169results about How to "Porosity" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for preparing spongy graphene oxide by using a freeze-drying method, which is in a loose and porous type and is in a spongy type in a macro-morphology. The method comprises the steps of: after an improved Hummers process is utilized to prepare graphite oxide, preparing graphite oxide into a solution with water or ethanol, and then carrying out quick-freezing and vacuumizing on the solution, and sublimating a solvent to obtain the graphene oxide. The graphene oxide is different from general blocky, film type or powdery graphene oxide. The obtained loose and porous graphene oxide provided by the invention is in a spongy type, is an excellent precursor for preparing graphene, and has a great application foreground in the field of an anti-flaming composite material, an adsorbent and the like. The method for preparing spongy graphene oxide by using a freeze-drying method is free from environmental pollution, convenient in technology and small damage to graphite oxide sheets, and completely strips graphite oxide; and the porosity of the graphene oxide is 20-90% and the pore distribution is uniform.

The invention discloses a submerged plant planting device, comprising a buoyancy layer, connection ropes, a submerged plant planting layer, a fixed rope an and anchor, wherein the buoyancy layer is formed by a peripheral frame and 12-20 float bowls fixed on the peripheral frame; the submerged plant planting layer is formed by 10-30 planting bricks connected through connecting pegs; each planting brick is formed by a hollow frame and planting matrix filled into the hollow frame, and can adapt to a plurality of submerged plant propagule such as sprouts, clints, seeds and the like; the buoyancy layer is connected with the submerged plant planting layer through four connection ropes; a connecting peg is arranged at the center part of the submerged plant planting layer and connected with the fixed rope; the other end of the fixed rope is connected with the anchor and arranged at the water bottom; the submerged plant planting layer floats up and down along with water-level fluctuation, but the distance to the water level is kept constant all the time. The planting brick structure and the submerged plant root are good to fit, the device is stable in form for a long period of time, the effect on the submerged plant caused by drastic change of water level and stormy waves can be effectively avoided, and the overall device is simple to assemble, and free of labor management in the actual operation process.

The invention discloses a quick-dry thin acrylic-acid protective coating, which mainly consists of water, cosolvent, acrylic-acid like emulsion, filler, quick dry agent, hole forming agent, dispersing agent, wetting agent, defoamer, flatting agent and thickener and the like. The invention further discloses an HDPE (high-density polyethylene) self-adhesive film waterproof protective coating layer, which is formed after the quick-dry thin acrylic-acid protective coating is sprayed on a HDPE self-adhesive layer uniformly by a reciprocating mechanical spraying method and drying the same. The quick-dry thin acrylic-acid protective coating is environment-friendly and non-toxic and can be dried quickly and has excellent flatting performance, and an HDPE self-adhesive film waterproof roll prepared by the HDPE self-adhesive film waterproof roll protecting layer has excellent pre-paving anti-adhesive effect with post-cast concrete, and the HDPE self-adhesive film waterproof roll protective layer and the post-cast concrete can be guaranteed to be adhered stably and firmly.

The invention provides a preparation method of fluorescent ceramic containing an aluminum oxide matrix. The preparation method sequentially comprises the following steps: mixing aluminum oxide, fluorescent powder and a sintering additive and removing impurities to obtain fluorescent ceramic precursor powder; then sintering the powder under an oxygen-free atmosphere to obtain the fluorescent ceramic. The grain diameter of each component is selected to be a pre-set size and the fluorescent ceramic precursor powder is subjected to high-pressure treatment in a sintering process; the sintering additive and corresponding nitrate are used as raw materials for introducing oxide. By adopting the preparation method provided by the invention, the aluminum oxide enters a liquid phase at relatively low temperature under the condition that the fluorescent powder has an unchanged crystal new look in a preparation process and the uniform and dense fluorescent ceramic with low porosity is obtained; the heat-conducting performance and luminous efficiency of the fluorescent ceramic are extremely improved.

The invention particularly relates to a composite organic nursery substrate and a production method thereof. The substrate adopts leftovers of edible fungi and peanut shells as main materials, adopts peat, vermiculite, rice husk ash and attapulgite as accessories and adopts water retention agents, green fertilizers and ferrous sulfate as additives. The volume ratio of the main materials is 40-60:20-30 in sequence, the accessories are 5-20% of the main materials and the additives are in proper quantities. The production process of the substrate is as follows: decomposition pretreatment is carried on the main materials; the accessories and additives are added according to the volume ratio and are stirred evenly until the mixture passes test to be a qualified finished product. The substrate of the invention has good quality, rapid and neat emergence of seedlings, healthy plant growth and good water retention. The fertilizer efficiency can last for 30-50 days, enough for the growing development of the seedling stage, thus simplifying the management of labor power on plug seedling. Meanwhile, with good buffer action, the substrate can be widely applied to seedling culture of various organisms such as vegetables, flowers, cotton, rice, tobacco and nursery stocks, etc.

