209results about How to "Enhanced chemical adsorption capacity" patented technology

Disclosed herein is a SERS sensing surface device comprising a substrate supporting a plurality of nano structures, an exposed sensing surface upon the nano structures, wherein said surface includes at least one active SERS nano surface and at least one inactive SERS nano surface established in proximity to the active SERS nano. Also disclosed are methods for forming the array device, systems based on the array device, as well as methods for performing SERS with the array device.

A monitoring network system for inspecting and controlling harmful substances includes probe assemblies that each includes a sensor comprising nano structured surfaces or nano particles in a solution, configured to adsorb molecules of a sample material captured adjacent to the sensor, a laser that can emit a laser beam to illuminate the molecules adsorbed to the nano structured surfaces, a spectrometer that can produce spectral data from light scattered by the molecules adsorbed to the nano structured surfaces, and a ID reader that can retrieve identification information about the sample material. A central office can determine a spectral signature matching spectral signatures stored in a database and to identify a harmful substance in the sample material. An alert and response system can send out an alert signal about the sample material when the harmful substance is identified in the sample material.

The invention relates to a method for preparing modified biomass charcoal for passivating lead and cadmium in soil. The method comprises the following steps: A, grinding and screening biomass raw materials; B, respectively dissolving FeSO4.7H2O and KMnO4 in water, uniformly mixing, regulating the pH value to 7, thus obtaining iron and manganese oxide suspension; C, adding the ground biomass raw materials into the iron and manganese oxide suspension, uniformly stirring, soaking, drying at the temperature of 105 DEG C for 6 hours, thus obtaining a biomass material loaded with iron and manganese oxides; and D, adding the biomass material loaded with iron and manganese oxides into a reactor, raising the temperature to 450-650 DEG C under oxygen-limited conditions, carrying out a pyrolysis carbonization reaction, thus obtaining the modified biomass charcoal. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the iron and manganese oxides are distributed in the surface and pores of the biomass charcoal, a passivation effect of the biomass charcoal on heavy metals lead and cadmium can be obviously improved, the environmental benefits of the biomass charcoal for treating contaminated soil are effectively improved, and the remediation cost of heavy metal contaminated soil also can be effectively reduced.

The invention discloses a concentric filter core material and a method thereof. The method comprises the following steps that: fibers containing hydroxyl group or amino group undergo scutching, carding, drawing and spinning processes to be made into a single yarn, and the single yarn is made into piled yarn by using a rotor spinning process at a twist of between 300 and 500 twists per meter, and thus the required core material is obtained. After acetate fibers are released, the core material is drawn to a molding machine by adopting a drawing and positioning device, added to the center part of a filter by a filter molding device and processed to obtain a concentric filter bar. The concentric filter core material and the method thereof have the advantages of no requirement of adding molding paper, single molding, convenient use and low cost. As the concentric filter core material has stronger chemical absorption function to polarity compositions in smoke gas of cigarette, the travel path of aerosol particles is lengthened, the collision among the particles and the interception probability of the core material to the particles are increased, so that the aerosol particles are more easily deposited on the surface of the core material, thereby improving the filtering efficiency of the center position of the filter.

The invention provides a preparation method of a sulfhydryl activated carbon mercury removal agent.The preparation method comprises the steps that activated carbon is modified by initiatively adopting sulfhydryl modification liquid prepared from mercaptoacetic acid, acetic anhydride and concentrated sulfuric acid, so that hydroxyl on the surface of the activated carbon reacts with mercaptoacetic acid to immobilize sulfhydryl to the activated carbon, and then sulfhydryl activated carbon is prepared.When mercury removal treatment is performed on mercury-containing gas or liquid by adopting the sulfhydryl activated carbon prepared through the preparation method, the sulfhydryl activated carbon shows the relatively high mercury removal precision and mercury penetration capacity, and therefore the sulfhydryl activated carbon prepared through the preparation method can be used as the mercury removal agent.

