118results about How to "Increased reaction sites" patented technology

The invention discloses an anode material for a double-shell capsule-shaped silicon-based lithium-ion battery and a preparation method of the anode material. In the material, a nano-silicon nuclear is coated by a double-layer carbon shell; a certain space exists between the silicon nuclear and an inner-layer carbon shell. According to the preparation method, the material disclosed by the invention can be obtained by taking a capsule-shaped structural silicon dioxide-coated silicon nano-composite material as a template, performing pyrolysis on an organic carbon source to coat the inner surface and the outer surface of the template silicon dioxide, performing high-temperature carbonization under an inert atmosphere, and finally, etching the silicon dioxide template. According to the material, the first lithium embedding capacity is 3,125 mAh / g; the specific capacity can still be kept at 1,161mAh / g after 30-time repeated charge-discharge cycles. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple in process and environmentally friendly; industrial production is easy to realize.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a NiCo2S4 / graphite felt composition electrode material. Water and ethyl alcohol serve as solvents, baking soda serves as an alkali source, ammonium fluoride serves as surfactant, cobalt chloride and nickel chloride serve as a cobalt source and a nickel source respectively, and a nickel-cobalt precursor is constructed on pre-oxidized graphite felt through hydrothermal reaction; then thioacetamide serves as a sulfur source, and the needle-shaped NiCo2S4 / graphite felt composition electrode material is prepared through the secondary hydrothermal method. The nickel-cobalt precursor can increase the sulfur loading amount and stabilize appearance of NiCo2S4, ammonium fluoride greatly increases the nucleation rate of NiCo2S4, and accordingly the specific capacitance of the composite material is increased and is as high as 1260-1265 F / g. The prepared NiCo2S4 / graphite felt composition electrode material is good in conductivity and high in specific capacitance, has the mechanical property of softness, and can be used as a supercapacitor electrode material.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a metal organic framework-derived tricobalt tetroxide-modified titanium dioxide nanotube array. The method comprises the following steps: firstly performing pretreatment on a titanium sheet substrate material; performing electrochemical treatment on the treated titanium substrate material by using an ethylene glycol solution containing ammonium fluoride and water as an electrolyte, and performing calcination by using a muffle furnace to change a titanium dioxide crystal form; secondly, performing cobalt hydroxide electrodeposition by means of athree-electrode electrochemical workstation and by using cobalt nitrate hexahydrate as an electrolyte, a titanium dioxide nanotube array as a working electrode, a platinum sheet as a negative electrode and silver / silver chloride as a reference electrode; performing hydrothermal treatment on the titanium dioxide nanotube array to form ZIF-67 in situ; and finally, performing secondary calcination byusing a muffle furnace to obtain the ZIF-67-derived porous tricobalt tetroxide-modified titanium dioxide nanotube array. The method disclosed by the invention can effectively improve absorption capacity of TiO2 on visible light, promote separation of electron hole pairs, and improve photocatalytic degradation efficiency of organic pollutants.

The invention provides an egg-shaped dual-carbon shell layer tin-based negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery and a preparation method for the negative electrode material. The egg-shell-shaped dual-layer carbon-coated stannic oxide nanocomposite comprises a porous stannic oxide sphere kernel and a dual-layer carbon shell for coating the surface of the porous stannic oxide sphere kernel, and a hollow layer exists between the two parts; the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing the egg-shell-shaped silicon dioxide-coated porous stannic oxide sphere nanocomposite by adopting a surfactant soft template method, and then attaching an organic pyrolytic carbon raw material on the surface of the nanocomposite, and performing a hydrothermal reaction and then carrying out condensation polymerization and carbonization to obtain the egg-shell-shaped carbon-silicon dioxide-carbon-coated stannic oxide sphere nanocomposite, and finally, performing etching by adopting a sodium hydroxide alkali solution to obtain the egg-shell-shaped dual-layer carbon-coated stannic oxide nanocomposite. Finally, the invention provides the tin-based negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery with nanometer scale, high conductivity and capability of effectively suppressing the volume effect of stannic oxide, and a preparation method for the negative electrode material.