The invention discloses a special PU (polyurethane) plate for an automobile roof and prepared by a one-step wet method. The special PU plate is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight, namely 100 parts of a mixture of polyether polyol and polyester polyol, 1-3 parts of mixed sillicon oil, 0.1-0.5 part of amine catalyst, 5-20 parts of mixed foaming agent, 0.1-0.3 part of delaying catalyst and 1.0-2.0 parts of pore forming agent, to obtain a material A, performing reaction of the material A and 140-175 parts of modifying material B to obtain a big foamed block, and slicing. The special PU plate is applicable to the automobile roof manufactured by the one-step wet method; and the special PU plate is good in toughness, high in size stability and low in cost.

The invention discloses a regulation and control method of mechanical strength of natural biologic material products. A final product is obtained by the treating steps of freezing and drying, compression, crosslinking and secondary drying on natural biologic material solution. The treating method adopts the controllable compression step for a primary product after freezing and drying, thereby controlling the density of a porous material product, reducing the porosity of the porous material product and controlling the mechanical performance of the final product by the step. Meanwhile, the adopted method does not influence the biologic performance of the initial natural biologic material, thereby still keeping better biologic activity of the final product.

The invention belongs to a wet material granulation principle and an equipment combination process, and particularly relates to a combined-type granulator. The combined-type granulator comprises a plurality of layers of combined box bodies, a temporary storage feed bin and a plurality of layers and groups of roller mills. Each group of roller mills is equipped with a rotary joint, a cleaning blade, an elastic stripping frame, a material baffle and a guide plate; a waste gas emptying interface is also arranged on each of the box bodies, and an air inlet at a lowest layer of the granulator is arranged on a bracket. The linear velocity of a tooth surface and the flow rate of volume of a rotary drum of each of the roller mills at a second layer are higher than those of a rotary drum of each of the roller mills at a first layer, and the linear velocity of a tooth surface and the flow rate of volume of a rotary drum with a reticular tooth socket or a single radial tooth socket of each of the roller mills at an adjacent lower layer are designed according to the volume properties of materials in the area. According to the granulator disclosed by the invention, hard foreign matters can be stripped, and simple granulation of soft materials in a cream state, a paste state, a slurry state and the like can be realized; meanwhile, caky and blocky materials can be pulled into monomer granules, soft and hard materials can simultaneously enter into the granulator, and granules at an outlet have a plurality of pores and are in an irregular shape.

The invention discloses an environmentally-friendly energy-saving polyurethane spraying composite material with ultralow density, which comprises the following components in part by weight: 20-60 parts of polyether polyol which takes glycerol as an initiator, 3-10 parts of amine catalyst, 0.5-3.0 parts of foam stabilizer, 22-30 parts of water, 30-45 parts of fire retardant and 95-120 parts of isocyanate. In the environmentally-friendly energy-saving polyurethane spraying composite material, pure water is used for replacing the traditional hydro chlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)-141b foaming agent, and the environmentally-friendly energy-saving polyurethane spraying composite material is an environmentally-friendly energy-saving polyurethane spraying foam with the ultralow density. The polyurethane spraying composite material has the ultralow density which can reach 5-10kg/m3. Because the polyurethane spraying composite material has tapping performance, the sound absorption performance can reach 70%. Meanwhile, the oxygen index of the environmentally-friendly energy-saving polyurethane spraying composite material reaches 23 and can pass the Society of Tool and Manufacturing Engineers (ASTME)-84 authentication.

A method for forming a porous dielectric material layer in an electronic structure and the structure formed are disclosed. In the method, a porous dielectric layer in a semiconductor device can be formed by first forming a non-porous dielectric layer, then partially curing, patterning by reactive ion etching, and final curing the non-porous dielectric layer at a higher temperature than the partial curing temperature to transform the non-porous dielectric material into a porous dielectric material, thus achieving a dielectric material that has significantly improved dielectric constant, i.e. smaller than 2.6. The non-porous dielectric material may be formed by embedding a thermally stable dielectric material such as methyl silsesquioxane, hydrogen silsesquioxane, benzocyclobutene or aromatic thermoset polymers with a second phase polymeric material therein such that, at the higher curing temperature, the second phase polymeric material substantially volatilizes to leave voids behind forming a void-filled dielectric material.

