738results about How to "Does not damage the structure" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for preparing large-size high-quality graphene with controllable number of layers, wherein graphite powder or flake graphite is mainly adopted as a raw material. The method specifically comprises the steps of intercalating the graphite raw material by virtue of an intercalating agent to initially weaken the intercalation interaction force and obtain different orders of graphite intercalation compounds (GICs); soaking the GICs in an appropriate expander, and then under the case that an auxiliary agent is added or not, enabling the intercalation materials to be quickly reacted with the expander to release a gases to obtain highly expanded wormlike graphene aggregate and further to cause the distances among graphene lamellar layers to be increased; and after certain processing, peeling, and then repeatedly centrifuging and dispersing to obtain a graphene dispersion with different numbers of layers. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the intercalation-expansion-peeling process is involved, raw materials are cheap, the reaction process is simple and easily controlled, and the number of layers of graphene is precisely controlled; the obtained graphene lamellar layers have the advantages of few defects, large size, high conductivity, high yield and the like, the large-scale industrial production is easily implemented, and the problems of high cost, low productivity, poor quality, small size, uncontrollable number of layers and the like in an existing graphene preparation technology are solved.

The invention extends the connotation range required to be protected on the basis of a previously issued patent ZL200710025045.4, i.e., a nanometer microcrystalline composite filter material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of a water disposal technique material. According to weight percentage, the nanometer microcrystalline composite filter material comprises 3-95 percent of attapulgite clay, 5-80 percent of sepiolite clay, 2-25 percent of kaolinite clay, 2-97 percent of tubular halloysite, 5-75 percent of diatomite, 5-75 percent of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite, mordenite and the like), 0-25 percent of pillared montmorillonite, 0-50 percent of expanded vermiculite, 0-5 percent of expanded perlite and 0-50 percent of active carbon or bamboo carbon powders. All raw materials which are powder shapes are mixed according to proportion and stirred to granulate by adding an inorganic adhesive, then sintered and activated at the temperature of 900-500 DEG C (inert gas is required for sintering and activating the filter material added with active carbon). The nanometer microcrystalline composite filter material has smooth shape, rough surface and uniform particle size, with the diameter of 1-10mm, and is used for biological filter tanks and high-class adsorption filter materials in deep purification systems of drinking water and reclaimed water sewage disposal systems.

The invention relates to the technical field of nanometer materials, and particularly discloses a preparation method for heteropoly acid functional composite material adopting a dopamine modified carbon nano tube as a carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: first, utilizing dopamine to generate oxypolymerization reaction in a Tris-HC1 buffer solution at the room temperature to modify the surface of a carbon nano tube to obtain a poly-dopamine modified carbon nano tube; then adopting an impregnation method to load heteropoly acid on the surface of the poly-dopamine modified carbon nano tube; reacting for certain time so as to obtain the heteropoly acid loading dopamine modified carbon nano tube composite material finally. The preparation method is conducive to realizing uniform and directional loading of heteropoly acid on one hand, improves the utilization ratio and the application range of the carbon nano tube on the other hand, is simple in steps and low in cost, can be reused, and has potential application prospect in the fields of fuel cells, sensors, electric coloration devices and the like.

The invention discloses an auxiliary extraction method of biological enzyme for improving the dissolution rate of dendrobe bioactive polysaccharide, which is used for auxiliary extracting of the dendrobe polysaccharide by various biological enzymes of which the most proper pH is close to be neutral in a compounding way step by step. The auxiliary extraction method comprises the following steps of: firstly selecting cellulose, xylanase and pectinase to decompose substances of dendrobe cell wall, i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin substance, decomposing protein and polypeptide in cells by proteasem, so that the polysaccharide can be sufficiently dissolved in water, and carrying out HPSEC (high performance size exclusion chromatography) separation, parallax and refraction detector detection, and a phenol-sulfuric acid method on a final product to detect the content of reducing sugar. According to the auxiliary extraction method, the dissolution rate of dendrobe bioactive polysaccharide can be effectively improved, the protein content can be obviously reduced, the product quality and the yield can be greatly improved, and the use and the discharge of the acid-base solution and the toxic organic reagent and the generation of the microwave radiation can be avoided in the production technology, so that the auxiliary extraction method is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The invention discloses a novel material S-CrPbCd for repairing heavy metal Cr-Pb-Cd contaminated soil as well as a preparation method and a using method of the novel material S-CrPbCd. The material comprises 5-15 percent of modified carbon nano tube, 10-60 percent of modified clay mineral and 20-60 percent of quicklime. The S-CrPbCd can efficiently adsorb Pb, Cd and Cr in the soil, and does not obviously change the soil property and cultivability. The S-CrPbCd enables the residue amount of Pb, Cd and Cr in sensitive crops to be reduced to 75-90 percent within 1-2 months, and meanwhile, the material has the characteristics of low cost, simple preparation process, no secondary pollution, quick action and easiness in large-area popularization.

