The invention relates to the technical field of friction materials, in particular to a carbon-based ceramic brake block and a preparing method of the carbon-based ceramic brake block. Through the proper proportioning and combination of raw materials such as carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, aramid fiber, phenolic resin, mineral fiber, blanc fixe, modified silicon carbide, friction modifying agents, inorganic lubricating agents, organic friction powder, tougheners and improving agents are properly mixed and combined, so that the raw material formula of the carbon-based ceramic brake block is reasonable, in addition, through the steps of raw material mixing, molding pressing forming, heat treatment and grinding in the preparing process, the manufacturing technical flow process of the carbon-based ceramic brake block is shorter, the production period is short, the production cost is low, and the obvious economic benefits are realized; in addition, the friction coefficient and the abrasion degree of the prepared carbon-based ceramic brake block are better through being compared with the brake block produced by manufacturers of products produced according to the GB5763-2008 standard and the domestic automobile brake technology.