166results about How to "Applicable to a wide range of pH" patented technology

A method of treating refractory pollutants utilizes the pyrite cinder as catalyst which forms a heterogeneous Fenton system with H2O2 to catalyze H2O2 to generate hydroxyl radical (.OH) with strong oxidability and degrade the organic pollutants efficiently and quickly. The method comprises the following steps: (1) after the waste water is added in a reactor, a given amount of pyrite cinder original sample or activated and pretreated cinder is added in the waste water; (2) H2O2 solution is added in a mixed liquid of the waste water and the pyrite cinder so as to form an analogous Fenton reagent with the pyrite cinder; (3) stirring is carried out so as to lead the pyrite cinder, the H2O2 solution and the waste water to be mixed for reaction, and the stirring is stopped at the set reaction time; and (4) standing is carried out, the pyrite cinder is quickly precipitated and the supernate is discharged, so that the pyrite cinder can be reused. The invention discovers a novel analogous Fenton oxidation catalyst, extends the resource utilization ways of the pyrite cinder, achieves the purpose of controlling waste by waste and realizes the comprehensive utilization of the waste.

The invention discloses a preparing method and application of a core-shell structure Fe3O4@MIL(Fe) composite material. According to the method, MIL(Fe) is prepared firstly with the solvothermal method, then FeCl3 ethylene glycol solution is transferred into a pore canal of MIL(Fe), nanometer Fe3O4 is obtained in the pore canal with the solvothermal method through in situ formation, and then the core-shell structure Fe3O4@MIL(Fe) composite material is obtained. A catalyst is high in catalytic activity, environmentally friendly, easy to recover and capable of being used repeatedly. Furthermore, equipment adopted in the method is simple, operation is convenient, organic pollutants in water can be degraded efficiently within a wide pH range, and application prospects are great.

The invention relates to an alkylbenzyl polyoxyethylene ether betaine surfactant and its preparation method and use. The alkylbenzyl polyoxyethylene ether betaine surfactant is a zwitterionic surfactant. Alkyl benzene undergoes a series of reactions to produce the alkylbenzyl polyoxyethylene ether betaine surfactant. Through a unique molecular structure, the alkylbenzyl polyoxyethylene ether betaine surfactant has excellent water-solubility, water hardening resistance, a wide pH application scope, low toxicity, good degradability, and good compatibility with other types of surfactants, can be used for fields of washing, weaving and tertiary oil recovery, has high activity, a critical micelle concentration of 10<-5> to 10<-6>mol/L, and surface tension of 23 to 30mN/m at the critical micelle concentration. Through alone use or compounding with other auxiliaries, the alkylbenzyl polyoxyethylene ether betaine surfactant can form ultralow interfacial tension having the magnitude of 10<-3>mN/m with simulated oil alkane or crude oil and can be used in tertiary oil recovery. The alkylbenzyl polyoxyethylene ether betaine surfactant has a structural formula shown in the patent specification.

The invention discloses a heavy metal biological adsorbent using an eggshell membrane as a matrix and a preparation method thereof. The heavy metal biological adsorbent adopts chitosan as an immobilized carrier and eggshell membrane powder as a basis material, and comprises the following components in part by weight: 10 to 13 parts of the eggshell membrane powder, 20 to 30 parts of the chitosan of which the deacetylation degree is 86.9 percent, and a minute amount of gelatinous substance of a complex which contains sodium and potassium and is formed in the preparation process. The particle size of the biological adsorbent is 2 to 3 millimeters. The method comprises the steps of performing vacuum freeze drying and mechanical disintegration on a fresh eggshell membrane (a fibrous membrane between an eggshell and egg white), and then embedding the eggshell membrane with chitosan glue solution to obtain the biological adsorbent for adsorbing heavy metals. The biological adsorbent can be used for treating waste water containing the heavy metals of nickel, cobalt, cadmium, copper, lead and the like of which the concentration is lower than 100 mg/L, and the adsorption rate achieves 42 to 98 percent.

