117results about How to "Rich in functional groups" patented technology

The invention discloses a graphene sponge used for enriching heavy metals or removing pollutants in water and a preparation method of the graphene sponge. The preparation method comprises the following steps: ultrasonically uniformly mixing oxidized graphene and a sodium alginate solution with a mass ratio of 1:0.1-1:10, adding an alkaline substance to adjust a pH value to be 8-10; sealing at the temperature of 60-150 DEG C to perform heating reaction for 0.5h-10h to obtain graphene hydrogel; and adding a calcium ion solution in the obtained graphene hydrogel, washing respectively with acid and water, and then drying to obtain a target product. According to the preparation method, the preparation process is simple, the raw material ingredients are relatively simple and are easily available, secondary pollution is avoided, the popularization is easy, and large-batch production can be performed; the prepared graphene sponge is relatively disperse and porous, and is large in specific surface area so that the adsorption capacity to the pollutants is increased. The problem that solid-liquid separation is difficultly performed by adopting a nanometer adsorbing agent is solved. The graphene sponge can be used for adsorbing organic pollutants and heavy metal ions in water, and can also be used for enriching trace heavy metals in water.

The invention discloses a surface modified porous carbon structural carbon fiber/sulfur composite cathode material and a preparation method thereof. The composite cathode material is formed by compounding surface modified porous carbon structural carbon fiber and elemental sulfur. The preparation method comprises the steps: firstly, preparing an organic metal frame coated carbon fiber composite by using a solvothermal method; carbonizing the composite at high temperature; and then, compounding the composite with sulfur to obtain the surface modified porous carbon structural carbon fiber/sulfur composite cathode material. The preparation method is simple; the adopted raw materials are low in cost; the prepared composite cathode material has high specific capacity and high utilization ratio of active sulfur; the cycle performance of a lithium sulfur battery is greatly improved.

The invention belongs to the field of building material additives and particularly relates to a high-slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid composite water reducer and a preparation method thereof. The polycarboxylic acid composite water reducer is prepared from, by weight, 100 parts of unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether macromonomer, 0.5-2 parts of oxidizing agent, 0.1-0.4 part of reducing agent, 0.4-0.8 part of chain transfer agent and 10-15 parts of comonomer. The preparation process of the high-slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid composite water reducer is easy and convenient to operate and environmentally friendly, and saves energy. The high-slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid composite water reducer is prepared from, by weight, 45-55% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 10-15% of modified attapulgite, 2-4% of retarder, 0.03-0.08% of defoamer, 0.01-0.05% of air entraining agent, 5-8% of absolute ethyl alcohol, 4-7% of modified hydrotalcite and the balance water. The high-slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid composite water reducer is good in adaptability and has excellent dispersion, slump retaining and slow release performance.

The present invention discloses a method for using pennisetum hydridum lignin for preparation of active carbon and application of the active carbon, the method comprises the following steps: hydrothermal coke can be prepared from the pennisetum hydridum lignin as a raw material by a hydrothermal method, the hydrothermal coke is impregnated with a solution of phosphoric acid, then the impregnated hydrothermal coke is put into a muffle furnace for carbonization, and finally the impregnated hydrothermal after the carbonization is activated by a hydrochloric acid solution, washed and dried to obtain the active carbon. The active carbon prepared from a pennisetum hydridum waste residue is just suitable for detoxification and decoloration of a hydrolyzate after pennisetum hydridum hydrolysis due to the pore size of the active carbon, and compared with the decolorization effect of purchased commodity active carbon, the decolorization effect of the active carbon is better.

The present invention relates to a preparation process of a phosphorus-and-nitrogen-doped graphene porous carbon composite material. The preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) hydrothermal reaction: dissolving a nitrogen source into deionized water, adding a graphene oxide solution and performing ultrasound for a pre-set time, adding a phosphorus source and performing ultrasound for a pre-set time to obtain a mixed solution, and then transferring the mixed solution to a high pressure reactor and performing the hydrothermal reaction to obtain a hydrogel, wherein the nitrogen source is one or more of aromatic polyamines, and the phosphorus source is phosphoric acid or phosphate; (2) oxidative polymerization: adding the hydrogel in step (1) into a ferric chloride solution after the hydrogel is cooled, and sealing and standing the mixed solution under a predetermined temperature for a pre-set time to obtain a composite hydrogel; and (3) carbonization activation. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity, low cost and high production efficiency, no pollutants generate, and the prepared phosphorus-and-nitrogen-doped graphene porous carbon composite materialhas excellent specific capacitance value, high cycle stability, high energy density and excellent electrochemical performance when the material is applied to super capacitor electrodes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of semiconductor photocatalysts, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a nitrogen defect/boron doped tubular carbon nitride photocatalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: putting melamine and phosphoric acid into a high-pressure kettle containing deionized water to carry out hydrothermal reaction, washing the reacted product with deionized water, carrying out vacuum drying to obtain a substance which is a supramolecular precursor, conducting calcining again, naturally conducting cooling and conducting grinding to obtain tubular carbon nitride; mixing tubular carbon nitride and NaBH4, then conducting uniform grinding, and putting the mixture into a porcelain boat for calcination; and washing the calcined product with HCl and distilled water, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the nitrogen defect/boron doped tubular carbon nitride photocatalyst, which is marked as a D-TCN photocatalyst. The synergistic effect of nitrogen defect/boron doping and the tubular structure can effectively promote light capture, accelerate charge transfer and promote exposure of more active sites, and the effects of photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics and decomposition of water to produce hydrogen activity can be remarkably enhanced.

