The invention discloses a beneficiation combined method and a system for comprehensively recovered associated iron phosphate minerals. The method comprises the steps of internally crushing the iron phosphate minerals through a crusher; sequentially carrying out 0.35mm to 0.45mm particle-size coarse crushing, 0.1mm to 0.15mm intermediate crushing, and 0.05mm to 0.09mm fine crushing; screening the fine-crushed powder ore, and obtaining undersize dried powdered ore and plus sieve powdered ore; placing the undersize dried powdered ore into a screening machine with a 0.4T to 1.2T high-intensity magnetic field, screening to obtain magnetic iron ore particles and powder, carrying out magnetic separation to screening a first dried iron ore concentrate, a first dried middling ore, and a first driedtailing, and returning the plus sieve powered ore back to the fine crushing step. The powered ore is dry-screened through sequentially carrying out the technological processes such as coarse crushing, intermediate crushing, fine crushing, screening, and dry screening on raw ore, so that the grinding particle size fineness is improved, the aim of more crushing and less grinding is achieved, the energy consumption and other raw material consumption during the mineral processing process are greatly reduced, the beneficiation cost is reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.