30results about How to "Good low toxicity" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomedical high-molecular polymer materials, and discloses a pH and temperature dual-response lignin-based amphiphilic polymer and micelle as well as a preparation method and an application of the pH and temperature dual-response lignin-based amphiphilic polymer and micelle. The preparation method of the polymer comprises the following steps: purifying the alkali lignin, preparing a macroinitiator AL-Br based on the alkali lignin, and then preparing the lignin-based amphiphilic polymer with double responses of pH and temperature. The polymerization process is controllable, and the usage amount of copper is lower than 500 ppm. The lignin polymer disclosed by the invention can be self-assembled into nano-scale micelles in a water medium, the structure is stable, and AgNPs and an entrapped hydrophobic anticancer drug CPT can be simultaneously prepared in situ. The obtained single nano-carrier system has good silver nanoparticle stabilizing capacity, in-vitro pH and temperature double-response drug release capacity and excellent cytotoxicity and antibacterial capacity, can achieve the anti-tumor and antibacterial purposes at the same time, and is well applied to preparation of drugs with anti-tumor and antibacterial effects at the same time.

The invention discloses a beta-lactoglobulin modified near-infrared fluorescent targeting probe as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The probe comprises indocyanine green (ICG) and beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG) which are covalently bound. Compared with the prior art, the probe disclosed by the invention has the advantages that (1) the probe disclosed by the invention improves the stability of the near-infrared fluorescent dye in a body and prolongs the retention time of the near-infrared fluorescent dye, so that the observation window time is prolonged, imaging information is fully acquired in real time, and the effective circulation time in the body is prolonged; (2) the probe has the advantages of good biocompatibility, low toxicity and the like; and (3) the probe can specifically enrich in renal tubules and perform targeted imaging in kidneys, so that diagnosis and treatment of kidney injury, especially acute injury, are realized.

The invention relates to a three-cluster galactose compound, a conjugate as well as a preparation method and application of the three-cluster galactose compound. Specifically, the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and conjugates of the compounds and drug molecules. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the compound, and application of the compound and the conjugate in preparation of drugs for treating or preventing diseases related to expression or overexpression of genes in hepatocytes. # imgabs0 #

The invention relates to a Fe3O4 (at) PDA-MnO2 nanometer material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, the Fe3O4 (at) PDA-MnO2 nanometer material shows excellent photo-thermal performance and peroxidase (POD) simulation activity, and the catalytic activity is enhanced under NIR irradiation. The Fe3O4 (at) PDA-MnO2 has a sterilization rate up to 99% and good biofilm formation destroying performance on gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and gram-variant bacteria, in-vitro and BV mouse model experiments show that the Fe3O4 (at) PDA-MnO2 is combined with NIR irradiation, due to the synergistic antibacterial effect of the Fe3O4 (at) PDA-MnO2, vagina inflammation caused by bacterial infection of BV is remarkably reduced, and the Fe3O4 (at) PDA-MnO2 is superior to that of a positive control drug.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional network chip and a preparation method and application thereof, the three-dimensional network chip comprises a polydimethylsiloxane film, the polydimethylsiloxane film has a three-dimensional network skeleton structure, and the surface of the three-dimensional network skeleton structure is loaded with gel composed of titanium carbide-Mxene and graphene oxide. According to the three-dimensional network chip, the three-dimensional network PDMS thin film serves as a chip substrate, the functionalized titanium carbide-Mxene / graphene oxide gel is loaded on the surface of the substrate, the functionalized three-dimensional network chip is constructed, and the three-dimensional network thin chip can be used for capturing circulating tumor cells. By utilizing the synergistic effect of the three-dimensional network structure of the chip and the Mxene / graphite oxide functionalized surface, the adhesion promoting effect on cancer cells is improved, the yield of circulating tumor cells is increased, and the capture efficiency can reach 90% or above within 1 h.

