108results about How to "Effective control of morphology" patented technology

The invention relates to a synthesis method of an alkaline earth metal vanadate micro/nano material by utilizing microwave radiation. According to the method, with an alkaline earth metal salt and ammonium metavanadate as the raw materials and distilled water as a solvent, the alkaline earth metal vanadate micro/nano material is prepared in a microwave radiation heating mode in the presence of a structure directing agent. The synthesis method is characterized in that: the microwave heating efficiency is high, and the phase and morphology of the product are effectively controlled through the adjustment and control of the raw material properties or the structure directing agent, ultimately the high-efficiency functional nano material is acquired; and the synthesis method has the significant advantages of no temperature and concentration hysteresis, high operability, mild reaction conditions, simple process, and the like and the microstructure of the product is controllable. The invention also provides valuable experience for the application of the metal vanadate micro/nano material in the fields of energy storage and conversion, sewage treatment, photocatalysis, biomedicine, etc.

The invention discloses a ternary positive-electrode material prepared by a solvothermal method and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes: dissolving nickel cobalt manganese salt in a solvent, adding a surfactant and hydrolysis auxiliaries, sufficiently stirring, transferring into a reaction kettle, performing solvothermal reaction under certain temperature for 2-24 hours,cooling to room temperature, using a suction filtration method to separate out a nickel cobalt manganese ternary product, washing, drying, and pre-calcining in air to obtain a precursor; grinding andmixing the precursor and a lithium compound, and calcining to obtain the ternary positive-electrode material. The ternary positive-electrode material and the preparation method thereof have the advantages that the ternary oxide precursor prepared by the solvothermal method is small in particle size, uniform in particle distribution and controllable in morphology as compared with a ternary precursor prepared by a conventional precipitation method, so that the finally prepared ternary material is small in granularity, uniform in particle size distribution and controllable in morphology and has excellent electrochemical performance, and the capacity and stability of the prepared ternary material are better than those of a ternary positive-electrode material prepared by the precipitation method.

The invention discloses porous V2O5/C composite microspheres of a lithium secondary battery positive electrode material and a preparation method of the porous V2O5/C composite microspheres. The porous V2O5/C composite microspheres are formed by clustering carbon coated V2O5 nano composite particles with the particle sizes of 5-30 mirons, and the porous V2O5/C composite microspheres are internally provided with porous structures. The preparation method comprises the following steps of synthesizing crosslinked polymethyl methacrylate PMMA microgel spheres, hydrolyzing partially so as to act as a mold plate for synthesizing the porous V2O5/C composite microspheres; adsorbing VO<2+> to three-dimensional meshes of the PMMA mold plate, changing the pH value of an adsorption solution, hydrolyzing the VO<2+> to generate V2O5 nano particles, and filling the three-dimensional meshes in situ with the V2O5 nano particles so as to obtain a V2O5/PMMA precursor; and forging the precursor so as to obtain the porous V2O5/C composite microspheres. The composite microsphere has the beneficial effects of improving the multiplying performance and the cycle performance and the like; the preparation method is simple in technology, and is suitable for being used in large-scale industrial production.

The invention relates to a preparation method for shape-controllable nano iron oxide and particularly relates to a hydro-thermal synthesis method for shape-controllable nano iron oxide. The hydro-thermal synthesis method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing dihydric phosphate, strong acid and strong alkali salts and trivalent iron salt; mixing and adding a mixture into de-ionized water; agitating until the mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a precursor solution, wherein the mol ratio of phosphate radical ions to trivalent iron ions in the precursor solution is (0-3) to 10; the mole ratio of the strong acid and strong alkali salts to the trivalent iron ions is (0-5) to 10; the mass of the de-ionized water is 50-300 times as much as the total mass of the dihydric phosphate, the strong acid and strong alkali salts and the trivalent iron salt; and (2) putting the precursor solution into a reaction kettle and heating to 150-250 DEG C and preserving the heat for 2-4 hours; cooling to the room temperature and adding the de-ionized water and alcohol into an obtained product; sufficiently shaking and centrifuging; removing liquid supernatant and transferring content matters into an electric heating vacuum drying box; drying until the weight is constant to obtain the nano iron oxide.