The invention belongs to the technical fields of new energy and photoelectrochemistry, and specifically discloses a large-size nano-porous BiVO4 photo-anode as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. FTO conductive glass is taken as a substrate, bismuth nitrate is taken as a bismuth source, the FTO glass is immerged into a bismuth nitrate electrolyte at a certain speed, bismuth metal layer deposition and calcining are carried out to obtain bismuth oxide, then the surface of bismuth oxide is coated with DMSO solution containing vanadium(IV)oxy acetylacetonate (VO(acac)2) in a dripping manner, and finally calcining is carried out to obtain the photo-anode. The photo-anode prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of being simple in synthesis method, moderate in reaction conditions, pollution-free and the like, and good in prospect in the fields of photoinduction, capacitors, photoelectrocatalysis, photocatalysis and the like. Via experimental study, the photocurrent density of the nano-porous BiVO4 photo-anode in a photoelectrochemical test exceeds 1.4mA / cm<2>, the photon-to-electron conversion efficiency in a main light absorption area reaches 17%, and excellent stability is shown in the photoelectrochemical test.

The invention relates to a preparation method of nano hollow structure prussian blue and analogues thereof, in particular to a preparation method of nano hollow structure prussian blue and analogues thereof used for an electrochemical energy storage device. According to the method, the nano hollow structure of the prussian blue and the analogues thereof is prepared by adopting a cation exchange method through taking manganese hexacyanoferrate as a sacrificial template in a solution at room temperature. The preparation method is simple in technical operation, mild in reaction condition and cheap in used raw materials, and has universality for preparation of the nano hollow structure prussian blue and the analogues thereof; and obtained products have the characteristics of being uniform in shape, controllable in wall thickness and large in specific surface area. When the nano hollow structure prussian blue and the analogues thereof are used as electrode materials for the electrochemicalenergy storage device, reaction sites are greatly improved through a nanoscale shell and the hollow structure; meanwhile, improvement of ion transportation is facilitated; and an assembled device hasexcellent electrochemical properties.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a Prussian blue flower-like nano-structure electrode material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) firstly, dissolving nickel chloride hexahydrate and anhydrous sodium citrate into de-ionized water; 2) dissolving sodium ferrocyanide decahydrate into de-ionized water; 3) pouring a solution of step 2) into a mixed solution obtained by step 1) and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution; 4) standing the mixed solution obtained by step 3); 5) centrifuging and collecting sediment; washing the sediment for several times; drying in vacuum to obtain Prussian blue precursor powder; 6) adding the precursor powder into a sodium hydroxide solution and carrying out ultrasonic treatment; 7) centrifuging and collecting a product and washing; drying in vacuum to obtain light green powder, namely the Prussian blue flower-like nano-structure electrode material. The preparation method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the specific surface area is remarkably enlarged so that reaction sites of electrolyte and the electrode material are effectively increased and an ion diffusion distance is reduced; when the Prussian blue flower-like nano-structure electrode material is used as a positive electrode active material of a sodium ion battery, the material has the characteristics of high power and good cycling stability.

The invention provides an anode of a high-energy lithium / thionyl chloride battery and a preparation method of the anode. The anode of the high-energy lithium / thionyl chloride battery contains acetylene black, a teflon emulsion, absolute ethyl alcohol and conductive carbon fiber, wherein the mass ratio of the acetylene black to the teflon emulsion to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 10: (0.8-1.2): (53-57), and the carbon fiber accounts for 8-12 percent of the acetylene black by mass. By virtue of the excellent conductivity of the carbon fiber, the charge transfer situation of active particles on the surface of the carbon anode is remarkably improved, the transmission of reaction ions and ionic charges is dredged, the anode electron conduction capability is improved, the passivation and deactivation process is retarded and the capacity and the working voltage of the lithium / thionyl chloride battery is improved, and therefore the high-energy lithium / thionyl chloride battery is very suitable for a battery using environment at -40-71 DEG C.

The invention discloses a plasma-type tungsten oxide-modified graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet composite photocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite photocatalyst comprises a plasma-type tungsten oxide and a graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet. The plasma-type tungsten oxide attaches to the surface of the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet. The plasma-type tungsten oxide is W18O49. The preparation method comprises mixing the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet and a tungsten hexacarbonyl solution to obtain a precursor mixed solution and preparing a composite photocatalyst through a hydrothermal reaction. The composite photocatalyst has the advantages of high photocatalytic activity, wide photoresponse range, stable photocatalytic performance and good recyclability. The preparation method has the advantages of simple processes, operation easiness and low cost. The composite photocatalyst can be used for treating antibiotic waste water, can be used through a simple method, realizes a low cost, has a high removal rate, effectively degrades antibiotics in waste water and has a good application prospect.

