112results about How to "Controllable pore structure" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-strength lamellar Al-based metal ceramic composite material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of high preparation cost, complex operation, single type of reinforcement ceramic and low strength. The high-strength lamellar Al-based metal ceramic composite material, i.e., high-strength lamellar structure Al-Si-Mg/(Al2O3, SiC, TiC) composite material comprises ceramic powder and Al-Si-Mg alloy. The volume fraction of ceramic powder is 20%-40vol%; the volume fraction of Al-Si-Mg alloy is 80%-60vol%; the mass ratio of aluminum in the Al-Si-Mg alloy is 75-84wt%; the mass ratio of silicon is 10-15wt%; the mass ratio of magnesium is 6-10wt%. The preparation method of the high-strength lamellar Al-based metal ceramic composite material comprises the following steps: preparation of water-based ceramic slurry; directional solidification; freezing and drying; sintering of blanks; smelting of alloy; and non-pressure infiltration.

The invention discloses three-dimensionalgraphene composite aerogel. High-molecular material nano fiber with a biomass polysaccharide structure is compounded with oxidized graphene through a surface electrostatic-force effect, and then the composite aerogelis prepared by utilizing hydrazine hydrate reduction and a method for high-temperature pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the three-dimensionalgraphene composite aerogel. The method for preparing the three-dimensionalgraphene composite aerogel is simple, easy to operate, large in specific surface area, uniform in pore size distribution and good in electrical conductivity, and the chemical reactivity is improved.

The invention belongs to the field of composites, and discloses a method for preparing a C/C-SiC composite part and a product prepared through the method. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, carbon fiber/phenolic resin composite powder is prepared by using a solvent evaporation method; secondly, according to a three-dimensional model of the part, the carbon fiber composite powder is molded into an initial molded blank by means of the 3D printing technology; thirdly, the initial molded blank is subjected primary densification and a C/C porous body is obtained; fourthly, the C/C porous body is subjected to a molten silicon infiltration reaction, high-temperature desilication and secondary densificaiton, and the final C/C-SiC part is obtained. By means of the method, the C/C-SiC composite part with a complex structure can be shaped in a near-net mode, the method is short in production period and low in cost, and the C/C-SiC composite part obtained through the method is low in residual silicon content and has excellent performance.

The invention discloses a hydrothermal method for preparing triclinic-phase FeVO4 micro particles. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing ferric nitrate nonahydrate, ammonium metavanadate and nitric acid solution in a molar ratio of 1:1:10, adjusting the pH value to 4 or 7 by using 14 weight percent of aqueous ammonia, transferring the solution to a stainless steel self-pressure kettle of which a lining is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, treating the solution for 2 or 6 hours at the constant temperature of 180 DEG C, filtering the solution, washing and drying the filtrate, and heating the filtrate to 600 DEG C from room temperature at the speed of 1 DEG C per minute under air atmosphere and keeping the temperature for 6 hours, wherein when the pH is 4 or 7 and the hydrothermal treatment is performed for 6 hours, the obtained product is a triclinic-phase FeVO4 mesoporous micro bar, and when the pH is 4 and the hydrothermal treatment is performed for 2 hours, the obtained product is a triclinic-phase FeVO4 imperforate micro block. The method is convenient to operate, the raw materials are cheap, and the topography, crystalline phase structure and specific surface area of the target product particles are controllable.

The invention relates to a thermal-insulation and humidity-regulating foam concrete material which is characterized by being composed of following components, by weight: 35-45 parts of cement, 15-25 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of a humidity-regulating material, 1-2 parts of a stabilizing agent, 3-5 parts of a foaming agent and 24-32 parts of water. The thermal-insulation and humidity-regulating foam concrete material satisfies design requirements of technical indexes and has an excellent thermal-insulation and humidity-regulating performance.