The invention relates to a metal-doped nitrogen-containing carbon-based catalyst of a fuel cell and application of the catalyst. The catalyst adopts organic surface active agents as a protection agent and a structural guide agent and adopts an aromatic compound and aldehyde as reaction monomers, metal elements are added in the reaction process to obtain a polymer-metal compound, and the polymer-metal compound is dried and then is subjected to high-temperature processing with inert gas or/and ammonia gas to finally obtain the metal-doped nitrogen-containing carbon-based catalyst. When the metal-doped nitrogen-containing carbon-based catalyst is used as a cathode catalyst of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a direct-methanol fuel cell, the oxide reduction activity, stability and toxicity resistance are excellent; moreover, the catalyst has an environment-friendly effect, is low in cost, controllable in aperture, high in specific surface area and rich in resource and can substitute for platinum to serve as an electric catalyst of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

The invention discloses a rodlike aragonite calcium carbonate preparation method. The method includes: crushing limestone, calcining, and digesting according to a lime-water mass ratio of 1:3-8 to obtain lime slurry; screening, filtering to remove residues, and adding water to adjust the solid content of the lime slurry to 7-20%, so that refined lime slurry is obtained; controlling the temperature of the refined lime slurry to 30-60 DEG C, adding a composite crystal form control agent being 0.5-2.0% of the mass of calcium hydroxide in the lime slurry, delivering to a carbonization tower, starting stirring, feeding kiln gas for carbonation, stopping gas feeding when pH reaches 8.0, and terminating carbonation to obtain precipitated calcium carbonate suspension; dewatering and drying according to a conventional method to obtain rodlike aragonite calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate prepared according to the method is stable in crystal form, products are rodlike in appearance and large in specific surface area, and the aragonite phase content reaches 85% or above. In addition, the rodlike aragonite calcium carbonate preparation method has advantages of low energy consumption, high production efficiency, low cost, technical simplicity and the like and is easy for realization of industrial production.

The invention relates to a pre-plating layer auxiliary preparation method of an X-ray flash conversion screen with a micro-column structure CsI (Tl) and an application of the conversion screen. The method comprises the following steps of: preparing a pre-plating layer by a thermal evaporation technology, realizing the pre-plating layer with uniformly distributed island grain structure and effectively controlling the grain distance through the adjustment of the thickness of the pre-plating layer, an annealing technology and the like, then preparing subsequent flash thin film on a substrate plated with the pre-plating layer by using CsI (Tl) powder as a raw material by the thermal evaporation, and realizing the effective controls on micro-column morphology, uniformity, line width, preferred orientation of a crystal face of the conversion screen and the like. The flash micro-column which is nearly vertical to a screen surface and has good crystallization property can guide flare light to spread along the direction of the micro-column, so that the spatial resolution of an X-ray image device is improved, and requirements on the high spatial resolution and high detection efficiency are met. The coupling of the X-ray flash conversion screen with the micro-column structure CsI (Tl) and a photoelectric detector can be applied to a digital X-ray imaging of high resolution. The pre-plating layer auxiliary preparation method of an X-ray flash conversion screen with the micro-column structure CsI (Tl) is suitable for industrial production and is high in popularization and application values.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a pyrite-type ferrous disulfide micron/nano crystalline material with a controllable morphology. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) respectively adding solvent dimethyl sulfoxide into compounding agent thioglycolic acid and surfactant polyvinylpyrrolidone under the condition of agitating and leading in nitrogen or argon, and obtaining a solution A by mixing and agitating; (2) orderly adding an iron source and a sodium thiosulfate water solution into the solution A, leading in the nitrogen or argon and vigorously stirring to obtain a solution B; (3) transferring the solution B into a reaction kettle and reacting for 4-12 hours at 120-180 DEG C after uniformly agitating, to obtain pyrite-type ferrous disulfide suspension liquid; (4) centrifugally separating, washing for a plurality of times and drying the pyrite-type ferrous disulfide suspension liquid in vacuum to constant weight to obtain the pyrite-type ferrous disulfide micron/nano crystalline material. The product obtained by the method has controllable particle size and morphology, good process repeatability and stable quality, and is expected to be applied to the fields such as photovoltaic conversion and lithium ion battery materials.