The invention discloses a bismuth vanadate composite photocatalyst jointly loaded by cuprous oxide and sliver and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite photocatalyst takes bismuth vanadate particles as carriers, cuprous oxide particles are modified on the surfaces of the bismuth vanadate particles to form a cuprous oxide loaded bismuth vanadate composite material, and sliver nano-particles are modified on the surface of the cuprous oxide loaded bismuth vanadate composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the mixture of the bismuth vanadate and copper acetate, preparing the cuprous oxide loaded bismuth vanadate composite material, and carrying out silver loading. The composite photocatalyst has the advantages of high photocatalytic activity and good stability. The preparation method of the bismuth vanadate composite photocatalyst has the advantages of simple preparation process, convenience in operation, low cost and the like. The composite photocatalyst can be used for processing antibiotic waste water and has the advantages of simple application process, high photocatalytic efficiency, high final mineralization degree for antibiotics, good photocatalysis stability, good reutilization performance and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries and in particular relates to a method for preparing a graphene-based hollow tin dioxide lithium ion battery negative electrode material. According to the graphene-based hollow tin dioxide lithium ion battery negative electrode material prepared by the method disclosed by the invention, the hollow structure can provide a full buffer space for the volume change in the charge-discharge cycle process, and the lithium-ion storage space is increased. Meanwhile, the hollow tin dioxide has high specific surface area, the reaction sites can be increased, the lithium ion diffusion distance is reduced, and the specific capacity and cycle performance of the electrode material are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass materials and discloses a lignin-based bimetallic functionalized carbon material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides the preparation method of the lignin-based metal functionalized carbon material. The method carrying out carboxylation modification on lignin, coordinating with transition metal to form a metal carboxylated lignin-based supramolecular precursor, co-doping with nonmetal heteroatoms, and carrying out high-temperature carbonization. The method comprises the following steps: S1, coordinating and combining carboxylated lignin with an iron and cobalt metal salt solution to obtain a bimetal carboxylated lignin-based supramolecular precursor; and S2, carrying out non-metal doping andhigh-temperature carbonization treatment on the metal lignin-based supramolecular precursor to obtain the modified lignin-based metal functionalized carbon material. An electrocatalytic oxygen evolution electrode prepared from the carboxylated lignin-based metal functionalized carbon material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention shows excellent catalytic activity.

The invention discloses a high-capacity lithium ion battery anode material 0.5Li2MnO3*0.5LiMn1 / 3Ni1 / 3Co1 / 3O2 and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes the steps: adding lithium salt, manganese salt, nickel salt and cobalt salt into distilled water according to a weight ratio, stirring and heating the salt and the distilled water and completely dissolving metal salt; adding polyethylene glycol and H2C2O4 solution, and performing temperature reaction to obtain pink deposit; heating the deposit to reach 450-500 DEG C after vacuum drying, keeping the constant temperature for 3-5h, taking out the mixture, uniformly grinding and pressing the mixture after cooling, heating the mixture again to reach 800-1000 DEG C and keeping the constant temperature for 8-12h. The high-capacity lithium ion battery anode material 0.5Li2MnO3*0.5LiMn1 / 3Ni1 / 3Co1 / 3O2 obtained by the preparation method is low in first irreversible capacity loss, high in charge-discharge capacity and fine in cycle performance.