The invention relates to a broadband dual-linear polarization cone chopping groove antenna; a cone chopping groove radiating paste with a parasitic element and an inclined side is established; a series of metallic via holes are arranged at outline edges of the index line of the cone chopping groove antenna and a feed microstrip line; moreover, two linear polarized cone chopping groove antenna units are aligned according to T-shaped structure with disconnected middle part, so as to form a dual-line polarized antenna. The broadband dual-linear polarization cone chopping groove antenna has the property of wide wave beam of the broadband, and can eliminate the standing wave distorted point caused by resonance in scanning the wide angle of the broadband.

The invention provides a preparation method of an asymmetric porous membrane based on electrostatic spinning technology. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) dissolving one or more polymers in a corresponding solvent to obtain a spinning solution of certain concentration; (2) carrying out electrostatic spinning with the spinning solution and receiving with common non-woven fabric to prepare a double-layer fiber membrane; (3) preparing a crosslinking solution with a certain ratio from one or more solvents, and placing in a specific container; and (4) covering the specific container with the double-layer fiber membrane, sealing the whole device with the membrane material while ensuring that the electrospun nano fiber layer faces the crosslinking solution, and carrying out fumigation crosslinking at 10-250 DEG C for 0-5h to obtain the asymmetric porous membrane. According to the preparation method, the nano fiber layer undergoes gradient crosslinking to obtain the porous membrane with asymmetric functional layers; and the average pore diameter of the porous membrane is easily adjustable in the range of 20-3000nm. The preparation method is simple in preparation process and low in equipment requirement; and the prepared porous membrane has high flux and good retention performance, and can be applied to the fields of membrane separation, tissue engineering, cell culture, wound dressings, cell diaphragms and the like.

The invention discloses a method of repairing pollution soil by amaranth. As amaranth is planted in soil polluted by cadmium amaranth root adsorbs cadmium from pollution soil in large amount and amaranth is transferred to stem and leaf of cadmium so on. When the plant grows to flower period or mature period the upper part plant is transferred away from pollution soil so as to realize the purpose that cadmium is removed from pollution soil.

The invention discloses a method for judging and positioning bridge cable corrosion. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging a sensor on a cable to be detected, acquiring an actual measured signal by using the sensor and reading the signal into a laptop by using a data acquisition card; establishing a fine numerical model for the cable corrosion judgment by adopting the finite element technology according to geometric dimension, material characteristics and excitation signal conditions of the cable, initializing the numerical model, analyzing and calculating to obtain a simulation response signal, and providing a standard comparison signal for the actual measured signal; using the actual measured signal as a judgment signal of the cable corrosion, and comparing the judgment signal and the standard comparison signal and analyzing the judgment signal by adopting a neural network analysis method, if the damage does not exceed a threshold value, judging that the cable is not corroded, otherwise alarming and positioning the corroded part; generating a recording report and recording a local database. The method for judging and positioning the bridge cable corrosion has the advantages of high resolution, high judging precision and no influence on normal use of the cable.

The invention discloses a method for extracting and purifying Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide. The preparation method comprises steps of: adding water into Codonopsis pilosula raw material pretreated with degreasing and ethanol solution for bath reflux extraction; concentrating an extracting solution; carrying out alcohol precipitation to obtain a Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide crude extract; and decolorizing and purifying with macroporous adsorption resin to obtain the Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide extract. The method of the invention can remove most pigment and other impurities in the Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide and improve the purity of the Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide, on the premise of no damage on the structure and activity of the Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide.

The invention belongs to the technical field of graphene preparation, and particularly discloses a method for preparing a graphene solution based on a supercritical carbon dioxide induction solution phase transformation technology. The method comprises the following steps: dispersing 25-50mg of graphite and 100-200mg of polyvinyl pyrrolidone into 5-10ml of water or ethanol; putting a dispersion liquid in a supercritical carbon dioxide reaction device; stirring the dispersion liquid at the temperature of 40-45 DEG C and under the pressure of 6-20MPa for reacting for 0.5-7 hours; after the reaction ends, releasing the pressure to the normal pressure; and removing non-stripped graphite from a reaction liquid to obtain the graphene solution. By adopting the method, the problem of difficulty in preparing high-concentration non-defective graphene at present is solved, and high-yield and high quality preparation and functionalization of the graphene are finished in one step. The method is simple and feasible, raw materials are cheap and readily-available, environmental protection is facilitated, and pollution is prevented. Meanwhile, by adopting the polyvinyl pyrrolidone for modifying the graphene with a non-covalent bond, the surface of the graphene contains polymer groups, and the structure of the graphene is not damaged. The graphene solution has very good development prospects in the fields of graphene composite materials, photoelectric functional materials, biological medicine and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of online testing for a safety valve and a relief valve, and particularly relates to a safety valve online testing device in a continuous production process, an on determining method for the safety valve, and an online testing method. The safety valve online testing device comprises three parts, namely a hydraulic device, a mechanical clamping device and a host computer. The data processing unit of the host computer is connected with a force sensor, a differential type displacement sensor and a sound pickup through sensor information wires. Tested on-and-off change information of the safety valve is simultaneously transmitted to the host computer. Then analysis, data processing and data storage are performed on the measured data. The online testing device has advantages of reasonable mechanical structure, easy operation, accurate on-and-off determination, good man-machine interaction environment and high suitability for an online testing field of the safety valve.