The present invention discloses a visible-light-responsive BiVO4/TiO2/graphene tri-material composite light catalyst and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1) preparing a suspension system A containing BiVO4 nano particles, and a suspension system B containing a TiO2 sol-gel and graphene oxide; (2) proportionally mixing up the suspension system A and the suspension system B, conducting the heating treatment, separating and drying to obtain a BiVO4/TiO2/graphene oxide composite material; (3) suspending the BiVO4/TiO2/graphene oxide composite material in short-chain alcohol, adding a reducing agent, conducting the hydrothermal reaction and drying to obtain the visible-light-responsive BiVO4/TiO2/graphene tri-material composite light catalyst. The preparation method is simple and easy to operate, and low in cost. Based on the preparation method, the structure and the properties of the composite light catalyst can be regulated and controlled through simply changing the conditions of reactions and heat treatments.

The invention discloses a sustained release vulcanizing agent, a preparation method thereof, and a method of using the sustained release vulcanizing agent to remove heavy metals and arsenic from an acidic solution. A sulfur source and a surfactant are added into a solution containing Fe<2+>, Mn<2+>, and Zn<2+> to carry out reactions to obtain the nano-millimeter metal sulfide sol sustained release vulcanizing agent, which can slowly release S<2-> under a strongly acidic condition; the surface activity is guaranteed, at the same time, the utilization rate of S<2-> is improved; the vulcanizing agent is used to remove heavy metals and arsenic from an acidic solution and has the advantages of high removal efficiency, low using amount, and low hydrogen sulfide release amount; the problems that the using amount of a conventional vulcanizing agent is large, the utilization rate is low, and the H2S pollution is severe can be solved, and the method for removing heavy metals and arsenic from an acidic solution has the advantages of simple process and convenient operation and is suitable for industrial production.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a DNA-directed gold nanocrystal. The preparation method comprises the following steps of firstly, modifying the surface of a gold nanorod with DNA molecules to prepare a gold nanorod/DNA compound, and then enabling tetrachloroauric acid and a reducing agent to generate in-situ reduction reaction in a solution system under the direction action of thegold nanorod/DNA compound to produce the gold nanocrystal. The invention also relates to the DNA-directed gold nanocrystal prepared by the preparation method. The position of a surface plasma resonance maximum absorption peak of the DNA-directed gold nanocrystal ranges between a 780nm visible light region and a 1100nm second infrared region. The invention also relates to application of the DNA-directed gold nanocrystal in malignant tumor photothermal therapy. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the DNA-directed gold nanocrystal has the advantages of easiness in realization,low preparation cost and capability of regulating the morphology and the performance of the gold nanocrystal.

The invention discloses a visible-light responded compound catalyst for degrading organic pollutants in salt-containing wastewater and a preparation method of the visible-light responded compound catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing nano-silica, absolute ethanol and a sodium hydroxide water solution, and carrying out stirring and adsorbing in a water bath until a balanced adsorption system is formed; (2) dropwise adding an ethanol solution in which tetrabutyl titanate and iron salt are dissolved into the balanced adsorption system, so as to react to obtain a suspension system containing compound particles; and (3) transferring the suspension system into a high-pressure kettle, adding an ethanol solution in which rare earth ions are dissolved while stirring, closing the high-pressure kettle, carrying out thermal treatment, cooling and then separating reaction liquid, washing, and drying so as to obtain the visible-light responded compound catalyst. According to the preparation method, the crystallization process of TiO2 and Fe2O3 and the doping process of rare earth metal ions are finished by virtue of solvothermal in one step, so that the method is simple, and conditions are mild; by adjusting parameters in the reaction and thermal treatment processes, the shape and the performance of the photocatalyst can be effectively regulated and controlled.

