transformer and an upper cover of the transparent tank. The continuous-flow and ultrasonic-wave light biological hydrogen producing reactor combines a flat plate type reactor and the ultrasonic cell crusher so as to enhance organic matter as a carbon source in a degraded solution and raise the hydrogen producing speed of photosynthetic bacteria; when low-strength ultrasonic waves propagate in a medium, the continuous-flow and ultrasonic-wave light biological hydrogen producing reactor can change the permeability of a cell membrane, reinforce matter delivery, increase the metabolic activities of bacteria and promote the generation of useful matter; the continuous-flow and ultrasonic-wave light biological hydrogen producing reactor enhances the speed of a reactant entering the active position of enzyme or cells, promotes the mass transfer diffusion process that a product departs from the active center of the enzyme and enters a liquid medium, raises the enzyme activity, promotes the catalytic reaction of the enzyme and raises the speed of biological reaction.

The invention provides a method used for producing hydrogen by taking cellulose as a raw material. The method comprises following steps: 1, microwave acid digestion; 2, enzyme hydrolysis; 3, dark fermentation hydrogen production; 4, photo fermentation hydrogen production; and 5, purification. The method is high in hydrogen yield, hydrogen production efficiency, substrate utilization ratio, and energy conversion efficiency.

The invention relates to preparation and application of a hydrogen production photo-catalyst MoS2-SrZrO3, aiming at solving the problems of low hydrogen production rate under ultraviolet light, instability and wide light response range of the catalyst. The catalyst is a heterojunction catalyst formed by MoS2 and SrZrO3. A preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: adding SrOC12.8H2O and Sr(NO3)3 into a KOH solution, fully dissolving SrOC12.8H2O and Sr(NO3)3, putting the solution in a hydrothermal kettle for heating, washing and drying a product to obtain SrZrO3, then adding SrZrO3 a Na2MoO4.2H2O and CH3CSNH2 solution, ultrasonically stirring the solution, putting the solution in the hydrothermal kettle for heating, washing and drying the product to obtain the catalyst. The catalyst prepared by the method is environmentally friendly, and is high in hydrogen production rate which reaches 5.96mmol/L under ultraviolet light with wavelength being 365nm, and is long in service life, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a graphdiyne-like substance. The method includes: with cuprous iodide being a substrate, performing a coupling reaction to hexaalkynyl benzene under catalysis by the cuprous iodide in a solvent; removing the cuprous iodide with ammonia water through corrosion, and performing centrifugal separation and drying, and grinding the product to obtain the graphdiyne-like powder product. The method can prepare the graphdiyne-like substance at large scale, shortens the researching period of the graphdiyne in other fields, and makes the graphdiyne possibleto be applied to other fields.

The invention discloses a semiconductor hydrogen production catalyst based on compounding of titanium dioxide and molybdenum sulfide, and a preparation method and application thereof, which relate to the technical field of nano-catalysts and photocatalysis. The preparation method of the compound catalyst comprises the following steps of adopting a ti-based MOF (NH2-MIL-125) as a precursor; dissolving the precursor, thiourea and sodium molybdate dehydrate in water in the moderate hydrothermal reaction; sealing in a reaction kettle; reacting at the constant temperature of 200 to 220 DEG C; reducing the temperature to be the room temperature under the natural condition to obtain a nano composite. The hydrogen production rate of the semiconductor hydrogen production catalyst reaches up to 10,046 mu mol h<-1>g<-1>, the semiconductor hydrogen production catalyst can be recycled through centrifugal separation, and the utilization rate of the catalyst is improved.

The invention provides a method used for producing hydrogen by taking cellulose as a raw material. The method comprises following steps: 1, microwave alkali digestion; 2, enzyme hydrolysis; 3, dark fermentation hydrogen production; 4, photo fermentation hydrogen production; and 5, purification. The method is high in hydrogen yield, hydrogen production efficiency, substrate utilization ratio, and energy conversion efficiency.

The invention discloses a method for catalyzing hydrogen production from formic acid by using a palladium-based catalyst Pd/CTF. The method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a covalent triazine polymeric porous material (CTF) by an ionic thermal copolymerization method; loading precious metal Pd by a precipitation deposition method to obtain the catalyst Pd/CTF; adding the Pd/CTF into aformic acid solution, and catalyzing the hydrogen production from the formic acid at 298-328K. The prepared loaded palladium catalyst Pd/CTF adopts a suitable pore structure, the atomic proportion ofN element on the surface is 8.76-9.89%, and the diameter range of the Pd is 1.58-1.87nm. According to the method, a carbon nitrogen material CTF is used as a carrier of the Pd-based catalyst, so thaton one hand, the catalytic activity of the catalyst is significantly improved, and on the other hand, the charge structure on the surface of the noble metal is changed and production of a byproduct COis eliminated. By the method, the catalyst is easy to prepare, the operation is convenient, the catalytic efficiency is high, and the catalyst can be recycled.