The invention discloses application of catechin as a nitrification inhibitor, a use method of catechin as a nitrification inhibitor, a preparation method of a fertilizer formed by the catechin and the fertilizer. According to indoor simulation and field plot and field experiments, the catechin shows a good inhibition effect on soil ammonia oxidizing bacteria when the dosage per mu is 40.0-100.0 g, conversion from ammonium nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen can be effectively delayed, and compared with a traditional nitrification inhibitor, the catechin has the advantage in the later stage of nitrification inhibition.

The invention discloses a composite coating material for repairing the inner diameter corrosion surface of a hydraulic cylinder and a preparation method of the composite coating material, belongs to the field of metal anti-corrosion coatings, can effectively solve the problems that the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder is corroded, a matched sealing ring is seriously abraded and the like, and has the advantages that thermal stress is not introduced, the repairing efficiency is high and the accessibility is good. A corrosion inhibitor is stably combined on the surface of a porous polyether-ether-ketone nano-particle material by adopting a layer-by-layer self-assembly method to obtain polyether-ether-ketone nano-particles loaded with the corrosion inhibitor, and then the polyether-ether-ketone nano-particles loaded with the corrosion inhibitor are mixed with epoxy resin to obtain a uniform and stable modified epoxy resin anticorrosive coating. The obtained modified epoxy resin coating has excellent mechanical performance, corrosion resistance and machinability, can effectively inhibit the corrosion of the inner diameter of the cylinder body, maintains the dimensional precision and surface quality of the inner diameter of the cylinder body through machining, meets the service requirements of cylinder body parts, is simple and rapid in repairing process, can effectively repair damage caused by corrosion, and has a good application prospect. And the maintenance time and cost are reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment and beauty treatment, in particular to a solution for injection and a preparation method thereof. According to the injection solution disclosed by the invention, the cross-linked sodium hyaluronate, the vitamin B, the active peptide, the nicotinamide, the amino acid, the buffer solution and the water for injection are taken as raw materials, so that the injection solution is endowed with relatively good enzyme stability, is not easy to quickly decompose in vivo and is non-toxic; functional raw materials such as active peptide and nicotinamide are used, so that the injection solution has excellent anti-aging and melanin inhibition effects.

The invention discloses a polypeptide-modified black phosphorus nanosheet composite material for brain targeting and a preparation method thereof, the invention provides the polypeptide-modified black phosphorus nanosheet composite material for brain targeting and the preparation method thereof, and the black phosphorus nanosheet composite material has good drug loading capacity and excellent photo-thermal capacity, and can be applied to brain targeting. The problem of solubility of the resveratrol is solved, and the bioavailability of the resveratrol is improved. The black phosphorus nanosheet composite material disclosed by the invention is modified by ANG polypeptide, penetrates through a blood brain barrier through LRP-1 receptor mediated endocytosis and enters the brain, and has an obvious brain targeting characteristic. Meanwhile, under near-infrared illumination, the blood-brain barrier permeability of the black phosphorus nanosheet composite material can be further improved. The black phosphorus nanosheet composite material disclosed by the invention has a remarkable treatment effect on ischemic brain injury under the conditions of polypeptide modification and near-infrared illumination.

The invention discloses a puerarin nanobelt with stable homologous polysaccharide and a preparation method of the puerarin nanobelt, and belongs to the technical field of medicine nanobelts. The puerarin nanobelt is prepared by taking puerarin and pueraria polysaccharide as raw materials through a medium grinding method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing a puerarin raw material medicine and a puerarin polysaccharide raw material medicine; adding the kudzuvine root polysaccharide into water until the kudzuvine root polysaccharide is completely dissolved; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding water into a penicillin bottle, adding puerarin, adding a stirrer and 0.4-0.6 mm zirconium oxide beads with the same volume as water, putting the penicillin bottle on a magnetic stirrer, grinding at a magnetic stirring speed of 800-1400 rpm for 2-12 hours, taking out, and filtering to remove the zirconium oxide beads, thereby obtaining the puerarin nanobelt. The preparation method has the advantages that the polysaccharide stabilizer with a natural source is adopted, has the characteristics of good biocompatibility, low toxicity, biodegradability and the like, and shows remarkable advantages in a nano delivery system; the accumulative dissolution amount is greatly increased, and the balance time is greatly shortened; the oral absorption of puerarin can be obviously improved.