A preparation method of a preparation method of a p-n junction ZnO-CoTiO3 room temperature gas-sensitive film. The method is as below: placing a TiO2 target and a Co3O4 target into two radio frequency target positions of a magnetron sputtering instrument, and placing a Zn target into a direct current sputtering target position; then placing a Si substrate on a coating sample stage of the magnetron sputtering instrument, then vacuumizing, introducing Ar gas, then conducting pre-sputtering, introducing O2 gas, and finally conducting sputtering coating on the Si substrate to obtain a precursor film; calcining the precursor film, controlling the calcination temperature at 300-700 DEG C and calcination time at 0.5-3 h, and then cooling to room temperature in the furnace to obtain the p-n junction type ZnO-CoTiO3 room temperature gas-sensitive film. The method can effectively control the composition of the film, has good film forming property, convenient operation and short production cycle; and the prepared p-n junction type ZnO-CoTiO3 gas-sensitive thin has uniform distribution, and excellent room temperature gas-sensitive property and can effectively reduce the working temperature.

The invention relates to a gas diffusion electrode used for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and a preparation method and an application of the gas diffusion electrode. The electrode comprises a base layer, and a Sn catalyst and an organic accessory ingredient mixing layer attached on the base layer; the molar ratio of the Sn catalyst to the organic accessory ingredient is 100:1 to 30:1; and the loading amount of the Sn catalyst in the electrode is 0.1-5mg/cm<-2>. In the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, the base layer plays the effects of a supporting body, electric conduction, and forming liquid and gas transmission channels; the Sn catalyst catalyzes reduction of carbon dioxide while the organic accessory ingredient can stabilize an intermediate reactant CO<2>.-, so that the concentration of CO<2> is improved, overpotential in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide is lowered, and current density and efficiency are improved; and in addition, the accessory ingredient in the electrode also anchors the Sn catalyst on the surface of the carbon base, so that the electrode has quite high stability.

The invention provides a low-temperature lithium ion battery anode material and a method for preparing the same, and belongs to the field of lithium ion battery anode materials. By the aid of the low-temperature lithium ion battery anode material and the method, the technical problems of poor low-temperature performance of existing lithium ion batteries and incapability of meeting market demands on electric vehicles can be solved. A structural formula of the low-temperature lithium ion battery anode material is LiNi<x>Co<y>Mn<z>M<e>O<2>, wherein the x is larger than or equal to 0.5 and is smaller than or equal to 1, the y is larger than or equal to 0 and is smaller than or equal to 0.3, the z is larger than or equal to 0 and is smaller than or equal to 0.3, the e is larger than or equal to 0 and is smaller than 1, the sum of the x, the y, the z and the e is equal to 1, the M represents doped trace elements, and the doped trace elements are selectively a type of Al, Mg, Zn, Ce and La. The low-temperature lithium ion battery anode material and the method have the advantages that the low-temperature lithium ion battery anode material is high in specific capacity and first charge-discharge Coulomb efficiency and excellent in low-temperature performance, and the discharge capacity of the low-temperature lithium ion battery anode material at the low-temperatures at least can reach 85% of the discharge performance of the low-temperature lithium ion battery anode material at the normal temperatures under various multiplying power conditions.

A method for preparing aluminate phosphor by means of coprecipitation, belonging to the preparing process for phosphor, comprising: (1) weighing the nitrate, carbonate, acetate or oxidate relevant to the metal according to the chemical composition of the aluminate phosphor, preparing the metallic ion mixing solution; (2) preparing ammonium acid carbonate solution, the concentration is 1~3 mol/l, modifying the pH value to be 8~10; (3) adding additive to the ammonium acid carbonate solution; (4) heating the solution to 20~80 DEG C, adding the metallic ion mixing solution to the mixing solution; (5) stirring; (6) stopping stirring, stewing or carrying out centrifugal sedimentation, dewatering, drying and getting the puffy powder; (8) igniting the dried powder; (9) washing the ignited product with deionized water to be neutral, dewatering, drying, sifting with the mesh size being 400 and getting the needed phosphor.