The invention discloses a making method of a high-toughness porous SiC ceramic complex part. A light-cured rapid forming technology is adopted to make a resin die of the complex part, a high-residual carbon resin slurry is casted, cured and pyrolyzed to make a porous carbon perform, silicon-carbon reaction sintering and high-temperature vacuum silicon discharge technologies are adopted to make a porous SiC complex part, and matrix aperture internal SiC nanowires are made through a microwave heating process to realize the toughening purpose. The method has the advantages of free forming of the complex structure, uniform and controllable aperture, high specific surface area, high fracture toughness, high-temperature resistance, anti-oxidation and the like.

The invention relates to a preparing method of TiB2 particle reinforced foamed aluminium/aluminium alloy, and belongs to the technical field of porous materials. The method includes: melting aluminium/aluminium alloy by heating, adding potassium fluoborate and potassium fluotitanate, performing an in-situ reaction to generate TiB2 particles, adding TiH2, foaming, allowing the melt and foam to be cooled and cured to obtain the TiB2 particle reinforced foamed aluminium/aluminium alloy. The TiB2 particles have double functions, namely a function of tackifying an aluminium/aluminium alloy melt and a function of particle reinforcing. The method has characteristics of high strength of the foamed aluminium/aluminium alloy, controllable pore structures, and simple preparation process, and can achieve industrial production.

The invention provides a method for manufacturing a foamed aluminum board. The method comprises the following steps of: putting titanium hydride powder containing 1 to 3 percent foaming agent into an aluminum or aluminum alloy pipe, sealing a plurality of aluminum or aluminum alloy pipes into which titanium hydride powder is filled in an aluminum or aluminum alloy box, performing mill processing and densifying, and foaming to prepare the foamed aluminum board. By the method, the defects that the pore structure is difficult to control in a casting method and preparation cost is high in a powder metallurgy method are overcome. Compared with an accumulative roll-bonding method, the method has the advantages that the foaming agent can be distributed uniformly, the pore volume can be controlled, the method is not limited by rolling reduction of a critical pass; by the method, the processing can be performed by a compound blank with a large section size, so that a foamed aluminum precursor can be manufactured under a low distortion temperature condition; and the method is convenient to operate and is low in cost.

The invention provides a bioactive porous hybrid carbon nanofiber material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological composite materials. The bioactive porous hybrid carbon nanofiber material is prepared by virtue of a process comprising the steps of evenly mixing a precursor sol-gel liquid of a bioactive substance, polyacrylonitrile, a pore-foaming agent and an organic solvent together under the conditions of heating in a water bath and ultrasonics, aging to obtain a spinning solution, forming a primary nanofiber film by virtue of an electrostatic spinning process, and then carrying out hot-stretching, pre-oxidating in heating stage by stage and carbonizing, and a preparation method of the bioactive porous hybrid carbon nanofiber material. Due to the bioactive nanoparticles existing on the surface of the material, the material has biocompatibility, bioactivity and biodegradability; due to existing regular-structure nano-scale pores, the material has the relatively high specific surface area, and therefore, the biological properties of the material are greatly improved. As a result, the bioactive porous hybrid carbon nanofiber material can be further used as a novel bone repair material or a bone tissue scaffold reinforcing material.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a mesoporous titanium oxide film loaded on a substrate. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing a titanium-containing compound and potassium salt or sodium salt into sol, standing and ageing; coating the sold on a surface hydroxylated substrate material by using a sol-gel dip-coating method to obtain a film in a polycrystalline form; performing primary roasting on the obtained film, reacting at the temperature of between 5 and 200DEG C in a hydrothermal reactor in the atmosphere of wet gas with the humidity of 1-50 percent, and cleaning by using water or an acidic solution after reaction; and performing secondary roasting to obtain the mesoporous titanium oxide film. The prepared film has high heat flux, and the heat transfer flux is dozens of times that of the traditional heat exchanger; and by combining the surface of the film with low friction coefficient, the film is favorable for a fluid to flow to transfer heat, the heat exchange property is improved, and the film has great application prospect in the fields such as biomedical materials, heat exchangers and the like.

