The invention discloses a three-dimensional graphene-based nanometer metal composite material, a preparation method and application thereof. The three-dimensional graphene-based nanometer metal composite material comprises a graphene base body with a three-dimensional porous foam structure, and nano metal particles uniformly loaded on the graphene base body. The preparation method comprises the steps of: performing plasma processing on graphene in an air atmosphere, adding a soluble ferrite solution, uniformly mixing, then adding a reducing agent, and fully reacting under a set condition to obtain the three-dimensional graphene-based nanometer metal composite material. According to the three-dimensional graphene-based nanometer metal composite material, a three-dimensional graphene foam material is taken as a carrier, the nano metal particles uniformly coating the surface of graphene are prepared through a chemical liquid phase reduction method, the dispersibility of the nano particles is improved, the agglomeration is avoided; and meanwhile, the three-dimensional graphene-based nanometer metal composite material is generally of a three-dimensional porous structure, has the advantages of good stability, high degradation activity, high adsorption speed to polluted molecules, and the like, is more easily recovered, and has a wide application prospect in fields of chemical catalysis, sewage treatment and the like.