The invention discloses a preparation method of Eu<3+> doped molybdate red fluorescent powder used for a white light LED (Light Emitting Diode). A chemical formula of the red fluorescent powder is Sr2CaMoO6:xEu<3+>, wherein x is greater than or equal to 0.01 and less than or equal to 0.15. Raw materials are weighed according to a stoichiometric ratio, the raw materials and a fluxing agent are fully and evenly mixed, and a mixture is added into double crucibles made of corundum, wave absorbent is arranged between the double crucibles, the double crucibles are loaded into a microvan, temperature is quickly raised to 750 to 950DEG C, the mixture is sintered in an oxidation environment, and heat preservation time is 0.5 to 4h; finally, cooling, grinding, washing and drying are carried out to obtain the red fluorescent powder used for the white light LED. During microvan sintering, the fluxing agent is added to accelerate the formation and growth of molybdate polycrystal, the sintering degree of the fluorescent powder is obviously lowered, sintering time is obviously shortened, a powder body is loose and does not need to be mechanically smashed, in addition, the shapes of aluminate fluorescent powder particles are effectively controlled, and the particles with a small particle diameter and even distribution are obtained, wherein the appearance of the particles is similar to a sphere.

The invention relates to a monatomic metal/nitrogen co-doped hollow carbon sphere photo-electro-catalytic material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Silicon dioxide is used as a hard template, and metal atoms are uniformly dispersed in a polymerization process through interaction of rich functional groups of dopamine and metal salt; and after pyrolysis and carbonization, the template is etched to obtain the monatomic metal/nitrogen co-doped hollow carbon sphere material. The material has multiple synergistic effects of physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, optical/electro-catalytic conversion and the like on polysulfide. When the material is used for a lithium-sulfur battery diaphragm coating, shuttling of polysulfide can be effectively inhibited, conversion of the polysulfide is accelerated, and therefore, the electrical property of a lithium-sulfur battery is improved.

The invention discloses a polymethyl methacrylate micropore diaphragm which is mainly applied to a lithium ion battery. The micropore diaphragm is prepared by a supercritical fluid phase separation method.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a tungsten trioxide nano material. The method comprises the following steps of: placing a metal tungsten plate in deionized water or distilled water with stirring, irradiating the metal tungsten plate by using laser with wavelength of 532nm or 1,064 nm, the pulse width of between 5 and 15ns, repetition frequency of 1 to 20Hz and single pulse energy of 50 to 120mJ for at least 10 minutes to obtain tungstic acid colloidal solution and then performing aging treatment on the tungstic acid colloidal solution for at least 24 hours or adding acid into the tungstic acid colloidal solution to adjust the pH value of the tungstic acid colloidal solution to be -0.6 to 3.0 to obtain yellow precipitates, or placing the metal tungsten plate in the acid solution with the pH value of -0.6 to 3.0 with stirring, and irradiating the metal tungsten plate by using the laser with the wavelength of 532nm or 1,064 nm, the pulse width of between 5 and 15ns, repetition frequency of 1 to 20Hz and single pulse energy of 50 to 120mJ to obtain the yellow precipitates, then centrifuging and washing the yellow precipitates to obtain the tungstic acid; and placing thetungstic acid at the temperature of 480 to 520 DEG C, and annealing for at least one hour to obtain the tungsten trioxide nano material. The appearance and the size of the product can be effectively adjusted and controlled in a large range.

The invention relates to the fields of in-situ growth, morphology and density regulation of titanium dioxide-based metal oxide catalysts, environmental catalytic purification, oxidation film formation, nano-materials and nanotechnology, and concretely relates to an in-situ preparation method of a titanium dioxide-based metal oxide composite nano-catalyst material. A metal oxide seed layer directlygrows on the surface of a metal substrate by using a liquid-phase plasma discharge technology, the metal substrate can be in any shape, a nano-material directly grows on the surface of the seed layerby combining hydrothermal and ion exchange processes, and surface modification is carried out. The prepared titanium dioxide-based metal oxide catalyst material has the advantages of strong film-substrate binding force, good crystallinity, large active area, uniform material size, uniform growth distribution, adjustable morphology and high catalytic activity, and can be applied to the fields of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, automobile tail gas treatment, denitration and desulfurization treatment, industrial waste gas treatment, CO catalytic oxidation and related environment catalytic purification.