The invention discloses a biomass flame-retardant epoxy electronic packaging material and a preparation method thereof.The biomass flame-retardant epoxy electronic packaging material is prepared from epoxy resin and a flame-retardant curing agent, the chemical formula of the flame-retardant curing agent is C32H24B2N4O4, the structural formula of the flame-retardant curing agent is # imgabs0 #, the flame-retardant curing agent contains a benzimidazole-like structure, so that the thermal stability and the char forming amount of the flame-retardant curing agent are improved, and the flame-retardant curing agent does not contain phosphorus or halogen and is environmentally friendly. And only environment-friendly flame-retardant elements nitrogen and boron are contained. And the existence of boron and nitrogen elements has good flame retardant efficiency improvement and smoke suppression performance. Meanwhile, the flame retardant contains active amino groups and can be used for epoxy curing.

The invention provides a polypeptide for inhibiting fat accumulation and application of the polypeptide. The amino acid sequence of the polypeptide is MNGLTLGSIPKEEAEKERQGWLEAAK. The polypeptide can inhibit transport of extracellular fatty acids by CD36, reduce lipid uptake and accumulation of cells, and effectively inhibit accumulation of intracellular triglyceride and other fats caused by free fatty acids.

The present application relates to the technical field of microbiology and animal vaccine cross, and particularly relates to a gene deletion attenuated mutant of wild strain of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida, a construction method and application thereof, and provides the gene deletion attenuated mutant based on deletion of the coding genes of proteins participating in maintaining cell membrane lipid asymmetry of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida strain on the wild strain of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida mlaE , the coding gene of response regulator protein of envZ / ompR two-component system ompR , and the coding gene of DeoR family transcriptional regulator deoR The mutant strain has obvious low toxicity, can effectively protect the test fish from the invasion of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida causing the disease of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida visceral white spot disease, and researches show that the vaccine prepared based on the gene deletion attenuated mutant has significant immunization effect and excellent prevention and treatment effect on the disease of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida visceral white spot disease in aquaculture.

The present invention discloses a chemiluminescent immunosensor for detecting zearalenone and its application. The chemiluminescent immunosensor comprises a chemiluminescent probe and a chemiluminescent immunosensor substrate. The preparation method of the chemiluminescent probe is as follows: CuCo 2 O 4 The nanomaterial solution is incubated with the ZEN antibody to obtain the chemiluminescent immunoprobe; the preparation method of the chemiluminescent immunosensor substrate is: activating carboxyl resin beads to obtain activated resin beads, incubating the activated resin beads with the ZEN coated antigen, and obtaining the chemiluminescent immunosensor substrate for detecting zearalenone. The chemiluminescent immunosensor for detecting zearalenone provided by the present invention has excellent sensitivity, stability and reproducibility, and uses flow injection chemiluminescent immunoassay to detect the content of ZEN in foods such as corn and wheat, so as to achieve rapid and ultra-sensitive detection of ZEN, and has the advantages of simple operation, cost-effectiveness, high sensitivity, etc., and has good practical value and practical significance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicines, and particularly relates to an ovary-targeting drug carrier as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the invention provides a targeted ovarian drug carrier ZIF-8-GH-ZP3, so as to realize targeted treatment of POI and targeted ovarian release of growth hormone to improve the treatment effect and reduce the adverse reaction of the growth hormone. According to the design of the drug carrier, a zeolite imidazole skeleton (ZIF-8) and a zona pellucida antibody (ZP3Ab) are adopted, growth hormones can be released in a targeted mode according to follicles developed at different levels in an ovary, targeted therapy of primary ovarian insufficiency is finally achieved based on the dual functions of targeting and promoting development of dominant follicles of the growth hormones, and the drug carrier has good practical application value.