The invention relates to an oxide-modified flexible composite sulfur positive electrode material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of lithium-sulfur batteries. The material comprises a nanocarbon material, a metallic oxide and active material sulfur, wherein the nanocarbon material serves as a skeleton of a flexible positive electrode material; a mass ratio of the nanocarbonmaterial to the metallic oxide to the active material sulfur is 1:(0.01-5):(0.05-10); and sulfur in the flexible positive electrode material is uniformly dispersed in a pore channel of the metallic oxide modified nanocarbon material skeleton. The nanocarbon material on the surface of which oxides are uniformly compounded serves as the skeleton of the flexible positive electrode material, the sulfur serves as the active positive electrode material, and an oxide/nanocarbon material/sulfur composite material which can be used for the lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode material is compounded. The composite positive electrode material prepared by the invention has high conductivity and excellent flexibility and achieves an inhibiting effect on a shuttle effect of polysulfides, and the specific capacity, cycling stability, rate capability, coulombic efficiency and other electrochemical performances of the lithium-sulfur battery positive electrode are improved.

The invention discloses a flexible self-supporting composite electrode which is a composite material composed of a carbon-based current collector, cobalt phosphide growing on the current collector insitu and nitrogen-doped carbon. The cobalt phosphide/nitrogen-doped carbon grows on the carbon-based current collector in situ in the form of a nanosheet array. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the flexible self-supporting composite electrode. The method comprises the following steps of mixing a cobalt nitrate solution and a 2-methylimidazole solution in an isopyknic mannerto obtain a solution, placing the carbon-based current collector in the solution, standing for 1-4 hours, washing with the deionized water, drying to obtain the carbon-based current collector with a precursor grown in situ, and calcining in an H2/Ar atmosphere to obtain a carbon-based current collector sample with metal cobalt/nitrogen-doped carbon grown; and in the inert atmosphere, phosphatizingthe carbon-based current collector sample on which the metal cobalt/nitrogen-doped carbon grows and NaH2PO2. The electrode disclosed by the invention is used as the positive electrode material of thelithium-selenium sulfide battery, shows the excellent electrochemical performance and has a wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a lithium-sulfur battery cathode material by using bacterial cellulose hydrogel, comprising the following steps of S1, preparing a lithium sulfate/glucose/bacterial cellulose aerogel composite material; and S2, converting the lithium sulfate in the lithium sulfate/glucose/bacterial cellulose aerogel composite material into lithium sulfide, convertingthe glucose into porous carbon, and converting the bacterial cellulose into carbon nanofibers. The method can construct a carbon nanofiber meshed structure, and the lithium sulfide nanoparticles in the structure are coated with the porous carbon, thereby improving the electron transmission efficiency in an electrode, suppressing a shuttling effect, and solving the problem of electrode collapse during lithium-sulfur battery charging and discharging so as to improve the performance of the lithium-sulfur battery.

The invention discloses an in-situ iron-based Fenton-like catalyst and a synthesis method and application thereof. The synthesis method comprises the following steps of adding a precursor melamine solution into an iron source solution, and evaporating a mixed solution to dryness to obtain a solid; drying and uniformly grinding the solid, then calcining the solid for 2-5 hours under the condition of 450-650 DEG C, and afterwards, conducting cooling to obtain the catalyst. Iron substances in the catalyst exist in the form of ferric oxides, and are loaded on a carbon nitride framework through Fe-N bonds, the generation of surface defects of the ferric oxides is triggered due to the introduction of carbon nitride, and the electron transfer speed of the catalytic reaction process is increased.In the meanwhile, Fe-g-C3N4 has a certain self-degradation capability on pollutants, a harsh pH condition is not needed anymore in a Fenton-like reaction process, instead, excellent catalytic degradation performance, adaptability and stability can be shown on multiple pollutants simply under neutral conditions, and the catalyst has a great application potential in the aspect of sewage treatment.

The invention discloses a lithium-sulfur battery composite positive electrode material. Graphene oxide is used as a matrix of the battery positive electrode material, a graphene/ferroelectric composite material is obtained after the graphene oxide and a ferroelectric material are compounded, and then the graphene/ferroelectric composite material is mixed with nano sulfur according to a mass ratio of 3:7 to prepare the lithium-sulfur battery composite positive electrode material; and the ferroelectric material is one of barium titanate, lead titanate, potassium niobate, strontium titanate, lithium niobate or lead zirconate titanate. According to the lithium-sulfur battery composite positive electrode material disclosed by the invention, excellent electrical conductivity and structural stability of the graphene oxide are utilized, and the graphene oxide is used as an excellent conductive network and the positive electrode matrix, so that electrical conductivity of the positive electrode material is improved; and by utilizing strong adsorption of ferroelectricity of the ferroelectric material on polar polysulfide, dissolution and shuttling of the polysulfide in electrolyte are inhibited, so that loss of active substances is reduced, coulombic efficiency of a lithium-sulfur battery is improved and a cycle life of the lithium-sulfur battery is prolonged.