The invention relates to a production method for a seamless nickel sheet with a microprism array. The production method includes the steps of manufacturing unit nickel sheets of required amount; performing finish machining to and removing burrs of the unit nickel sheets, and cutting two sides of a front surface of each unit nickel sheets to form a cut surface with certain angle; arranging the machined nickel plates as required, and welding the unit sheets from reverse surfaces to be sequentially connected to form a required large nickel sheet matrix; bending the welded large nickel sheet matrix, selecting a plastic cylinder with smooth inner wall, and fixing the bent large nickel sheet matrix on the smooth inner wall of the plastic cylinder; and placing the plastic cylinder with the large nickel sheet matrix adhered into an electroforming groove for electroforming, and forming the required seamless nickel sheet on the front surface of the large nickel sheet matrix. Cutting precision and splicing precision of the unit nickel sheets are controlled strictly, the surface of a die for producing the large nickel sheet matrix of the nickel sheet is seamless by the aid of the cylinder, and accordingly production of the seamless nickel sheet is truly achieved.

The invention relates to a rotating body surface non-contact icing detector. A signal generator drives a laser probe to generate laser pulses emitted to the surface of a rotating body; a photoelectric detector receives returned optical signals and converts the optical signals into electrical signals; the electrical signals are divided into two paths after signal amplification and improvement on signal to noise ratio; one path reaches a signal processor through a high threshold comparator and a high threshold stretcher, and is used for judging distribution range of chordwise icing on the surface of the rotating body; the other path reaches the signal processor through a low threshold comparator and a low threshold stretcher, and is used for judging transit time that the surface of the rotating body passes the upper side of the probe of photoelectric detector; and the signal processor generates icing alarm signals according to judgment results of both paths of signals and outputs the icing alarm signals to an alarm circuit. The icing detector directly detects the icing state and the icing range on the surface of a detected object in a non-contact way, avoids transmitting movable component measuring signals, and is suitable for detecting the icing state on the surface of helicopter rotor wings and surfaces of other rotating bodies in real time.

The invention belongs to the environmental monitoring and analysis technical field, which can be used for measuring a chlorine disinfection by-product precursor in water, and provides technical support for pollution control. Aiming at the problems of the measuring method of the existing chlorine disinfection by-product precursor, such as complicated steps and indefinite results, the feasibility for characterizing the chlorine disinfection by-product precursor by three-dimensional feature fluorescence parameters is researched, the correlation between the feature fluorescence characteristic parameters of the chlorine disinfection by-product precursor and the generation potential thereof is confirmed, and the simple and fast method for measuring the chlorine disinfection by-product precursor in water is developed. The measuring method comprises the following steps: establishing a linearity correction equation between the feature fluorescence intensity of the chlorine disinfection by-product precursor and the generation potential thereof; scanning a water sample to be tested with a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum; and calculating the generation potential of the chlorine disinfection by-products and performing result correction. By adopting the method, the chlorine disinfection by-product precursor in water can be classified and analyzed without complex sample processing and testing; the average relative error is about 10%; and a sample structure is not damaged, and on-line inspection is easily realized.

The invention discloses a halogen-free flame retardant olefin foam body which comprises the following preparation materials (in terms of weight): (1) 50-120 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, (2) 10-80 parts of polyolefin elastomers (POE), (3) 10-35 parts of foaming agent, (4) 1-10 parts of blowing promoter, (5) 1-6 parts of coupling agent, (6) 1-6 parts of antioxidant, (7) composite flame retardant which is the mixture of 6-15 parts of red phosphorus or phosphate flame retardant, 30-80 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 5-20 parts of zinc borate, or the mixture of 20-66 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 10-36 parts of melamine pyrophosphate or polyphosphate and 7-24 parts of pentaerythritol; and the materials are mixed, mill-mixed , extruded, radiated and foamed, so that the foaming body is prepared. The halogen-free flame retardant olefin foaming body disclosed by the invention is a halogen-free high flame retardant olefin foaming body, which has the advantages that the foaming expansion magnification is high, broken holes are hardly formed in the foaming process, the foaming body structure is not damaged, and the mechanical performance is high.