The invention provides a preparation method of a machine-washable real silk fabric, which comprises the following steps: cleaning silkworm cocoons, boiling for degumming, washing with water, drying to obtain silk fibers, dissolving the silk fibers in a neutral salt solution, and dialyzing to obtain a silk fibroin solution; then, preparing a dopamine solution, and uniformly mixing the dopamine solution with the silk fibroin solution to obtain a mixed solution; and finally, carrying out rolling and baking treatment on the real silk fabric with the mixed solution by adopting a technological process of padding, baking, washing and re-baking, and carrying out rolling and baking treatment for 2-5 times to obtain the machine-washable real silk fabric. According to the application, the polydopamine protein coating with good biocompatibility is adopted, and hydrogen bonds among polydopamine, silk fibroin and the real silk fabric and various electrostatic acting forces are utilized, so that the mechanical strength, friction resistance and washing / machine washing resistance of the real silk fabric are improved while the softness and comfort of the real silk fabric are not changed, and the service life of the real silk fabric is prolonged. The nursing convenience and the service life are prolonged.

The invention discloses a flexographic ink and a preparation method thereof. The ink consists of the following components in parts by weight: 13-15 parts of aqueous acrylic resin, 9-12 parts of aqueous polyester resin, 10-12 parts of colorant, 7-8 parts of defoamer, 12-15 parts of modified ethyl cellulose, 3-5 parts of 2,5-furan dimethanol, 3-4 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-5 parts of N-hydroxysuccinimide, 2-3 parts of ethyl lactate, 1-2 parts of fatty acid methyl ester and 50-55 parts of deionized water. According to the invention, ethyl cellulose and chitosan are mixed and then subjected to plasma treatment, and polyethylene glycol is added to react and modify in a reactor, so that the adhesion and water resistance of the ink are improved. The flexographic ink prepared by the invention has strong adhesion, good water resistance, fast surface drying speed, good gloss of ink, good leveling effect, and is environmentally friendly and safe, has a simple production process and is easy to promote.

The invention discloses preparation and application of chitosan modified ferroferric oxide. Comprising the following steps: mixing an alcohol solvent with ferric trichloride, adding chitosan, and uniformly stirring to obtain a first reaction solution; adding an alcoholic solution of sodium acetate into the first reaction solution, violently stirring, and heating to react to obtain a first product; and cooling the first product, separating by using a magnet to obtain a black substance, and washing and drying the black substance to obtain the chitosan modified ferroferric oxide. The chitosan modified ferroferric oxide prepared by the method can be applied to water to adsorb alizarin green, and the specific steps comprise: mixing the chitosan modified ferroferric oxide with an alizarin green aqueous solution, carrying out oscillation adsorption, and carrying out magnetic separation on the chitosan modified ferroferric oxide after adsorption. The specific adsorption rate of the prepared CS-coated Fe3O4 to alizarin green can reach 50% or above.

The invention discloses a plastic-dipping flame-retardant elevator balance compensation chain and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of elevator compensation chain preparation, the plastic-dipping flame-retardant elevator balance compensation chain comprises the following raw materials: a modified high-strength alloy and modified environment-friendly flame-retardant PVC powder, and the modified high-strength alloy is prepared from a high-strength alloy through plasma surface modification treatment. The PVC resin, the ABS resin, the heat stabilizer, the plasticizer, the lubricating dispersant, the antioxidant, the halogen-free compound flame retardant and the smoke suppressant are mixed according to a certain sequence and proportion, modified PVC which is free of pollution and has excellent flame retardance and mechanical performance can be prepared, and the modified environment-friendly flame-retardant PVC is subjected to plastic dipping outside a chain to form a plastic dipping protection layer. According to the present invention, the protection effect is provided, the service life of the compensation chain is prolonged so as to improve the performance retention rate of the compensation chain during the long-term use, and the fire spreading can be effectively delayed under the emergency conditions such as the fire due to the excellent flame retardation of the plastic dipping layer.

