223results about How to "Control reaction rate" patented technology

The invention provides a method for preparing spherical nano-silver particles and belongs to the field of nanotechnology. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing sodium salt, macromolecular protective agent and polyhydric alcohol uniformly to obtain a mixed solution A; (2) mixing silver nitrate and polyhydric alcohol uniformly to obtain a mixed solution B; (3) dropwise adding the mixed solution A into the mixed solution B, and mixing the solutions A and B uniformly to obtain a colloidal solution; (4) heating and reacting the colloidal solution obtained in step (3) for 1-5 min under the radiation of microwave of 300-550 W, and cooling the reaction product to the room temperature to obtain the spherical nano-silver particles, wherein the macromolecular protective agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone or citric acid. The spherical nano-silver particles prepared by the method have the advantages of uniform particle size, dispersibility, short reaction time, high production efficiency and high yield.

The invention discloses a preparation process of high-purity phosphorus pentafluoride, which comprises the following steps of: firstly adding phosphorous pentachloride into a feed hopper of a spiral feeder under the protection of dry gas in a glove box to assemble a gas circulation loop, and simultaneously adding inert gas into the gas circulation loop in advance; starting a spiral stirring reaction furnace, simultaneously injecting mixed gas of hydrogen fluoride and fluorine gas into the spiral stirring reaction furnace, and controlling the reaction process by controlling the rotation frequency of the phosphorous pentachloride in the spiral feeder, the temperature of gas flow at the outlet of the spiral stirring reaction furnace and the pressure of the gas circulation loop; freezing the phosphorus pentafluoride gas and the hydrogen fluoride gas generated in the reaction process and unreacted hydrogen fluoride gas by a condenser-evaporator, and collecting high-purity phosphorus pentafluoride gas after reaction. The method is simple and effective and can be operated easily.

The invention discloses a synthesizing method for organic silicon micro-balls with performances of super hydrophobicity and high temperature resistant, which relates to the synthesizing method of organic silicon. The synthesizing method for the organic silicon micro-balls comprises the following steps: firstly hydrolyzing n-silicate ester of which the structural formula is Si(ORn)4 (n is the number of carbon atom), and then forming a spherical pre-polymer after polycondensation; adding alkylchlorosilane of which the structural formula is Cl2Si(Rn)2 (n is the number of carbon atoms) or alkoxy silane of which the structural formula is (Rn)2Si(ORn)2 (n is the number of carbon atoms), so as to obtain the organic silicon micro-balls of which surfaces are fully provided with alkyls after copolycondensation. The obtained micro-balls have good dispersibility, and have characteristics of super hydrophobicity and high temperature resistant and the range of particle diameter is within 0.5-10 microns. The organic silicon micro-balls are simple in production technology, free form pollution during the production process and convenient for post-treatment technology, and can be widely applied to rubber, plastic and adhesive, so as to improve the temperature resistant performance of basis materials. The organic silicon micro-balls also can be applied to coating and self-prepared hydrophobic self-cleaned coating.