The invention belongs to the technical fields of polymeric composite materials and sewage treatment, and concretely relates to a floatable magnetic polymeric composite material, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The composite material is composed of a composite of a magnetic nano-iron oxide compound or a magnetic nano-iron sulfide compound and a nano-zinc sulfide or nano-zinc sulfide compound. Above magnetic nano-materials make the composite material directly recovered by an iron screen after being used in order to fundamentally remove heavy metals, so the composite materialcan be easily recycled; nano-zinc sulfide or its composite material has a large specific surface area, so the response range of the composite material to visible lights is widened, and the separationof photogenerated electrons and holes is promoted; and the composite material can float on the water surface and fully utilize the sunlight and oxygen in air, so the composite material has strong ability to photocatalytically degrade organic pollutants. The composite material has the advantages of simple preparation method, low cost and wide application range, and can be directly biodegraded in the environment after being used.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-strength high-barrier TPU composite material, and belongs to the technical field of polymer composite material synthesis. According to the method, carrying out a reaction between polytetramethylene ether glycol and 4, 4 '-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate to obtain an isocyanate-terminated TPU prepolymer, adding modified graphene oxide into the TPU prepolymer, and taking the modified graphene oxide and 1, 4-butanediol as a compound chain extender to participate in an in-situ polymerization process, so as to complete a chain extension reaction, thereby obtaining the high-strength and high-barrier TPU composite material. The modified graphene oxide enables reaction sites of a reaction system to be increased; the crosslinking degree of the composite material is improved, and a large number of covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds exist in the prepared TPU composite material, so that the dispersity of the modified graphene oxide in a TPU matrix is good, the interface bonding force with the TPU matrix is enhanced, and the barrier property and the mechanical property of the TPU composite material are improved.

The invention belongs to the organic battery technology in the field of electrochemical energy storage, and relates to a method for modifying a graphite felt electrode by manganese dioxide which can achieve the large-scale production, in particular to a method for modifying the graphite felt electrode for an organic flow battery. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, processing graphite felt through supersonic-acid mixing, so that the surface area of graphite fibers is increased and the reaction sites of a graphite electrode are increased, and the surface of the graphite fiber isnot obviously broken; growing manganese dioxide on the surfaces of the graphite fibers, so that the electrochemical reaction catalytic activity of the graphite fibers is enhanced, and the battery capacity and the energy efficiency are improved. The method is simple and easy to operate, can realize large-scale production, is low in application cost, and provides an electrode material treatment approach with greatly improved performance for preparation of the organic flow battery.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nickel sulfide nanorod loaded hollow biological carbon shell supercapacitor; specifically, biological yeast is added into a mixed solution of glutaraldehyde and deionized water to be subjected to hydrothermal reaction for 12h at 180 DEG C, and a brown red sample is collected by centrifugal drying. The collected sample is then added into a muffle furnace to be heated to 300 DEG C at the heating rate of 1 DEG C / min and the temperature is kept for 1h; the collected black sample is placed into a tubular furnace to be heated to 800 DEG C at the heating rate of 2 DEG C / min and the temperature is kept for 3h to obtain a hollow nitrogen-doped biological carbon shell. The hollow nitrogen-doped biological carbon shell is added to a mixed solution ofnickel nitrate, thiourea and sodium phosphite to carry out ultrasonic wave and stirring treatment; then hydrothermal reaction is performed at 180 DEG C for 6 hours, and then centrifugal drying is carried out to obtain a NiS / NHCS composite sample. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that green and environment-friendly cheap biological yeast is used in the preparation process; the hollow nitrogen-doped biological carbon shell is coated with nickel sulfide so as to better improve the specific capacity, the rate performance and the stability of the nickel sulfide.In the long-time oxidation reaction process, the damage of the loaded nickel sulfide nanorod to the hollow nitrogen-doped biological carbon shell is reduced, the specific surface area is enlarged, the conductivity of the composite material is increased, and the prepared composite material has high rate performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of composite electrode materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a molybdenum-doped flaky CoSe2 / graphene composite electrode material. The method comprises the steps: performing hydrothermal reaction, taking cobalt nitrate as a cobalt source, taking hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a surfactant,and carrying out a one-step reaction to obtain a CoSe2 precursor; doping molybdenum ions into the CoSe2 precursor in a molten state through a calcination method, selenizing the precursor through selenium steam, and reducing graphene oxide into graphene at the same time to obtain the molybdenum-doped flaky CoSe2 / graphene composite electrode material. When the prepared electrode material is assembled into a lithium ion battery, the specific capacitance shown by the electrode material reaches up to 996 mAh g<-1>, and the material can be used as a lithium ion battery negative electrode material.