The invention belongs to the field of chemical industry, and relates to a preparation method of graphene quantum dots for Hg<2+> detection and tumor diagnosis. The preparation method comprises: mixingan organic acid and a certain amount of azide-based functionalizing reagent, dissolving in water, stirring, and evaporating to obtain a mixture; carrying out a heating reaction on the prepared mixture at a certain temperature for a certain time to obtain functionalized graphene quantum dots; and dissolving the prepared functionalized graphene quantum dots in water, and carrying out tumor cell imaging or Hg<2+> concentration fluorescence determination. According to the present invention, the functionalized graphene quantum dots are prepared by using the organic acid as the carbon source and using the azide-based compound as the functionalizing reagent through the one-step reaction so as to achieve the specific recognition of tumor cells, and the specific bonding of the Hg<2+> and the functionalized graphene quantum dots can produce significant fluorescence quenching so as to achieve the highly-sensitive and highly-selective determination of the Hg<2+> concentration in the water sample.

The invention provides a method for preparing graphene oxide. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing graphite, an intercalator and an auxiliary intercalator, and performing a reaction so as to obtain a reaction mixture; secondly, cooling, performing a secondary reaction on the reaction mixture obtained in the former step and an oxidant, adding water, and performing a heating reaction so as to obtain an intermediate system, wherein the mass ratio of the graphite to the oxidant is 1:(1.5-2.0); and finally further performing a reaction on the intermediate system obtained in the former step with a reducing agent, thereby obtaining the graphene oxide, wherein the mole ratio of a carbon element to an oxygen element in the graphene oxide is (1.6-2):1; and the lamella thickens of the graphene oxide is 5-10nm. The invention proposes a concept of moderate oxidation, with specific preparation steps, the mole ratio of carbon and oxygen elements is controlled within a specific range, the graphene oxide which is high in hardness and complete in surface structure is prepared, and the conductivity of graphene prepared later is improved. The method is simple and feasible and beneficial to industrial production.

The invention discloses a hyperbranched polysiloxane-based photoresist. In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing photocurable resins with high viscosity and cured products that cannot be converted into functional devices, the invention provides a hyperbranched polysiloxane based photoresist. The photoresist is matrix resin, and its components are 30-90% hyperbranched polysiloxane, 10-70% active diluent and 2-5% photoinitiator. The invention contains methacryloyl groups, has the characteristics of low viscosity, multi-functionality, high reactivity, etc., can be quickly cured by light, and the cured product can be converted into silicon-based ceramics.

The invention discloses an organic and inorganic hybrid composite silver nanoparticle as well as a preparation method and an application of the organic and inorganic hybrid composite silver nanoparticle. The preparation method comprises the steps: firstly, preparing a conductive polymer nanoparticle from a near-infrared conductive polymer by using a re-sedimentation method, then, adding the conductive polymer nanoparticle into a Tris-HCl solution containing dopamine, carrying out stirring for polydopamine modification, carrying out centrifugal purification and reducing silver nitrate by usingglucose to finally form a silver-loaded nanoparticle. The conductive polymer nanoparticle disclosed by the invention has a strong near-infrared adsorption effect so as to have efficient photothermal properties; a polydopamine modification layer not only provides a reduction site of the silver nanoparticle by utilizing abundant functional groups on the surface, but also can further enhance the photothermal properties of the nanoparticle; and the silver nanoparticle has efficient antibacterial property, and the composite silver nanoparticle simultaneously has photothermal antibacterial and silver nanometer antibacterial effects after overcoming the defect of poor stability.

The invention discloses a novel municipal sludge conditioner. The novel municipal sludge conditioner comprises a sludge biochar and ferrate, the mass ratio of the sludge biochar to the ferrate is 2-130:3, and the sludge biochar is prepared by the following steps that pretreated municipal sludge is pyrolyzed at 300-900 DEG C for 1-4 hours in an inert gas atmosphere. The municipal sludge conditionerbased on the municipal sludge as a raw material provides a novel way for the treatment and disposal of sludge dewatering and resource utilization.