The invention relates to a ferro-manganese composite oxide catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The ferro-manganese composite oxide catalyst is granular and is prepared by calcining polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), ferrous sulfate, sodium carbonate and natural ferro-manganese ore after reaction. The catalyst can be used for advanced degradation of papermaking wastewater after biochemical treatment. The catalyst disclosed by the invention is changed to ferro-manganese composite oxide particles from conventional ferrous sulfate, can be reused after calcination, is low in chemical sludge output, can save sludge treatment cost, can reduce production of secondary pollution, and can easily realize solid-liquid separation.

The invention relates to a deep treatment method for industrial wastewater through natural pyrite catalyzed H2O2 oxidation. The deep treatment method specifically comprises the following steps: pretreating natural pyrite, adding wastewater into a reactor, adjusting the pH value to be 8-10, adding the pretreated natural pyrite, adding nitrilotriacetic acid, fast stirring, adding a hydrogen peroxide solution, after reaction under stirring, adding a FeCl3 solution to control the mass ratio of pyrite and Fe (III) to be 10:1, adding hydrogen peroxide, continuing the reaction, and standing for precipitation, wherein residual mineral can be recycled; introducing air into supernatant separated through precipitation for secondary oxidation while keeping dissolved oxygen in the water to be above 3ppm, after sufficient aeration, adding polyacrylamide for coagulation treatment, and after standing for precipitation, discharging effluent; carrying out water quality analysis on a treated water sample to assess the treatment effect. By a simple way and various synergistic effects, the deep treatment method provided by the invention changes the generation way of Fenton reaction, significantly increases the reaction reactivity, expands the applicable pH range of the wastewater, improves the utilization efficiency of H2O2, and reduces the cost of technology, thus being an economical and efficient wastewater deep treatment technology.

The invention provides a decoloring method for wastewater with low treatment cost. The method comprises the steps of: using an electrochemically active microorganism enriching carbon material as an anode and an air electrode containing an alpha-FeOOH iron source as a cathode; degrading wastewater in an anode chamber by the electrochemically active microorganisms on the surface of the anode and transferring electrons to the surface of the anode by extracellular electron transferring capacity of electrochemically active microorganisms; then, providing the electrons to the cathode through an external circuit, and meanwhile reducing the electrons by surface oxidation of the air cathode to generate H2O2; carrying out heterogeneous Fenton reaction with the iron source alpha-FeOOH carried by the cathode; realizing heterogeneous bioelectricity Fenton process of alpha-FeOOH; and generating hydroxyl free radicals to decolor wastewater of a dye. The method provided by the invention is not only suitable for treating wastewaters such as the dye, but also suitable for treating various organic wastewaters. The method has a wide application prospect in actual application.

The invention provides a wastewater treatment filling material and a preparation method thereof. The wastewater treatment filling material comprises the following component raw materials by weight percent: 20-70% of iron powder, 2-15% of copper powder, 3-10% of bamboo charcoal powder, 2-15% of kaolin, 2-15% of magnesite powder and 10%-30% of zeolite powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively smashing and carrying out ball-milling on the component raw materials; then mixing and granulating to form a granular mixture; and finally, preparing a granular filling material by high-temperature sintering or cold pressing. Compared with the prior art, the wastewater treatment filling material prepared by the method provided by the invention has the characteristics that reaction rate is high, wastewater treatment time only needs from several minutes to tens of minutes; treatment amount is large; coagulation effect is good, COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal rateis high, and removal of chroma is better; service life is long, and cost is low; the range of acting on organic pollutants is wide; and operation and management are convenient, and passivation, channeling and wastes are not generated.