The invention provides a phenolic-resin-modified silicon-based negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery and a preparation method of the phenolic-resin-modified silicon-based negative electrode material. The material is prepared by modifying silicon nanoparticles by using phenolic resin and then carrying out pyrolysis. In other words, the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out phenolic resin crosslinking on the surfaces of silicon nanoparticles, coating the silicon nanoparticles with the crosslinked phenolic resin, and carrying out pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere to obtain a porous carbon coated nanometer silicon composite material, i.e., the phenolic resin modified silicon-based negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery. The electrical conductivity and the volume change of the porous carbon-coated nano silicon composite material in the charging and discharging process are obviously improved when being compared with that of silicon nanoparticles. Moreover, the capacity retention capability is high, and the electrochemical performance is excellent. In addition, green and low-cost phenolic resin is used as a coating material in the preparation process, the preparation method is simple, raw materials are easy to obtain, conditions are mild, batch production can be achieved, and the good industrial preparation prospect is achieved.

The invention relates to a method for remediating nickel and chlorinated organic compound combined polluted environmental water. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing bentonite-loaded zero-valent iron, namely, mixing bentonite, FeSO4.7H2O and NaBH4; stirring and reacting; washing with deoxidized water and ethyl alcohol; then freezing and drying in vacuum to obtain the bentonite-loaded zero-valent iron; (2) adjusting pH of Ni(II) and chlorinated organic compound combined polluted water to be 3-7; (3) adding the bentonite-loaded zero-valent iron prepared in step (1) to the combined polluted water in step (2) under inert gas protection. The method is simple in processes, low in cost, and free from secondary pollution to the environment, and is a simple, effective and low-cost method for remediating Ni(II) and chlorinated organic compound combined polluted water.

The invention provides a modified diaphragm for a lithium sulfur battery and a preparation method of the modified diaphragm, and belongs to the technical field of energy materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps that a polar barrier layer is coated on a diaphragm matrix to prepare a novel diaphragm, wherein the polar barrier layer is an NiCo2O4@rGO composite material composedof flake-shaped reduced graphite oxide and polar cobalt oxide nano-particles, wherein the material has a three-dimensional porous structure, so that the specific surface area of the material is increased, the loading capacity of the sulfur powder is increased, and on the premise that the normal transmission of the lithium ions is not influenced, the shuttling of the polysulfide can be effectivelyblocked, the conductivity is improved, and the self polarity is kept while certain mechanical performance can be maintained; and the modified diaphragm can be stably and firmly in contact with a common diaphragm, is not easy to fall off in electrochemical reaction, is low in manufacturing cost and is suitable for large-scale production.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a three-dimensional-network-shaped gradient composite functional film, and a product thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: spraying a nanometer microcrystalline cellulose suspension onto the surface of a nanofiber substrate, and carrying out drying and molding so as to form the gradient composite functional film. The prepared gradient composite functional film has a great specific surface area, a small pore size, high porosity and a large number of reaction bits. A heavy metal ion adsorption material prepared by subjecting the film and polybasic carboxylic acid to surface grafting has a heavy metal ion adsorption rate of no less than 99%; and the disadvantages of complex process, high cost and proneness to secondary pollution of common metal ion chelating agent processes are overcome. An organic matter degrading material prepared by subjecting the film and a photocatalyst to surface grafting has an organic matter removal rate of no less than 99% and has an antibiosis rate of 99.9999% after ultraviolet irradiation for 10 min.

The invention relates to a ruthenium dioxide quantum dot modified vanadium pentoxide nano material and a preparation method of the material. The material is prepared by the preparation method comprising the following steps: (1) dissolving vanadium pentoxide powder into deionized water, adding hydrogen peroxide and stirring; (2) adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and stirring; (3) adding ruthenium chloride and continuously stirring; (4) transferring the solution obtained in the step (3) to a reactor, performing hydrothermal reaction, taking out the reactor, and naturally cooling to room temperature; (5) centrifuging, separating, washing and drying the product obtained in the step (4) to obtain a precursor; and 6) calcining in a muffle furnace to obtain the bowknot-shaped ruthenium dioxide quantum dot modified vanadium pentoxide nano material. The material and the preparation method have the beneficial effects that the bowknot-shaped ruthenium dioxide quantum dot modified vanadium pentoxide nano material is obtained by a one-step method based on unique advantages of quantum dots and ruthenium dioxide, and the process is simple, the requirement of green chemistry is met and the equipment requirement is low, so that market promotion is facilitated.