The invention provides a polyacrylonitrile/polyacrylic acid nanofiber lithium sulfur battery diaphragm with a controllable pore structure. A preparation method of the polyacrylonitrile/polyacrylic acid nanofiber lithium sulfur battery diaphragm with the controllable pore structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: preparing polyacrylonitrile/polyacrylic acid composite nanofibersby electrospinning; performing ethanol vapor treatment to obtain the polyacrylonitrile/polyacrylic acid composite nanofibers with the controllable pore structure. The prepared composite material has the characteristics of complete fiber morphology, uniform pore size distribution and the like. Polyacrylonitrile can act as a composite nanofiber framework while polyacrylic acid is used as a structurecontrol material of the composite nanofibers. The composite nanofiber diaphragm has the advantages of environmental friendliness, high efficiency, precise regulation of pore size and porosity, stablephysical and chemical properties and the like.

The invention provides a vacuum foaming preparation method of blister steel and belongs to the technical field of a foam metal material. The vacuum foaming preparation method comprises the following steps of: carrying out steel smelting, tackifying a steel melt, generating initial air pores in the steel melt, foaming in vacuum, and cooling a blister steel melt to finally obtain the blister steel with the porosity of 70-85% and the pore diameter of 0.5-5mm. According to the vacuum foaming preparation method disclosed by the invention, SiC is used as a tackifier to carry out tackifying treatment on the steel melt; and a small amount of Cr2N is added into the steel melt tackified by the SiC, and gas is generated by agitating and dispersing the Gr2N and decomposing the Gr2N, so that the initial air pores which are uniformly distributed, great in quantity and fine are generated in the steel melt, and the blister steel is prepared by foaming in the vacuum. The control of the distribution, the quantity, the size, the vacuum degree, the foaming time and the like of the generated initial air pores is carried out so as to control the porosity and the pore structure of the blister steel to prepare the blister steel with the excellent performance in short time. The vacuum foaming preparation method of the blister steel, disclosed by the invention, has the characteristics of high efficiency, simple process, controllable pore structure, stable process and the like, and can realize the industrial production.

The invention discloses a mesoporous photo-thermal catalyst for medium-high temperature methane dry reforming as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method belongs tothe field of solar photo-thermal conversion and photo-thermal catalyst preparation methods, and adopts an impregnation method to load a thermal catalyst Ni to the surface of a mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst, so as to form the Ni-mesoporous TiO2 photo-thermal catalyst with nano Ni particles loaded on the surface of mesoporous TiO2. The medium-high temperature methane dry reforming photo-thermal synergistic catalyst provided by the invention is simple to prepare and easy to operate, has good photo-thermal synergistic catalytic activity at 400-600 DEG C, and has obviously improved activity compared with the traditional Ni-based thermal catalyst, so that the catalyst has higher industrial application level and prospect.

The invention discloses a light foam Mn-Cu alloy high-damping material. The light foam Mn-Cu alloy high-damping material is a binary alloy formed by metal manganese and copper or a multicomponent alloy formed by manganese, copper and one or more of iron, nickel and aluminum. A preparation method of the light foam Mn-Cu alloy high-damping material comprises the following steps of mixing Mn-Cu alloy particles and a foaming agent evenly; putting mixed powder into a mold and conducting cold-press molding to obtain a blank body for standby application; conducting hot-press molding on the blank body to obtain a high-compactness blank body with the density greater than 80%; putting the high-compactness blank body into the mold, conducting foaming and then cooling, and finally obtaining the foam Mn-Cu alloy high-damping material with the uniform aperture. By means of the light foam Mn-Cu alloy high-damping material and the preparation method thereof, the defect that the density of a traditional high-damping Mn-Cu alloy is large is overcome; the damping property of the Mn-Cu alloy is effectively improved through the porosity and the high-density defect around cavities. Besides, by means of the method, the problems that the foaming temperature is high, the size distribution of pores is non-uniform and the technological operation is difficult are solved.