The invention discloses a block polyether compound modified lignin and a preparation method, which includes the following steps: a pressure-resistant reactor is firstly carried out the vacuum pumping, the nitrogen is added to the normal pressure, the oxygen is removed, after that, 100 weight parts of the purified lignin, 0.1 to 5 weight parts of base catalyst, and 20 to 100 weight parts of aromatics solvent are taken; the nitrogen is introduced for protection after the feeding, the pressure-resistant reactor is confined and stirred, 10 to 100 weight parts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are divided into 2 to 10 equal parts at 80 to 150 DEG C and 0.3 to 1.0 MPa, one equal part of ethylene oxide is introduced during each time of reaction for reaction for 30 to 60 minutes, one equal part of propylene oxide is then introduced for reaction for 30 to 60 minutes, after that, one equal part of ethylene oxide is introduced for reaction, the reaction is stopped after 2 to 10 times of such cyclic reactions, the heating is also stopped, and the mixture is cooled down to the room temperature, then the stirring is stopped, the nitrogen is introduced to enable the pressure-resistant reactor to achieve the normal temperature, finally the product is obtained by removing the distillation fractions with the low boiling points by vacuum distillation. The product can be used as a surfactant and can also be applied to the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foam materials.

The invention provides an iron-nitrogen-carbon composite material containing monatomic active sites, which comprises a carrier containing graphite-like carbon nitride and iron monatomic combined with the carrier, so that the catalytic activity to peroxymonosulfate is improved, and a large amount of metal ions are prevented from being dissolved out. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, dissolving a nitrogen-containing carbon source in an ethanol solution to obtain a solution A; wherein the nitrogen-containing carbon source is prepared from one or more of melamine, dicyandiamide and urea; S2, dispersing an iron-containing metal precursor in the solution A, and then performing evaporation to dryness treatment to obtain a mixed substance B; wherein the iron-containing metal precursor comprises one or two of chlorhematin and iron phthalocyanine; and S3, sequentially performing grinding and mixing treatment, pyrolysis treatment and cooling treatment on the mixed substance B, sequentially performing acid pickling treatment, water washing treatment and drying treatment on a substance obtained after cooling treatment, and obtaining the iron-nitrogen-carbon composite material.

The invention discloses a method for removing micro-pollutants by synergistically catalyzing persulfate with molybdenum disulfide and ferric ions. The method comprises the following steps: adding molybdenum disulfide into ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic uniform mixing at room temperature, adding organic dye wastewater, uniformly mixing, adding ferric iron, adjusting the pH value to 3-9, adding persulfate to form a reaction system, and carrying out stirring at room temperature to degrade pollutants in organic dye wastewater. According to the invention, molybdenum disulfide and ferric ions are used for efficiently catalyzing and decomposing persulfate to generate sulfate free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals so as to further achieve oxidative degradation of micro-pollutants in water, wherein the degradation effect of a PMS/Fe<3+>/MoS2 system reaches more than 95%, the application pH range is wide, the molybdenum disulfide consumption is low, the molybdenum disulfide can be repeatedly utilized, and secondary pollution is avoided; and the method has the advantages of simple process flow, no need of complex devices, mild reaction conditions, rapid reaction at normal temperature and normal pressure, strong operability and wide practical application prospect.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a binary-oxide composite solid acid catalyst and a method for treating degradation-resistant organic pollutants by catalyzing oxidation of H2O2, belonging to the field of treatment and catalytic reaction of wastewater in environmental protection. The method for synthesizing the solid acid catalyst comprises the following steps: mixing SnCl4.5H2O with diatomaceous earth, adding Fe2(SO4)3 according to a certain mass ratio, and adjusting the pH value of the mixture by using strong aqueous ammonia to form sol; ageing, washing, settling centrifugally, drying, grinding and sieving the sol to obtain a precursor; and impregnating the precursor with sulfuric acids with different concentrations, filtering, drying and calcining to obtain the solid acid catalyst which takes a sulfate radical as an accelerator. The solid acid catalyst can form a heterogeneous Fenton system together with hydrogen peroxide to catalyze to generate a hydroxyl radical (.OH) for degrading pollutants and can be used for degrading the methylene-blue simulated wastewater, the methyl-orange simulated wastewater, the m-nitrobenzene simulated wastewater, the turquoise-blue real wastewater, the glyphosate real wastewater and the pharmaceutical-intermediate real wastewater quickly and effectively without adjusting the pH value of the wastewater and generating iron sludge, and thus fewer reagents are used. The solid acid catalyst has a strong sedimentation performance and can be recycled.