The invention discloses an in-situ chemical oxidation repairing method for organic matter contaminated groundwater. The method comprises the following steps of injecting a solution A into the organicmatter contaminated groundwater for maintenance for 6-18 hours, then injecting a solution B for maintenance for 2-6 hours, finally injecting a solution C for maintenance for 12-24 hours, and circularly repeating the steps above till groundwater contaminant detection satisfies standards; the solution A is a mixed solution of ferrate, an alkaline solution and a stabilizer; the solution B is a complexing agent aqueous solution; the solution C is hydrogen peroxide diluted with water. According to the method, ferrate is used for pre-oxidizing and encapsulating non-soluble reducing substances in a precipitation part to reduce the content of pollutants and reducing substances in the groundwater, and meanwhile ferrate provides iron ions for hydrogen peroxide to achieve a catalytic oxidation reaction, so that the effect of efficient removal of the organic pollutants is achieved. By applying the chemical method to in-situ chemical oxidation of the groundwater, a better oxidation effect can be achieved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of aluminum sol for chemical binder. The preparation method comprises the following step of: preparing aluminum soil by using industrial hydrochloric acid, aluminum ingot with purity of more than 99% and water, wherein the mass ratio of the added aluminum ingot to the hydrochloric acid to the water is 10w%-40w%, 15w%-35w%, 40w%-60w%; the reaction temperature is 85 DEG C-95 DEG C; in the prepared aluminum soil, the content of aluminum is 10%-15%, the content of chlorine is 7%-15%, the aluminum-chlorine ratio is 1.33-2.3, the content of aluminum oxide is 20%-28%, the pH value is 2.6-3.8 and the density is 1.2g/cm<3>-1.6g/cm<3>, so that not only can the Al/Cl ratio be improved, but also the content of other metal impurities in the aluminum soil are reduced. Besides, the adding of hydrochloric acid is controlled by a flow rate meter, so that not only can the whole reaction velocity be controlled, but also the whole process can be controlled to carry out under a relatively stable pH, and therefore, the corrosion to the device is lowered.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing high molecular weight instant anionic polyacrylamide, which is characterized in that: an alkaline hydrolysis method is adopted, and comprises the following steps of: preparing aqueous solution of acrylamide monomer from the acrylamide monomer by using deionized water, adding a hydrolytic agent, a composite initiator and an auxiliary agent, regulating the pH value to be between 8.5 and 12, introducing nitrogen, expelling oxygen and sealing a system at the temperature of between 10 and 25 DEG C, polymerizing under the heat insulation condition, and hydrolyzing, crushing, drying and grinding to obtain instant anionic polyacrylamide solid powder with the viscosity-average molecular weight of 15,000,000 to 21,000,000 and the dissolution time of shorter than 0.5 hour. A novel coordination agent and a novel pH value regulator are adopted, the method is easy and convenient to operate, the initiation speed of the monomer is high, the dissolution speed of a product is high, the reaction rate and the molecular weight of the product are controllable, the method is suitable for production on different scales, and the product is suitable for industries such as papermaking dispersants, tertiary oil recovery, beneficiation, sewage treatment and the like.

The invention provides a method for compositing a Fe3O4 nanorod structure through a gas-liquid interface under the magnetic induction. The method comprises the following steps of: introducing ammonia into a solution dissolved with iron ions and ferrous ions under the regulation of an external magnetic field, and standing for 70-90 minutes at the temperature of 55-75 DEG C until a black brown sediment appears in the solution; and cooling to room temperature, washing with distilled water and alcohol respectively, vacuum-drying, and obtaining a Fe3O4 nanorod with the length of the namorod structure being 30-120 nm. The magnetism of the Fe3O4 nanorod structure can be analyzed and discovered by using a vibrating sample magnetometer, the residual magnetism and a coercive force of the Fe3O4 nanorod structure both can be omitted under the condition without the external magnetic field, the saturation magnetization is 75-80 emu/g, and the superparamagnetism is expressed at the room temperature; and simultaneously, the Fe3O4 nanorod structure also has a higher magnetic responsibility and has a potential application prospect in fields of targeted therapy and shielding.

A novel process of manufacturing sevelamer carbonate from a polyallylamine carbonate or bicarbonate chloride salt. Process for manufacture of carbonate and/or bicarbonate salts of water insoluble polymers containing amino groups that are useful as anion binders in the gastrointestinal (GI) system. The process arranges the polyallylamine chain in a solution in such a way that the cross-linking reaction with epichlorohydrin can be controlled at a desired reaction rate.

