The invention relates to a cellulose nanofiber aerogel photo-thermal interface water evaporation material and a preparation method thereof. Wherein the cellulose nanofibers and the polyvinyl alcohol serve as main body parts of the aerogel, the reduced graphene oxide serves as a photo-thermal conversion material, the butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA) serves as a cross-linking agent, and the sodium hypophosphite (SHP) serves as a catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pouring a certain amount of dispersion liquid containing cellulose nanofibers, polyvinyl alcohol, graphene oxide, a cross-linking agent and a catalyst into a mold for freezing, then performing freeze drying to obtain aerogel, performing cross-linking on the aerogel at a high temperature, and then performing reduction to obtain the cellulose nanofibers. The chemical crosslinking type cellulose nanofiber/polyvinyl alcohol/reduced graphene oxide aerogel photo-thermal interface water evaporation material is prepared. The preparation process of the method is low in cost, and the prepared aerogel has the advantages of being high in mechanical strength, high in water resistance stability, low in density, capable of self-floating, low in heat conductivity, high in photo-thermal performance, environmentally friendly, safe and the like.