The application discloses a kind of tunnel lining crack detection method and
system based on improved YOLO model, constructs the tunnel lining crack detection model based on improved YOLO (including but not limited to YOLOv8-YOLOv12 and its derivative architecture), including in the
feature extraction module of main network Backbone, introduction expansion residual network DWR;Variable
convolution and channel-space double attention mechanism are introduced in detection head network Head;Optimize bounding box regression
loss function, and boundary box regression loss is calculated using Inner-CIoU
loss function.The application realizes the high-precision, real-time detection of multi-scale cracks, especially fine cracks, under the premise of not significantly increasing the computing overhead, through the multi-level, collaborative improvement of
network structure.This method is not only suitable for tunnel lining crack detection, but also can be widely used in the detection of other fine crack defects such as bridges, roads and building exterior walls.