The invention relates to a hierarchical porous polylactic acid material and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of biodegradable polymer porous materials and solves the technical problems that an existing porous polylactic acid material is single in pore diameter, poor in mechanical strength and poor connectivity among pores and a pore structure is difficult to control dueto the introduction of an organic solvent in a preparation method of the existing porous polylactic acid material. The hierarchical porous polylactic acid material disclosed by the invention is prepared by taking polylactic acid as a matrix, the matrix is irregularly distributed with a plurality of micropores and macropores which are in a form of olive-shaped pores or round pores, and long axes of the olive-shaped pores are parallel when both the micropores and the macropores are in the form of the olive-shaped pores. The porous polylactic acid material simultaneously has the micropores and the macropores, the connectivity among the pores is relatively good, the micropores can be interconnected with the macropores, the porosity can reach up to 80% or above, and the mechanical properties are good.

The invention provides macroporous hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps that: water-soluble gelatin microspheres are adopted as a pore-foaming agent, gelatin microsphere interfaces are bonded with one another in a heating mode, a gelatin microsphere template is removed after crosslinking and gelling, and finally the macroporous hydrogel with controllable pore diameter and mutual communication is formed. Adhesion, migration and proliferation of cells and transportation of oxygen, nutrient substances and the like are facilitated, avascularization promoting gel stent is expected to be further developed, and application of the hydrogel in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is expanded. Compared with macroporous hydrogel prepared by traditional methods, the macroporous hydrogel prepared by the method has the advantages that the gelation time is short, the gelation can be completed within a few seconds, the pore structure is controllable, uniform and mutually communicated, and the pore diameter range is 30-600 microns.

The invention discloses a method for preparing lignin-based hierarchical pore activated carbon fibers. The method comprises the following steps: alternately adding purified lignin and sodium alginateinto a sodium silicate aqueous solution at 60-80 DEG C, uniformly stirring, and adjusting the pH value to 1-2; performing rotary evaporation at reduced pressure to obtain a hybridized material; addingthe hybridized material into a melt spinning machine, and spinning at a temperature of 200-250 DEG C at a speed of 100-6000m/min to obtain hybridized fibers; heating the hybridized fibers in a high-temperature furnace to 280-300 DEG C at a speed of 0.01-3 DEG C, and insulating at a constant temperature for 1-6 hours; and heating to 1000-2000 DEG C at a speed of 1-5 DEG C/min, carbonizing for 0.5-12 hours, and activating and pickling to obtain porous activated carbon fibers. The method has the beneficial effects that the prepared carbon fibers have more pores, large specific surface and controllable pore structure.

The invention discloses a core cell structure. The core cell structure comprises an outer layer and an inner layer, wherein both the outer layer and the inner layer are three-period minimal curved surfaces; a cavity is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer; a connecting plate for connecting the outer layer with the inner layer is arranged in the cavity; an upper opening and a lower opening which extend to the outside of the cavity and are opposite to each other are formed in each of the outer layer and the inner layer; and a plurality of lateral openings which extend to the outside of the cavity are formed in the peripheral side of each of the outer layer and the inner layer. The invention also discloses a core with a porous structure. The core with the porous structure comprises the core cell structures, wherein the adjacent core cell structures are in butt joint with each other through the corresponding opening, and the outer layers and the inner layers of the core cellstructures form a continuous curved surface. The invention also discloses a sandwich energy absorption structure which comprises a first interlayer, a second interlayer and the core with the porous structure, and the core with the porous structure is clamped between the first interlayer and the second interlayer. The core cell structure, the core with the porous structure and the sandwich energy absorption structure have the advantages of simple structure, high energy absorption efficiency and the like.

The invention provides a carbon carrier for a hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method thereof and a palladium-system-supported hydrogenation catalyst and application thereof. The surface of the carbon carrier has oxygen-containing groups, and the strength of the carbon carrier is 70-120N / particle, and the specific surface area of the carbon carrier is 1-2000m<2> / g, and the average poresize is 2-10nm. The preparation method of the carbon carrier for the hydrogenation catalyst includes 1) even mixing of an organic polymer compound and a curing accelerator to obtain a curing system;2) mixing of the curing system with water, and successive kneading and forming of the obtained mixture to obtain a carbon carrier precursor; and 3) successive aging, drying, curing and carbonization of the obtained carbon carrier precursor to obtain the carbon carrier. The carbon carrier prepared by the method has large specific surface area, high strength, less impurity and easily-controlled shape. The preparation method of the carbon carrier is simple and practical, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.