The application provides a sealant and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of sealants. The sealant comprises A component and B component. The A component comprises the following raw materials: bio-based polyaspartic ester resin, modified nano zinc oxide, tea polyphenol microcapsule, filler, dispersant and defoaming agent. The B component comprises the following raw materials: bio-based isocyanate prepolymer, HDI trimer, catalyst and light stabilizer. The sealant provided by the application has the comprehensive performances of weather resistance, anti-yellowing, mechanical balance, environmental protection, safety, antibiosis and durability, and is suitable for the sealing of building gaps in the environment exposed to light and moisture for a long time.

The invention relates to the field of plant external vesicles, in particular to a ginseng external vesicle composition loaded with quercetin as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing ginseng external vesicle supernate; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving quercetin in dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain a quercetin solution; mixing the quercetin solution with the ginseng outer vesicle supernate, and incubating at room temperature for 1-2 hours; and centrifuging and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a precipitate, namely the composition. The quercetin is loaded by using the extracellular vesicles, so that ROS generation can be reduced, the activity of SOD in cells can be improved, and the MDA content can be reduced. The activity of key enzyme in a cell anti-oxidation system is enhanced, so that damage caused by oxidative stress is relieved, and a certain repairing effect is achieved.

The invention discloses preparation and application of terbium-doped titanium carbide quantum dots. The preparation comprises the following steps: mixing Ti3C2MXene with an alcohol solvent, heating for reaction, centrifuging a reaction product, and taking supernatant to obtain a Ti3C2QDs solution; dissolving water-soluble terbium salt and EDTA in water to obtain a terbium ion solution; and uniformly mixing the terbium ion solution with the Ti3C2QDs solution to obtain the terbium-doped titanium carbide quantum dots. According to the invention, the prepared Ti3C2QDs and terbium ions (Tb < 3 + >) are mixed to construct the terbium-doped Ti3C2QDs ratiometric fluorescent probe for detecting ciprofloxacin. Based on the characteristics of good biocompatibility, low toxicity, hydrophilicity and the like of the Ti3C2QDs and the specific recognition effect of the Tb-doped Ti3C2QDs on the ciprofloxacin, the invention develops a method for rapidly and simply detecting the ciprofloxacin, so that the quantitative detection of the ciprofloxacin in an aqueous solution sample is realized.

The invention discloses a COF-doped mixed matrix membrane, a preparation method and application in an ECCO2R system, the mixed matrix membrane comprises a PMP hollow fiber membrane, and the PMP hollow fiber membrane is doped with a COF material and a polymer; wherein the polymer is Pebax and / or PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane). The mixed matrix membrane can effectively improve the CO2 / O2 selective adsorption performance and enhance the CO2 removal capacity in an ECCO2R system, has good biocompatibility and blood compatibility, and has great application potential in the field of biomedicine.

The invention relates to the technical field of medical coatings, and particularly discloses a medical corrosion-resistant coating material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The medical corrosion-resistant coating material provided by the invention is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 75 to 120 parts of epoxy resin, 15 to 30 parts of aliphatic polyamine, 20 to 30 parts of wollastonite powder, 3 to 8 parts of curing accelerator and 3 to 5 parts of lubricant, the epoxy resin is tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester and dicyclopentadiene type novolac epoxy resin in a weight ratio of 1: (0.8-2.3); the aliphatic polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and hexamethylenediamine; the invention further provides a preparation method of the medical corrosion-resistant coating material. The medical corrosion-resistant coating material provided by the invention has good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, and has good adhesive force on the surface of a metal substrate.

The application discloses viscose short fiber spinning oil and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of textile oil. The viscose short fiber spinning oil comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-70 parts of component A and 70-30 parts of component B. The component A comprises C8-C20 alkoxy alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate potassium salt, isomeric polyol polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl betaine, stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, C10-16 alcohol alkoxylate and water. The component B comprises polyethylene glycol dioleate, polyethylene glycol monooleate, stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, lauric acid polyoxyethylene ester, dodecyl / stearyl amine polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, base oil and oleic acid. The viscose short fiber spinning oil has good smoothness, cohesion and antistatic performance, can improve the spinnability and processing stability of fibers, and has the advantages of low toxicity, environmental protection, low VOC and the like.

