Provided herein included methods and systems to identify
exposure to environmental carcinogens, compounds, and other toxins are disclosed. Additionally provided, include methods and systems to identify risk associated with such environmental carcinogens, compounds, and other toxins. Various embodiments include
machine learning models to identify cellular morphometric biomarkers (CMBs). Various methods and systems described herein are capable of using CMBs for diagnostic, prognostic, or forensic purposes. Some embodiments are directed to training a
machine learning model for such using CMBs for diagnostic, prognostic, or forensic purposes, including (but not limited to) generating images of biological responses that can be used as a training
data set. Additional embodiments are directed to computing devices and / or
software that are capable of performing methods as described herein.