The invention discloses a low-pressure and low-humidity gas diffusion layer, a fuel cell and a preparation method. The gas diffusion layer comprises a conductive porous substrate layer, a hydrophobiclow-humidity adaptation layer and a micro-porous low-pressure adaptation layer. The conductive porous substrate layer includes a carbon fiber substrate sub-layer, a compressive sub-layer and uniformlydistributed conductive particles. The hydrophobic low-humidity adaptation layer is at least formed on the surface of the conductive porous substrate layer, and can lock a part of water to keep a proton exchange membrane wet in a low-humidity (0-70%) operation environment. The micro-porous low-pressure adaptation layer includes a porous material which is formed on one side of the hydrophobic low-humidity adaptation layer and uniformly distributed. The micro-porous low-pressure adaptation layer is hydrophobic, and the pores can ensure that the fuel permeates the gas diffusion layer and reachesthe proton exchange membrane to participate in the reaction in a low-pressure (0-75kPa) operation environment. Through the technical scheme, the mechanical strength of the gas diffusion layer can be improved, the gas diffusion layer has excellent gas diffusion performance and drainage performance, the fuel cell is enabled to operate stably in low-pressure and low-humidity environments, and technical support is provided for the adjustment of the bulk resistance.

A dephosphorization and denitrification integrated material prepared based on a battering method mainly consists of the following materials according to mass ratio: 2 to 4 percent of fly ash, 0.3 to 0.7 percent of steel slag, 0.3 to 0.7 percent of zeolite powder, 1 to 3 percent of binder, and the balance of zeolite particles. Aiming at problems existing in the current sewage and wastewater treatment, the invention provides a composite material with dephosphorization and denitrification functions simultaneously, and a preparation method thereof; and compared with the existing sewage and wastewater treatment materials, the novel composite material not only can protect the environment and realize the reclamation of wastes, but also can obtain good social and economic benefits.

A solid oxide fuel cell having a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte film, an air electrode, and a conductive current-collecting mesh bonded to an upper surface, opposite to a lower bonding surface with the solid electrolyte film, of the air electrode. Plural bonding portions that are bonded to the current-collecting mesh and plural non-bonding portions that are not bonded to the current-collecting mesh are present on the upper surface of the air electrode. In the air electrode, regions having a porosity smaller than a porosity of the other region are respectively formed on the position in the middle of the thickness of the air electrode from each bonding portion. The average of the porosity of the dense portion is 20% or more and less than 35%, while the average of the porosity of the porous portion is 35% or more and less than 55%.

The present invention discloses a deep circulation storage battery container formation diachylon, and is to solve the technical problem of short circulation life of conventional storage batteries. The diachylon of the present invention includes a positive diachylon and a negative diachylon. The positive diachylon includes the components by weight: 0.15-0.42% of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.25-0.42% of anisotropy graphite, 0.15-0.25% of potassium sulfate, 0.30-0.42% of stannous sulfate, 0.07-0.10% of polyester staple fibers, 6.5-7.5% of dilute sulfuric acid, 9-10% of water, and 80.89-83.58% of a lead powder; and the negative diachylon includes the components by weight: 0.50-0.70% of barium sulfate, 0.20-0.45% of acetylene black, 0.15-0.25% of lignin, 6.00-6.50% of dilute sulfuric acid, 9-10% of water, and 82.10-84.15% of a lead powder.

The invention provides a water glass curing agent and a preparation method and application thereof. The water glass curing agent comprises aluminum phosphate, zinc oxide modified shell powder, powderysilicic acid/silica fume and barium sulfate according to a mass ratio of aluminum phosphate to zinc oxide modified shell powder of (4-7): (1-2), a mass ratio of aluminum phosphate to powdery silicicacid/silica fume of 7: (1-2) and a mass ratio of aluminum phosphate to barium sulfate of (4-7): (0.5-1). Through loading and sintering, the novel water glass curing agent is prepared. The preparationmethod realizes initial control of a curing speed of water glass and improves the water resistance and toughness after curing.