The invention provides a mercaptan removal catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst comprises a carrier, an active component and an oxidizing auxiliary agent heteropoly acid, wherein the carrier is composed of alumina and a rare earth element-modified molecular sieve; the active component is one or more of group IA, IIA, IB, IIB, VIIB or VIII metal oxide. The catalyst provided by the invention can change a pore structure and the adsorption performance of the molecular sieve by modifying the molecular sieve, and enhance the chemical adsorption capacity of the catalyst carrier to the mercaptan so as to be more favorable for adsorbing the mercaptan; meanwhile, the catalyst provided by the invention oxidizes the mercaptan into corresponding disulfide by using the strong oxidizing property of the heteropoly acid and then is adsorbed by the composite carrier, thereby allowing the mercaptan removal catalyst provided by the invention to remove the mercaptan without hydrogenation while reducing the total sulfur content, and achieving the purpose of thoroughly and effectively removing the mercaptan.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a porous ceramic material for adsorbing heavy metals. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing pug; (2) preparing a phosphorous compound solution: dissolving 20-40 parts (by weight) of phosphorous compound in 30-60 parts (by weight) of water so as to obtain the phosphorous compound solution; (3) carrying out milling: adding the phosphorous compound solution prepared in the step (2) into the pug prepared in the step (1), and carrying out milling for 20 to 30 minutes by using a mixing mill; (4) carrying out ceramic green body forming; (5) carrying out ceramic green body drying; and (6) carrying out ceramic green body burning. The porous ceramic material for adsorbing the heavy metals, prepared by the method, has the advantages of porosity, high specific area, high mechanical strength, high physical adsorptivity, high chemical adsorptivity and wide chemical adsorption adaptability.

The invention discloses a carbon nanotube/copper-zinc alloy composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof and belongs to the technical field of preparation of materials. The carbon nanotube/copper-zinc alloy composite material is prepared from a matrix carbon nanotube (CNT) and copper-zinc alloy nanoparticles loaded on the surface of the matrix carbon nanotube; a preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out purification, sensitization and activation treatment on the CNT; then loading Cu nanoparticles on the CNT; plating Zn by utilizing zinc chloride; finally, carrying out alloying to obtain the carbon nanotube/copper-zinc alloy composite material. According to the carbon nanotube/copper-zinc alloy composite material, the CNTs are used for loading a nano copper-zinc alloy; on one hand, the advantages that the CNTs subjected to strong acid treatment have a relatively large specific surface area, relatively strong chemical adsorption, uniform distribution of metal elements on pipes and high thermal stability can be expressed; on the other hand, the CNTs are used as carriers of the copper-zinc nanoparticles and the property of isolating and dispersing the copper-zinc nanoparticles is realized; the distance between the copper-zinc nanoparticles is increased, the anti-sintering performance of the copper-zinc nanoparticles is improved and the agglomeration problem of nano copper-zinc alloys is solved.

The invention provides a positive electrode material of a lithium-sulfur battery, a preparation method thereof and the lithium-sulfur battery. The positive electrode material of the lithium-sulfur battery is a composite material formed by cobaltates (magnesium cobaltate, nickel cobaltate, copper cobaltate and zinc cobaltate) and elemental sulfur. The content of the elemental sulfur is 60-90wt%. The cobaltates provided by the invention have extremely-strong adsorbing action on polysulfide, and have the effects of effectively inhibiting dissolving of lithium polysulfide in ether electrolyte, relieving a shuttling effect in charging and discharging processes of the battery, reducing the capacity attenuation of the lithium-sulfur battery and prolonging the service life of the battery. The lithium-sulfur battery provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that under 0.1C current, the initial discharging capacity is 955mAh/g(calculated according to the composite material), the capacity is 722mAh/g after 100-time circulation, and the capacity retention ratio is 75.6%.