The invention discloses magnesium hydride compound powder. The magnesium hydride compound powder is mainly prepared from raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 100 parts of magnesium powder, 5.3-11.4 parts of graphite, 0.5-2.3 parts of graphene and 0-1.7 parts of an antioxidant, the raw materials are subjected to ball milling for 1-2.5 h at the temperature of 150-200 DEG C under the hydrogen atmosphere, and the magnesium hydride compound powder with the particle size of 15-25 nm is prepared. The invention further discloses a hydrogen preparation and storage integrated device adopting the magnesium hydride compound powder. The hydrogen preparation and storage integrated device comprises a feeding device, a water supply device, a hydrogen generator and a hydrogen separation device, wherein a powder spraying device and a water spraying device are arranged on the hydrogen generator; a powder output port of the feeding device is connected with a powder input port of the powder spraying device; a water outlet of the water supply device is connected with a water inlet of the water spraying device; a mixed gas input port of the hydrogen separation device is connected with a mixed gas output port of the hydrogen generator. A small amount of graphite and graphene is added to magnesium hydride, and reaction kinetics of magnesium hydride is improved; the raw materials and water are added to the hydrogen generator in a spraying manner, so that the reaction efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a poly-o-phenylenediamine nanometer metal composite particle and a preparation method. The poly-o-phenylenediamine nanometer metal composite particle has a nuclear shell self-assembly structure. The preparation method comprises the steps that nanometer metal particles are produced through metal salt under the protection of dispersion-stabilizer by taking sodium borohydride as the reducing agent; the surface layer of the nanometer metal particle is bonded stably with the amidogen of o-phenylenediamine; the solution polymerization of o-phenylenediamine is then triggered with ammonium persulfate as the oxidant, so that the poly-o-phenylenediamine nanometer metal composite particle is obtained. The core of the composite particle is nanometer metal, and the shell of the composite particle is amidogen grafted polyaniline; the sterilization property of the nanometer metal and the biotoxicity of polyaniline realizes synergistic effect, meanwhile, polyaniline is insoluble in water, and the environmental safety of antibacterial powder is improved. The poly-o-phenylenediamine nanometer metal composite particle and the preparation method have the advantages that the specific surface is large, the antibiosis range is large, the sterilization effect is durable, the conductivity is high and stable, the service life is long, the composite particle can be used as antiseptic agent and antifouling additive, and is particularly suitable for marine antiseptic antifouling paint.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nano-copper through ultrasonic liquid phase reduction, and belongs to the technical field of nano-materials. According to the method, under the ultrasonic reaction condition, copper nitrate serves as a copper source, ascorbic acid serves as a reducing agent, ethyl alcohol serves as an organic solvent, polyvinylpyrrolidone serves as a protective agent, and the nano-copper is prepared through liquid phase reduction. The nano-copper prepared through the method is narrow in nano-copper particle size distribution scope, good in dispersibility and stability, high in safety and capable of being applied to the fields of medicines, foods, feed and the like. In addition, the method is simple in production process, low in production cost and environment-friendly, facilities large-scale production, has the important economical and social significance, and is wide in development prospect.

This invention discloses a method to prepare polyvinyl fluoride in which vinyl fluoride is adopted as monomers for polymerization. It has the characteristics that polymerization takes place with the existence of soluble radical initiators and auxiliary reagents. The auxiliary reagents in this invention can be: A) neutral inorganic salts; B) alkali or alkali compounds; C) acid or acidic compounds. This invention has the advantages that compared to previous literature, a) polymerization time can be reduced and efficiency of catalyst and facility can be promoted without obvious change in product properties such as intrinsic viscosity, melting point and melting heat by addition of auxiliary reagent A); b) melting point and melting heat of the product can be raised by addition of auxiliary reagent B); c) melting point and melting heat of the product can be lowered by addition of auxiliary reagent C). The polyvinyl fluoride membrane by melting tape-casting extrusion with potential solvent such as N, N-dimethylformamide and biaxial orientation of vinyl fluoride has wonderful comprehensive properties.

The invention discloses an intermittent fluidization thermal energy and chemical energy storage and release reaction device and a working method. The device comprises a fluidization system, a heat exchange system and a gas-solid separation system. The fluidization system is located at the bottom of the reaction device. The heat exchange system is located in the middle of the reaction device. The gas-solid separation system is located at the top of the reaction device. The fluidization system is connected with the heat exchange system through an internal horizontal baffle. The heat exchange system is connected with the gas-solid separation system through a cyclone separator. The gas-solid separation system is connected with the fluidization system through an external material guide pipe. According to the intermittent fluidization thermal energy and chemical energy storage and release reaction device and the working method, a thermochemistry energy storage mode is adopted, and the thermal conversion efficiency is high; backmixing of reactants is reduced through an intermittent reaction; the reaction is more sufficient through secondary gas inlet; the energy storage process and the energy release process are conducted independently, and operation is easy; and the gas-solid separation system is arranged internally, so that the separated gas has the advantages of being purer and easy to recycle. The intermittent fluidization thermal energy and chemical energy storage and release reaction device and the working method can be used for occasions of solar-powered Rankine power generation or other large-scale thermal energy storage, and the thermal energy grade is improved.