The invention discloses an iron oxide doped iron metal organic framework material and a green macro preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps:(1) grinding and mixing ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and trimesic acid evenly, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, transferring to a micro wave reaction kettle, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, heating, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixed liquid; and (2) washing the mixed liquid obtained in the step (1), centrifuging to obtain a solid, washing the obtained solid, and drying in vacuum to obtain the iron oxide doped iron metal organic framework material. A heterogeneous catalyst is synthesized by a microwave solid-phase co-crystallization method, the synthesis cycle is greatly shortened, the synthesis process is green, environmentally friendly and efficient, and the synthesized iron oxide doped iron metal organic framework material can make full use of an unsaturated metal site to efficiently activate persulfate to degrade organic pollutants, avoid the generation of iron mud, reduce the cost of synthesis of the heterogeneous catalyst material and the cost of degradationof organic pollutants, and improve water environment quality.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a porous silicon / ZnO nanorod composite photo-anode. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) ultrasonic-washing a porous silicon substrate successively in acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water, and treating by using potassium permanganate solution, washing, to obtain the completely washed porous silicon substrate; (2)preparing uniform aqueous solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, adding hexamine, stirring, to obtain uniformly mixed solution; and (3) enabling the porous silicon substrate to be vertically immergedin the mixed solution, performing a water bath reaction, washing, and airing, to obtain the porous silicon / ZnO nanorod composite photo-anode. The preparation method is simple, and low in cost. A ZnO seed crystal is not needed, and porous silicon is selected as the substrate. An obtained sample has very high light current density.

The present invention is directed to the administration of copper to an animal using a composition containing copper dextran. A method is described for increasing the copper levels in an animal by the administration of a composition containing copper dextran. A preferred method of administration is intra muscularly. The use of this composition has been found to both address copper deficiencies in an animal, particularly deer.

The invention provides a method for preparing a grafted propene polymer by solid-phase grafting through an ultra-high-molecular-weight ultra-fine-grain-size propene polymer and the grafted propene polymer prepared by the method. The effective grafting rate of a grafting monomer is greater than 0.5%; a basic polymer is a propene polymer; the propene polymer is power and is in the shape of spherical particles, the average grain size is 10 mu m-200 mu m, the standard difference is 2 mu m-15 mu m, and the bulk density is 0.1 g / mL-0.4 g / mL; and the viscosity-average molecular weight (Mv) of the propene polymer is greater than 1*106. The method is simple in process, relatively low in cost and simple to operate. Industrial production is realized easily. Aspects of thermal property, mechanical property and polarity of the grafted propene polymer are improved obviously, and the original excellent properties of the grafted propene polymer are maintained.

The invention provides a method for preparing a grafted polymer by performing solid-phase grafting on ultrafine polyolefin and the grafted polymer prepared by the method. The method comprises the following steps: adding polyolefin, a grafting monomer, an initiator and an interfacial agent into a container, and uniformly stirring and mixing the materials; heating for solid-phase grafting reaction; obtaining the grafted polymer, wherein the polyolefin is granular, and the average particle size is 20 to 300 microns; a standard deviation is 2 to 15 microns. Compared with other methods for preparing high-grafting-rate grafted polymer, the method provided by the invention is simpler and more effective, and is easy to operate; the heat performance, the mechanical property, the polarity and the like of the grafted polymer are obviously improved, and the original good performance of the polyolefin is retained.

The invention discloses demethylated lignin liquid modified phenolic resin as well as a preparation method and application thereof in phenolic foam. The pH value of the modified phenolic resin is 8.3-8.6, the solid content is 75%-80%, the viscosity is 1800-4000cp, and the gelation time is 80-100 seconds. The method has the following advantages that: (1) microwave assistance is adopted, the ligninis demethylated by using haloid acid, the reaction sites of the demethylated lignin are increased, and the solvent used for lignin modification is phenol, so that the demethylated lignin liquid does not need to be further treated and can directly replace phenol to prepare phenolic resin and phenolic foam, and therefore, the production process of the resin and foam is simplified; and (2) compared with unmodified lignin-based phenolic foam, the phenolic foam prepared by the method in the invention has lower heat conductivity coefficient, stronger mechanical property and higher oxygen index, andhas a market application prospect.