The invention discloses an energy-saving environment-friendly copper-containing sludge smelting method, and belongs to the field of pyrometallurgy. The method is characterized in that copper-containing sludge, lime and powdered coal are proportionally and uniformly mixed, then, black copper and fused slag are obtained through pelletizing, rotary kiln drying sintering and smelting furnace smelting, the black copper and the fused slag are separated in a forehearth, the black copper is sold as a copper smelting raw material, the fused slag serves as a raw material for making cement or bricks after being subjected to water quenching, and smelting smoke is exhausted through a chimney after being processed through cyclone dust collection, cloth bag dust collection, dual-alkali desulfuration and demisting of an electric demister to reach the standard. Heat required by rotary kiln drying sintering is obtained from waste heat of forehearth smoke and smelting furnace smoke preferably, and when waste heat is insufficient, heat is supplemented by burning natural gas, coal gas or heavy oil; heat is supplied to the forehearth by burning the natural gas, the coal gas or the heavy oil, air is preheated and burned with assistance of high-temperature smoke exhausted from the forehearth so that the burning temperature of fuel can be increased. According to the smelting method, energy utilization is sufficient, the fixed investment is small, the occupied area is small, the production operation cost is low, and social, economic and environmental protection benefits are remarkable.