The invention provides a DNA tetrahedron drug compound for treating retinal ischemia reperfusion injury, and belongs to the field of eye disease treatment and molecular biology, and the tetrahedron drug compound is connected with YAP saRNA. The tetrahedral drug compound can efficiently and safely deliver YAP saRNA, improve the expression level of YAP in cells and inhibit oxidative stress and ferroptosis of retinal cells, so that RI / RI is effectively treated, and a new choice is provided for treating the tetrahedral drug compound.

The invention provides a rhizoma polygonati stock solution as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of medicines. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying rhizoma polygonati rhizomes, adding the rhizoma polygonati rhizomes into a leaching solution for soaking and absorption, carrying out enzyme deactivation, steaming and airing for nine times, adding the rhizoma polygonati rhizomes into saline water for extraction, filtering, dialyzing filtrate, concentrating to obtain a stock solution 1, carrying out solid fermentation, extracting immobilized amino acid imidazolyl ionic liquid, desorbing, concentrating liquid to obtain a stock solution 2, uniformly mixing the stock solution 2 with the stock solution 1, filtering, sterilizing and packaging to obtain the rhizoma polygonati stock solution. The prepared rhizoma polygonati stock solution is high in concentration and simple in raw materials, has good effects of improving immunity, delaying senescence, resisting fatigue and reducing blood fat and / or blood sugar, and is high in active component content, low in cost, simple in process operation, stable in quality and easy to realize industrial mass production.

The invention belongs to but not limited to the technical field of synthesis of nano materials, and discloses a bismuth nanotube rich in atom defects and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that Bi metal soluble salt and potassium halide salt are dissolved in deionized water, ethyl alcohol or ethylene glycol solvent in sequence, and after uniform dispersion, the mixture is transferred into a hydrothermal reaction kettle for a reaction; and under the action of a surfactant, reducing the obtained precursor by using a sodium borohydride aqueous solution to obtain the bismuth nanotube. The crystal face index of the main exposed crystal face of the synthesized bismuth nanotube crystal phase is (202), and the bismuth nanotube crystal phase is uniform in size, hollow in structure, rich in metal atom defects and capable of being widely applied to the fields of thermoelectric materials, electronic devices, photoelectric devices, biological medicine, catalysis, batteries and the like, and the preparation method is simple in process, safe, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production.

The invention relates to the technical field of biological medicines, in particular to a novel compound with efficient mosquito-repelling and itching-relieving effects, the compound is composed of bioactive peptide and N, N-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamide, and the bioactive peptide and the N, N-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamide are combined to form the compound. Wherein the bioactive peptide comprises peptide fragments of which the sequences are as follows: SEQ NO: 1: Cys-Arg-Val-Leu-Pro (CRVLP), SEQ NO: 2: Gly-Asn-Phe-Thr-Ser (GNPTS) and SEQ NO: 3: Lys-Met-His-Glu-Tyr (KMHEY). The invention also discloses a preparation method of the bioactive peptide. The used components are relatively high in safety, so that the potential skin adverse reaction risk is reduced. The bioactive peptide is composed of natural amino acids, and has good biocompatibility and low toxicity. Safety evaluation on the N, N-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamide shows that the N, N-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamide has small harm to human skin and body under normal use concentration, and has a remarkable effect on relieving itching.

The invention discloses a nucleic acid dye and application thereof in nucleic acid detection, and belongs to the technical field of nanometer materials and biology, the nucleic acid dye is licorice root derived carbon dots, the carbon dots are prepared based on licorice roots or licorice root components as precursors for the first time, and the carbon dots are successfully applied to the field of nucleic acid detection. The licorice root derived carbon dots replace traditional dyes to be used in agarose gel electrophoresis, and efficient visual detection of DNA, RNA and plasmids can be achieved.