The invention relates to a Raman sensor and a production method thereof. A Raman sensor substrate comprises a graphene carrier and nano gold particles grown in situ on the graphene carrier. Upon preparation, graphene oxide solution and HAuCl4 solution are mixed well; pH is adjusted to alkaline level under violent stirring; hydrothermal reaction is carried out; separation is performed to obtain theRaman sensor substrate; the synthesized Raman sensor substrate is dropwise added onto a gold membrane about 200 nm in thickness; the Raman sensor is produced then by drying. Compared with the prior art, the Raman sensor and the production method thereof have the advantages that no additional reducing agents and stabilizers are used, gold nano particles uniform in size are directly grown in situ on the surface of graphene, the adsorbing property of carbon nano material and hotspot effect of the gold nano particles are effectively combined to construct the Raman sensor substrate which is good and clean. Background interference signal is weak, and sensitivity of the Raman sensor is evidently improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of blocky porous carbon with a large specific surface area. Phenols, polysaccharides, water and ionic liquid are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:(1-4):(10-40):(0.01-1). The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the phenols and the polysaccharides; adding deionized water; stirring the mixture at a temperature of 50 DEG C in order that the phenols and the polysaccharides are fully dissolved; adding the ionic liquid; uniformly mixing at a temperature of 50 DEG C while stirring; putting the mixture into a microwave oven of which the power is 400-1000w; heating for 10-600s; flushing the obtained material with water and ethanol, and drying to obtain a blocky porous carbon material with a large specific surface area. In the method, the polysaccharides and the phenols are used as reaction monomers, the ionic liquid is added to serve as a solvent and a templating agent, and heating is performed through a one-step microwave method to form the blocky porous carbon with the large specific surface area. The specific surface area of the prepared blocky porous carbon is up to 1500m<2>/g. The method has the advantages of simple process, convenience in operation, less equipment, further reduction of the cost, convenience in popularization and application, and suitability for mass production.

The invention relates to an enzyme-free electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on an AgNFs-Pt nano-composite material, and preparation. AgNO<3> solution is mixed with bovine serum albumin solution; after stirring, ascorbic acid solution is added; AgNFs solution is obtained by reaction; centrifugal washing is carried out; then, H<2>PtCl<6> solution is added into the washed material; after reaction, the solution is subjected to centrifugal washing, so that AgNFs-Pt solution is obtained; the AgNFs-Pt solution drops on the surface of the working electrode of the electrochemical sensor; andthus, the enzyme-free electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on the AgNFs-Pt nano-composite material is prepared. Compared with the prior art, an enzyme-free electrochemical hydrogen peroxidesensor construction method is simple, safe and rapid, and has very high sensitivity, wide linear detection range and low detection limit; a signal can be detected at very-low hydrogen peroxide concentration; simultaneously, a method for synthesizing a nano material required by assembling is green, environment-friendly, simple and easy to operate; the catalytic effect is good; and the material canbe used as a novel enzyme-free nano catalytic material.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing o-alkenyl phenol derivate. The synthesizing method is characterized in that Uhlmann C-O coupling reaction, olefin reaction and pyridine group removing reaction are carried out to prepare the o-alkenyl phenol derivate. According to the method, different R1 groups are selected to obtain different phenol derivate, and thus o-alkenyl phenol derivate of different types can be obtained; the phenol deviate raw materials which are low in price and easy to obtain are used, so that the raw material selecting range is expanded, and the cost is reduced. The reaction product obtained by the method are rich in functional groups, and high in reaction performance; if an R2 groups is a specific group, the reaction product can be further hydrolyzed to obtain an o-hydroxycinnamic acid derivate; meanwhile, the method is simple in reaction steps, mild in reaction conditions, free from dangerous agents, easy to operate, and high in practicability.

The invention discloses a preparation method of waterborne polyurethane resin. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out polymerization, namely mixing the components in parts by weight: 0.1-20 parts of graphene oxide, 200-230 parts of poly(neopentyl glycol adipate), 40-50 parts of dimethylolpropionic acid, 40-70 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone and 500-700 parts of deionized water, placing the mixture into reaction kettle, and slowly dropping 100-120 parts of diisocyanate; 2) carrying out chain extension, namely adding triethylamine for neutralization, carrying out a reaction for 1h, adding 30-50 parts of acetone, carrying out rapid cooling to 10-20 DEG C, adding 30-70 parts of ketimine, and carrying out decompression to remove acetone to obtain a fluorescent semitransparent waterborne polyurethane dispersoid; and 3) dropwise adding a vitamin C solution for an in-situ reduction reaction. The preparation method is simple and convenient in process, low in cost andenvironment-friendly, and the waterborne polyurethane resin is particularly suitable for application as a coating raw material of water supply pipelines for residents due to good water resistance andno environment pollution and can also be used for sockets for residential electricity and wire coatings due to good insulation properties and corrosion resistance.

The invention discloses a carbon-coated manganous-manganic oxide composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, the composite material takes manganous-manganic oxide as an innercore, and the surface of the composite material is coated with an amorphous carbon layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving potassium permanganate and glucose in a solvent, stirring, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the obtained mixed solution, centrifuging, washing, filtering, and drying to obtain a carbon-coated manganous-manganic oxide precursor; and calcining, pickling, washing and drying the carbon-coated manganous-manganic oxide precursor to obtain the carbon-coated manganous-manganic oxide composite material. The carbon-coated manganous-manganic oxidecomposite material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of good adsorption performance, high catalytic activity, good stability and the like, can realize efficient degradation of organic pollutants, has good reutilization performance, and has good use value and application prospect. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in overall process flow, low in requirements on equipment and reaction parameters and beneficial to large-scale production.