The invention discloses light-cured liquid resin for three-dimensional molding. The light-cured liquid resin for three-dimensional molding is prepared from the following components in percent by mass:10-70% of first polyurethane acrylate with the degree of functionality being 2, 10-50% of second polyurethane acrylate with the degree of functionality being 3-6, 1-40% of a crosslinking agent monomer, 10-50% of an active diluent, 0-10% of tackifying resin and 0.1-5% of a photoinitiator. The speed of a reaction process of the light-cured liquid resin is controlled by using a lot of high molecularweight polyurethane acrylate resin and the low content small molecular diluent. The high molecular weight polyurethane acrylate polymer is long in side chain and the steric hindrance of the side chain reduces influence of shrinkage in a polymerization process greatly, so that the shrinkage rate of the polyurethane acrylate system resin in the polymerization process is reduced obviously. In addition, according to the high content polyurethane acrylate contained in the acrylate system, the mechanical strength of the acrylate resin is improved greatly, and the light-cured liquid resin has wide application performance.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nano aluminum oxide dispersion iron powder, which belongs to the technical field of metal dispersion strengthening. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing mixed solution of ferric nitrate and aluminum nitrate in certain proportion; secondly, adding a proper amount of urea into the solution; thirdly, when the urea is completely dissolved in the solution, heating the solution to the temperature of between 70 and 90 DEG C with stirring to perform a reaction for a certain period of time; fourthly, performing centrifugal separation on an obtained product, putting the product obtained after removing clear solution in a drying box, and drying the product at the temperature of between 80 and 100 DEG C; and finally, calcining the product in a muffle furnace at the temperature of between 500 and 700 DEG C to obtain superfine oxide mixed powder. The method has the advantages that: a precipitating agent in the solution is obtained through urea decomposition to ensure that a precipitation reaction in the solution is performed uniformly; the nucleation rate and the reaction rate of particles can be controlled to obtain nano-particles; the mixed powder which is uniformly mixed and has high dispersibility and fine particle size can be prepared; and the method is easy to apply and popularize.

The invention discloses an environmental control and life support system for an underground refuge chamber for a coal mine. The environmental control and life support system comprises an oxygen generating device for generating oxygen through an oxygen generating device, a refrigerating device for generating cool air by means of reacting with a phase-change material by using heat generated in an oxygen generating process, an eddy current refrigerator which is connected with the refrigerating device and is used for controlling the temperature of the phase-change material, a carbon dioxide absorption platform for removing carbon dioxide in air, and a carbon monoxide catalyzing device for removing carbon monoxide in the air. The environmental control and life support system provided by the invention uses the oxygen generating device to carry out a pure chemical reaction to generate oxygen without an electric energy source, uses the refrigerating device to remove the heat generated by the oxygen generating device and cool the cool air supplied for the refuge chamber simultaneously, and has the advantages of no need of manual control in an entire process, environmental friendless and energy conservation. The absorption of indoor carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide can be further enhanced through the carbon monoxide catalyzing device and the carbon dioxide absorption platform. Furthermore, the carbon monoxide catalyzing device and the carbon dioxide absorption platform can work without electric power, so that the electric resource in the refuge chamber is greatly saved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-crystallinity covalent organic framework membrane by using an ionic liquid-water interface. The method comprises the following steps of: dissolving an aldehyde monomer in a hydrophobic ionic liquid to obtain a solution A; dissolving an amine monomer and an acid catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid in deionized water to obtain a solution B; transferring the solution A into a reactor, adding deionized water to the surface of the solution A, layering, adding the solution B to the upper part of the deionized water layer, and performing a reaction for more than 3 days in the reactor under the condition of still standing at room temperature, so as tosynthesize the covalent organic framework membrane by using a double-diffusion control mechanism that the hydrogen-bond interaction of the acid catalyst and the amine monomer and the high viscosity of hydrophobic ionic liquid are utilized and the diffusion rates of the two monomers are limited at the same time. The covalent organic framework membrane prepared by the method has very high crystallinity, the specific surface area of themembrane is increased by 4 times compared with that of a covalent organic framework membrane synthesized on a traditional dichloromethane-water interface, and the solvent flux is also increased by 2 times under the condition that dye interception is not influenced.

The invention provides a polycarboxylate superplasticizer based on phenyl hydroxyl block modification. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer is mainly prepared from the following main components: 3-7 parts of benzene ring monomers; 5-8 parts of a hydroxyl monomer; 352 to 368 parts of a polyether macromonomer; 17 to 26 parts of acrylic acid; 1.1 to 1.8 parts of an initiator a; 2.1 to 2.5 parts of aninitiator b; 1.1 to 1.5 parts of a chain transfer agent; and the balance of water. Wherein the total mass of the raw materials is 1000 parts, and the mass fraction is 40%. The reaction rate and molecular weight distribution of polycarboxylic acid are effectively controlled, and the performance is better.