The invention relates to a calcium sulfate spherical particle alveolar bone repair material and a preparation method thereof. The calcium sulfate spherical particle alveolar bone repair material is mainly used for alveolar bone defect repair and also can be used for other bone defect repair, and belongs to the field of biomedical material. The calcium sulfate spherical particle alveolar bone repair material is characterized in that active ingredients are prepared from the following raw materials: (a) calcium sulfate, (b) molding liquid, and (c) surface modification liquid; and the size of the spherical particle is 0.5-2.0mm. The calcium sulfate is alpha type hemihydrate calcium sulfate powder. The surface modification liquid is soluble silicate aqueous solution. The calcium sulfate spherical particle alveolar bone repair material and the preparation method thereof have the following advantages: the provided calcium sulfate spherical particle alveolar bone repair material has the advantages of being excellent in biological activity, being capable of completely being degraded for a controllable period, and the like; good space can be provided for the growth of bone cells through big holes with the diameters of 183-732 microns produced by piling of spherical calcium sulfate particles in specific sizes; and the material is simple in preparation technology, short in preparation period and low in cost.

The invention belongs to the field of material preparation, and mainly relates to lanthanum-series porous coordination polymers based on C2v symmetrical ligands, and a synthesis method and an application thereof. A series of fluorescent porous coordination polymers based on the C2v symmetrical ligands with gradually increased conjugacy are designed and synthesized, and the synthesis method is simple, convenient and easy to implement. The prepared novel lanthanum-series porous coordination polymers have good fluorescent properties; by adjusting the ligands and lanthanide elements, chrominance between pink and blue light can be adjusted; based on relatively high quenching coefficient, the polymers can be used for molecular recognition. Single crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the pore size and the pore volume are controlled by the system, and the prepared porous coordination polymers have potential applications in highly-effective adsorption and release of iodine.

A preparation method of a novel graphene-molecular sieve composite gas purifying material comprises the following steps: 1) activating a 3A molecular sieve; 2) activating a graphene oxide, and obtaining a graphene suspension through ultrasonic dispersion; 3) adding the activated 3A molecular sieve and the graphene suspension into a hydrothermal reaction kettle according to a mass ratio ranging from (1:5) to (1:20), performing a hydrothermal reaction for 8-12h at 180-220 DEG C, filtering and drying a reaction product, and vacuumizing in a vacuum drying box to obtain the graphene-molecular sieve composite gas purifying material. The graphene-molecular sieve composite gas purifying material prepared according to the preparation method solves the problems in aspects of the specific surface area and the selectivity of the conventional adsorbent material, and has permanent porosity and pore diversity. The invention further provides the novel graphene-molecular sieve composite gas purifying material prepared according to the preparation method.

The invention discloses a coarse-cell polyurethane foam board produced with a wet method. The foam board is characterized in that: the foam board is produced from materials of, by weight: 100 parts of a mixture of 2-5 types of polyether glycol or 2-3 types of polyether glycol and 1-2 types of polyester polyol, 1-2 parts of 1-2 types of hard-bubble silicone oil, 0.1-0.5 parts of 2-3 types of aminecatalysts, 5-20 parts of a foaming agent, 0.5-1.5 parts of mixed silicone oil, 0.1-0.3 parts of a delayed action catalyst, 1.0-2.0 parts of an open-cell agent, and 120-160 parts of coarse MDI. The produced polyurethane foam board has cell sizes of 1-1.5mm. With the foam board, molding production efficiency of car inner decorative ceilings is improved by above 30%, and a rejection rate of the car inner decorative ceiling molding production is reduced by above 5%.

The invention belongs to the field of lithium battery preparation, and specifically relates to a manganese dioxide sulfur-carbon positive electrode and a preparation method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) adopting a vapor deposition method, and uniformly mixing sublimed sulfur powder and conductive agent powder to obtain a sulfur-carbon composite material; 2) mixing the sulfur-carbon composite material obtained in the step 1), powdered sulfur, manganese dioxide, a dispersing agent and a binder, using 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) as a solvent, sufficiently and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed sizing agent; 3) uniformly coating the mixed sizing agent on the surface of a positive electrode current collector to form a positive electrode coating layer, then heating and drying at the temperature of 60 to 130 DEG C so as to obtain a primary manganese dioxide sulfur-carbon core-shell structure positive electrode; and 4) heating the pole piece of the primary manganese dioxide sulfur-carbon core-shell structure positive electrode obtained in the step 3) in a nitrogen environment, and carrying out in situ sublimation so that sulfur grows on a sulfur-carbon shell of the primary manganese dioxide sulfur-carbon core-shell structure to complete sulfur fixation, and thus forming a secondary manganese dioxide sulfur-carbon core-shell structure.

