The present application belongs to the technical field of wet-process
phosphoric acid and resource comprehensive utilization, and discloses a method for preparing
phosphoric acid and
calcium chloride by decomposing medium and low grade
phosphate rock with by-product
hydrochloric acid. (1) The
phosphate rock is mixed with a
hydrochloric acid solution,
sodium chloride is added, and after reaction,
solid-liquid separation is performed to obtain an acidolysis solution; (2) the acidolysis solution is separated and treated to obtain a
phosphoric acid solution and a
calcium chloride solution; (3) the
calcium chloride solution is neutralized and purified by using a stepwise pH value control method; (4) the purified calcium chloride solution is concentrated,
sodium chloride is precipitated and separated due to
solubility difference, and is returned to step (1) for recycling, and the concentration,
crystallization and
drying are continuously performed to obtain a calcium chloride product. The present application effectively solves the problems of difficult
solid-liquid separation and low value of by-product calcium chloride caused by the generation of
silica gel in the acidolysis process of medium and low grade
phosphate rock, the
decomposition rate of the phosphate rock is more than 98%, high quality phosphoric acid is obtained, the full utilization of by-products is realized, and the production cost and
energy consumption are significantly reduced.