The invention provides an application of a calcium-manganese oxide catalyst in degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater and soil, and relates to the technical field of catalysis and environmental organic pollutant control. The calcium-manganese oxide (Cax(Mn1-aFea)yOz) catalyst is prepared by a sol-gel method and high-temperature calcination, and is used for activating persulfate to generate active substances with strong oxidizing property, such as sulfate free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals, singlet oxygen and the like, so that organic pollutants in water and soil are rapidly oxidized and removed. The catalyst disclosed by the invention is simple to prepare and environment-friendly, the contained elements are Ca and Mn elements which are low in toxicity, cheap and rich in the earth, the metal dissolution rate in the reaction process is low, and the problem of secondary pollution is avoided. In addition, the reaction system formed by the catalyst and persulfate can rapidly degrade phenol, bisphenol A, 2,6-dichlorophenol, parachlorophenol, paracetamol and other refractory organic pollutants, shows good performance in a wide pH range, and has great application potential.

The invention belongs to the field of remediation of underground water and discloses a method of using biochar for oxidizing trivalent arsenic in underground water. The method includes the steps of adding the biochar into the underground water containing the trivalent arsenic (AsIII), introducing oxygen-containing gas at the same time, and carrying out stirring for a reaction for 1-3 days so thatthe AsIII in the underground water can be oxidized into pentavalent arsenic (AsV), wherein the biochar is obtained by adopting agricultural and forestry waste as a raw material for pyrolysis for 30-150 minutes at 400-500 DEG C under an oxygen isolation condition and then washing an obtained solid with deionized water. Through the cooperative effect of the biochar and the oxygen-containing gas andthe improvement of a pyrolysis preparation process and the like of the key biochar, the problems can be effectively solved that secondary pollution is likely to be caused, the operation cost is high,the operation is complicated, external minerals need to be added, and the efficiency is low. According to the method of using the biochar for oxidizing the AsIII in the underground water in site, an economical, efficient and environment-friendly treatment method is provided for oxidizing the AsIII in the underground water.

The invention discloses a method for degrading a smelly substance in water through an oxidizing agent activated by ferrous iron. The method includes the following steps that an oxidizing agent and ferrous iron solution is added into the water with the smelly substance for reaction, and sampling analysis is performed after the reaction to obtain the degradation result of the smelly substance in the water. The smelly substance is 2-methylisoborneol or geosmin, the oxidizing agent is persulfate or mono potassium peroxysulfate, and the ferrous iron is a substance releasing ferrous ions. The method is environmentally friendly and will not generate secondary pollution, a good effect can be achieved at a normal temperature just by adding the reagent into the water with the smelly substance needing to be degraded, the good degradation effect can be achieved no matter whether under neutral pH or acidic pH, it is unnecessary to arrange other devices, operation is simple, storage and transportation are easy, and the method can be used for degrading the smelly substance in the water.

The invention discloses a method for degrading organic dye in water by activating a persulfate by using molybdenum disulfide synergized bivalent iron. The method comprises the following steps: addingmolybdenum disulfide into ultrapure water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at a temperature of 15-25 DEG C, then adding organic dye wastewater, uniformly carrying out mixing, then adding ferrous iron, adjusting the pH value to 2-4, then adding a persulfate to obtain a reaction system, and carrying out stirring at normal temperature for degradation. The use amount of molybdenum disulfide in the method is low, the molybdenum disulfide can be repeatedly used, and no secondary pollution is caused. Compared with a method of activating a persulfate by single bivalent iron, the method has the advantages that the use amount of bivalent iron is lower, the reaction time is greatly shortened, and a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are saved. The application rangeof a pH value of the system is wide, and the activation effect is the best under the condition that the pH value is equal to 3. The method disclosed by the invention has a very simple process flow and does not need a complex device, the reaction conditions are mild, and a reaction can be carried out quickly at normal temperature and normal pressure. Operability is high, and the method has a widepractical application prospect.