The invention relates to an ecological floating island phosphorous removal composite medium and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following specific preparation processes: S1, respectively carrying out drying pretreatment on aluminum sludge, steel slag and a coconut shell fiber, grinding into powder, and mixing so as to obtain aluminum sludge powder, steel slag powder and coconut shell fiber powder; S2, weighing the following components made in the step S1 in percentage by weight: 40-50% of the aluminum sludge powder, 20-30% of the steel slag powder, 10-20% ofthe coconut shell fiber powder, 5-10% of an adhesive and 5-10% of starch for later use; S3, mixing the aluminum sludge powder, the steel slag powder and the coconut shell fiber powder weighed in the step S2 so as to obtain first mixed powder; S4, sufficiently stirring the adhesive and the starch weighed in the step S2 with the first mixed powder made in the step S3, adding water, carrying out pelletizing and medium/high temperature thermal treatment, and cooling, thereby obtaining ecological floating island phosphorous removal composite medium granules. The ecological floating island phosphorous removal composite medium has the advantages of being low in cost, good in phosphorous removal effect, effective in waste resource recycling, and good in pore structure.

The invention discloses a cordierite compound ceramic filter element. The cordierite compound ceramic filter element is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 13-15 parts of cordierite, 9-11 parts of mullite, 6-8 parts of silochrom, 4-7 parts of smectite, 8-10 parts of activated alumina, 3-5 parts of calcium sulfate, 2-3 parts of dimethyl silicon oil, 3-4 parts of sodium alginate, 3-5 parts of palm fibers, 2-3 parts of urea, 5-7 parts of modifying coconut active charcoal, and the defined amount of water. The cordierite compound ceramic filter element provided by the invention has the advantages that the silochrom is added, so that the adsorptive property and heat stability are good, the chemical property is stable, and the mechanical strength is high; the palm fibers are added, so that the tenacity of the filter element is added, meanwhile, the cordierite compound ceramic filter element has a porous property, and the filtering adsorptive property is improved; the modifying coconut active charcoal is added, so that the gap structure is developed, the adsorptive property is good, the intensity is high, the regeneration is easy, and the cordierite compound ceramic filter element is economical and durable, is long in service life, is corrosion-proof and can be used for air adsorption filtration.

The invention relates to uniform ultra-microporous activated carbon for gas separation and a preparation method of the uniform ultra-microporous activated carbon. According to the technical scheme of the preparation method, mixing semi-coke with KOH in a mass ratio being 1: (0.01-0.2), adding water and an activating aid to impregnate the mixture for 1-36 h; increasing the temperature to 800-950 DEG C in a programmed manner under N2 protection, controlling thermal decomposition, and introducing water for activation of part of steam for 0.5h-1.5h; finally, washing the mixture with acid and water until the mixture is neutral to obtain the uniform ultra-microporous activated carbon. The pore size is distributed centrally between 0.45 and 0.55 nm, the pores belong to ultra-micropores and have microporosity of 70% or more, and the adsorption capacity of hydrogen is 77cm<3>/g or higher. The semi-coke is taken as a raw material, low in price and low in energy consumption and needs not to be carbonized; an activation method integrates KOH impregnation pretreatment and activation of part of steam, little KOH is consumed, and the activation method has the characteristics of being low in cost and pollution, helpful for reducing corrosion of equipment and the like. The activated carbon prepared with the method has the characteristics of uniform pore size distribution, extremely rich ultra-microporous structure and the like, and can be used in gas separation fields such as pressure swing adsorption hydrogen making or hydrogen storage and the like.

The invention discloses a sludge dewatering and drying device and method, and belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, wherein the device comprises a heating pre-dewatering chamber, upper-layer filter cloth, lower-layer filter cloth and a high-pressure dewatering assembly, the upper-layer filter cloth and the lower-layer filter cloth penetrate through a sludge conveying channel formed by the heating pre-dewatering chamber; the upper-layer filter cloth and the lower-layer filter cloth are fed and collected along the channel; the heating pre-dewatering chamber is provided with a feeding hole for inputting sludge; sliding rollers are arranged on the outer sides of the upper-layer filter cloth and the lower-layer filter cloth; the heating pre-dewatering chamber is provided with a flue gas inlet for heating and conditioning sludge in a filter cloth interlayer on line to realize heating and pre-dewatering; a high-pressure dewatering assembly is arranged at one end of the heating pre-dewatering chamber and comprises a high-pressure dewatering tank and a matched hydraulic cylinder, a circulating material distribution mechanism is arranged on the high-pressure dewatering tank tofold the interlayer filter cloth in the high-pressure dewatering tank in a reciprocating mode, and the hydraulic cylinder presses the multiple layers of filter cloth for high-pressure dewatering. Deepdrying dewatering is achieved, the moisture content of the finally obtained sludge is less than 10%, and the device has the advantages of being high in dewatering efficiency, low in operation cost, high in practicability and the like.