The invention discloses a fine ferric oxide desulfurizing agent and a preparation method and an application method thereof. The fine ferric oxide desulfurizing agent is prepared from ferrous sulfate septihydrate, calcium hydroxide, copper sulfate pentahydrate, sodium hydroxide, bentonite and sodium carboxymethylcellulose through mixing, strip extrusion and drying, and comprises, by mass, 57%-68% of ferrous sulfate septihydrate, 18%-25% of calcium hydroxide, 3%-8% of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 6.5%-18% of sodium hydroxide, 3%-10% of bentonite and 1%-3% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The fine ferric oxide desulfurizing agent is applied to removal of natural gas, coke-oven gas, oil field gas, synthesis gas, methane, carbon dioxide and organic sulfur such as H2S, COS and mercaptan in liquid hydrocarbon feed gas under the normal-temperature anaerobic condition and is high in desulfurization precision and sulfur capacity. The environment-friendly fine ferric oxide desulfurizing agent is prepared without washing and filtering, and the preparation method has the advantages of simple production technology, low equipment investment and maintenance cost and suitability for large-scale industrial production.

The invention relates to double-component orange slice type compound fibers and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: first, uniformly mixing terephthalicacid, 1,4-butanediol, dihydric alcohol with a tertiary butyl side group, binary acid with a tertiary butyl side group and doped and modified Bi2O3 powder, and successively carrying out esterificationreaction and polycondensation to prepare modified polyester; and carrying out metering, extruding in a same yarn spray hole in an orange slice type yarn spray plate, cooling, oiling, stretching, thermal setting and coiling on a modified polyester melt and a chinlon melt by means of a compound spinning method to prepare the double-component orange slice type compound fibers, wherein the doped andmodified Bi2O3 powder is dispersed in chinlon. The intrinsic viscosity of the product placed for 60 months at a temperature of 25 DEG C and relatively humidity of 65% is reduced by 16-21%. The intrinsic viscosity of the modified polyester is reduced by 14-19%. The preparation method is simple in process and low in cost. The prepared product is high in natural degrading rate and good in applicationprospect.

The invention discloses a preparation method of amino-functionalized manganese dioxide-loaded nano-magnetic bentonite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: selecting sodium bentonite,ferric chloride, cobalt chloride, sodium acetate and ethylene glycol as raw materials, mixing uniformly, and then performing hydrothermal reaction to prepare nano-magnetic bentonite A; then mixing the nano-magnetic bentonite A with manganese chloride and a sodium permanganate solution, in which potassium permanganate is dissolved, so as to react to obtain manganese dioxide-loaded nano-magnetic bentonite B; then reacting the manganese dioxide-loaded nano-magnetic bentonite B with an organic solvent, a silane coupling agent and the like to obtain novel amino-functionalized manganese dioxide-loaded nano-magnetic bentonite. According to the novel nano-magnetic bentonite disclosed by the invention, an iron and cobalt-containing magnetic nanomaterial is loaded on the bentonite, active manganesedioxide and amino functional groups are introduced, the selectivity and removal effect of cadmium ions can be effectively strengthened when the paramagnetic property of a material is simultaneously maintained, and the adsorption efficiency of Cd<2+> is as high as 99% or above.

The invention discloses a tire pyrolysis carbon black modification method. The modification method comprises the following steps: a, mixing tire pyrolysis carbon black powder with a dispersing agent to obtain carbon black ore pulp; b, mixing the carbon black ore pulp with hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out aging modification; c, carrying out dehydration treatment on the aged modified product to obtain dehydrated solids; and d, carrying out microwave heating on the dehydrated solids under inert gas purging. The invention also discloses the modified pyrolysis carbon black obtained by the tire pyrolysis carbon black modification method. The invention also discloses a tire comprising the modified cracked carbon black.

In order to overcome the problem that a polysulfide shuttle effect exists in a diaphragm of an existing lithium-sulfur battery, the invention provides a battery diaphragm which comprises a diaphragm matrix and a covering layer covering the diaphragm matrix, the covering layer comprises a porous carbon material and metal sulfide loaded on the porous carbon material, and the metal sulfide is dispersed in the porous body of the porous carbon material. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the battery diaphragm and a lithium-sulfur battery. The battery diaphragm providedby the invention can effectively block shuttling of polysulfide and greatly improve the cycle performance of the lithium-sulfur battery.