The invention discloses a composition for manufacturing a compound rubber mat and a preparation method of the composition. The composition is prepared from epoxidized natural ruber, ethylene propylene diene monomer, nitrile butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, high styrene rubber, nanometer zinc oxide, sodium stearate, carbon black, mildew preventive, sulphur, a PBS polymer, hydroxy polyphosphoester, sodium bisulfite and a silane coupling agent. The preparation method comprises the steps that the epoxidized natural ruber, the ethylene propylene diene monomer, the nitrile butadiene rubber, the styrene-butadiene rubber, the butadiene rubber, the high styrene rubber and the PBS polymer are mixed, ultrasonic cleaning is conducted, soaking is conducted, high pressure washing is conducted, air blast drying is conducted, the mixture and the nanometer zinc oxide, the sodium stearate, the carbon black, the mildew preventive, the sulphur, the hydroxy polyphosphoester, the sodium bisulfite and the silane coupling agent are sent into a mixer for fusion, the materials are discharged in a bunched mode, shaping is conducted on the granulated materials, and a crude product is obtained and dried. According to the composition for manufacturing the compound rubber mat and the preparation method of the composition, the production technology is easy to control, the product is good in toughness, high in strength and excellent in anti-aging property.