The invention relates to a multi-effect water treatment agent, a preparation method thereof and a water treatment method. The multi-effect water treatment agent is prepared from acrylamide oligomer grafting graphene oxide, polyacrylamide, polysilicate aluminum ferrite, poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) and sodium bicarbonate, wherein the acrylamide oligomer grafting graphene oxide is prepared by two steps of graphene oxide carboxylation and grafting reaction. The multiple-effect water treatment agent can adapt to multiple complex water qualities, and particularly can effectively remove benzene compounds and heavy metal ions. The water treatment method comprises stages of mixing, preliminary flocculation, secondary flocculation and filtering; the efficient utilization of the water treatment agent is realized by using a lower water backflow step, and the production cost is lowered.

The invention relates to a method of treating wastewater by catalyzing ozone to oxidize by using pyrite cinder, wherein the oxidizing efficiency of ozone is improved, the economic cost of preparing an ozone catalyst is lowered, and the economic and efficient catalytic ozonation technology is developed. The core of the method provided by the invention is as follows: chemical cinder, namely pyrite cinder is used and after being subjected tosimple activating treatment, the pyrite cinder is used for catalyzing ozone to oxidize, so that treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another is carried out. The pyrite cinder is developed to a novel ozone catalyst with high catalytic activity for heterogeneous catalytic ozonation treatment of wastewater by virtue of an activating method of controlling critical process parameters and inventing the catalyst. Compared with the prior art, according to the method provided by the invention, pyrite cinder is simply activated to use, so that the preparation process is simple, the catalytic activity is high, and no other metals are loaded additionally, thereby greatly lowering the economic cost of the catalyst while improving the catalytic efficiency.

The invention discloses manganese-loaded oxide zeolite which is prepared by the following steps: adding 1.0g of artificial zeolite into 40mL of a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 0.40mol/L, and stirring for 30min; then adding 5.00mL of oleic acid drop by drop, and performing reaction at a temperature of 120 DEG C for 12 hours; after the reaction, cooling to reach a room temperature, performing suction filtration, washing by using distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence, and drying at a temperature of 60 DEG C for 10 hours to obtain the manganese-loaded oxide zeolite. Experiment shows that the manganese-loaded oxide zeolite disclosed by the invention is a high-efficiency formaldehyde removing agent which can directly oxidize formaldehyde into water and carbon dioxide; the removal rate on the formaldehyde with the concentration of 1 percent is 74.5 percent, and the removal capacity is 4,133mg/g. The manganese-loaded oxide zeolite is stabilized at a pH value of 4-10, and the recycling performance is perfect; after the manganese-loaded oxide zeolite is repeatedly used for three times, the removal capacity on the formaldehyde with the concentration of 1 percent can still reach 3,500mg/g, and the dissolving amount of manganese is smaller than an international limit value being 2.0mg/L.

The invention relates to a defluorination adsorbent which comprises anion exchange resin and an inorganic defluorination adsorbent, wherein the inorganic defluorination adsorbent is in a layered crystal structure, deposited in the ducts of the anion exchange resin, and formed by a hydroxide of lithium, a hydroxide of aluminum and a hydroxide of lanthanum. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the defluorination adsorbent. The preparation method comprises the following steps that lanthanum salt and aluminum slat are dissolved in water containing ethyl alcohol, and a mixed solution is obtained; the anion exchange resin is added to the mixed solution, reaction is performed at the temperature of 60-80 DEG C, and then a strong caustic water solution is added for soaking; the processed anion exchange resin is added to the water solution of lithium salt, crystallization is performed at the temperature of 50-90 DEG C, and the defluorination adsorbent is obtained. According to the defluorination adsorbent, the absorption quantity is large, the absorption speed is high, the defluorination efficiency is high, and the defluorination adsorbent can be reused; the preparation method of the defluorination adsorbent is mild in condition, simple in technology and suitable for industrialization batch production.