187results about How to "The reaction process is green and environmentally friendly" patented technology

The invention discloses a synthesis method of dicamba, which comprises the following steps of: using 2, 5-dichlorophenol as raw materials, conducting sulfonation and bromination reaction to obtain 4-hydroxy-2, 5-dichloro-3-bromobenzenesulfonic acid, treating the 4-hydroxy-2, 5-dichloro-3-bromobenzenesulfonic acid by using alkyl metal complexes of magnesium or lithium, conducting electrophilic addition reaction with CO2 to obtain 5-sulfo-3, 6-diclorsalicylic acid, removing the sulfo of the 5-sulfo-3, 6-diclorsalicylic acid and conducting O-methylation reaction with methyl chloride to obtain the dicamba. The synthesis method of dicamba has the advantages that since the 2, 5-dichlorophenol is used as the raw materials, the raw materials for reaction are easy to obtain, the reaction process is environmental-friendly, the quality of the obtained product is high, the yield is high and the application value is greater.

The invention provides a method for preparing a gardenia red pigment by using an immobilized enzyme, which comprises the following steps of: using geniposide as a raw material; performing alkaline hydrolysis and acidification on the raw material, and adding the immobilized enzyme into the raw material to perform enzymolysis; filtering the mixture to obtain enzymolysis solution; adding a primary amino compound into the enzymolysis into to perform a reaction; filtering the mixture to obtain solution of the gardenia red pigment; and performing acid deposition, deposition washing neutralization, dehydration and drying on the solution of the gardenia red pigment to obtain the gardenia red pigment. The method has the advantages that: an enzyme preparation can be recycled, the reaction condition is mild, an acid deposition method is adopted to perform enrichment, the process is simple, the energy consumption is low, and a product can be separated easily. The gardenia red pigment prepared by the method can obviously reduce the production cost. The product has the maximum absorption of 530 nm, has high water-solubility and high light, heat, acid, alkali and metal ion stability, and is favorable for widening the application range of the gardenia red pigment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas-water collecting and transporting and discloses an oil field crude oil pour point depressant and a preparing method of the oil field crude oil pour point depressant. The preparing method includes the steps that acrylic ester or metacrylic acid ester is mixed with perfluor carboxylic ester firstly, an organic solvent is added, the temperature rises, and stirring is conducted; then styrene is added, the temperature rises under the nitrogen protection, an organic solvent solution of an initiator is dripped, and a product A is obtained after a reaction; and finally, a-olefin, a polymer B and the product A are mixed and evenly stirred, and the oil field crude oil pour point depressant is obtained. The oil field crude oil pour point depressant has the paraffin prevention pour point depressing function, does not contain chlorine, is very suitable for transporting of crude oil of an offshore oil field and has the characteristics that the dosage is small, and the pour point depressing amplitude is large. The preparing method of the oil field crude oil pour point depressant is simple, a polar group containing fluorine is directly introduced into a molecular chain through a further reaction, the reaction process is easy to control, safe, reliable and environment-friendly, and high general applicability is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of the preparation of organic / inorganic microspheres, and in particular relates to a method for grafting an organic polymer on the surface of an inorganic nano magnetic particle by adopting a soap-free emulsion polymerization method. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing and obtaining a magnetic nano particle with a reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer agent decorated on the surface according to the prior art, wherein a Z radical is carbazole, and an R radical is a magnetic monox composite nano particle with benzyl; and (2) combining a polymerization system from the magnetic nano particle with the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer agent decorated on the surface, which is obtained from the steps (1), an oil-soluble monomer, an initiator and water to form a polymerization system, carrying out reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization in a soap-free emulsion system in an inert atmosphere under a stirring condition and centrifugally separating to obtain the magnetic nano particle which has a polymer shell and uses the magnetic silica nano particle as a core. The invention avoids using an organic solvent andor an emulsifier in one aspect and has acan controllable the polymerization process in the other aspect.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-entropy oxide material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving metal nitrate in deionized water, and carrying out uniform stirring; 2) adding a precipitant into a solution obtained in the step 1), and carrying out uniform stirring; 3) preparing hydroxide solid powder from the solution obtained in the step 2) by using a hydrothermal method; and 4) putting the solid powder obtained in the step 3) into a low-temperature plasma reactor for treatment to obtain a high-entropy oxide. By adopting liquid-phase proportioning, metal elements can be uniformly mixed at a molecular level, high-temperature calcination treatment is avoided in the synthesis process, energy consumption is remarkably reduced, reaction conditions are mild, reaction process is green and environment-friendly, almost no pollution is caused, and wastes are rarely generated. The high-entropy oxide material prepared by the method is uniform in morphology, the high-entropy oxide material is determined to be a spinel phase according to XRD, and element content determination shows that the proportion of contained elements is close to equimolar.

The invention provides a preparation method of dimethyl succinate. The method comprises the steps of mixing maleic anhydride, an alcohol compound, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst and conducting esterification hydrogenation reaction to obtain the dimethyl succinate. According to the method, the maleic anhydride, the alcohol compound and hydrogen serve as raw materials, the carbon dioxide serves as a solvent and an acid catalyst, under catalysis of the hydrogenation catalyst, the esterification hydrogenation reaction is conducted, and the dimethyl succinate is obtained. The carbon dioxide serves as the solvent of the esterification hydrogenation reaction and the acid catalyst, high catalytic activity is achieved, and the reaction rate is improved; the carbon dioxide and water generated in the reaction process can form acid, and an obtained product has certain solubility in the carbon dioxide, so that the reaction can be conducted in a positive direction, and the conversion rate and the production rate of the dimethyl succinate are improved. Experimental results show that the yield rate of the obtained dimethyl succinate exceeds 99%.

The invention provides a new synthesis method of a vilazodone hydrochloride intermediate 3-(4-chlorobutyl)-5-cyanoindole, belonging to the technical field of medicine synthesis. The invention solves the following problems in the prior art: the synthesis yield of the 3-(4-chlorobutyl)-5-cyanoindole is low, and dangerous sodium borohydride and anhydrous aluminum trichloride are used as reduction catalysts. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolution of alcohol: in a nitrogen or inert gas protective atmosphere, dissolving 1,1-dimethoxy-6-chlorohexane in an alcohol-water mixed solution, and heating to dissolve the 1,1-dimethoxy-6-chlorohexane; and (2) Fischer indole cyclization reaction: slowly and dropwisely adding 4-cyanophenylhydrazine hydrochloride and an alcohol-pure water mixed solvent into the reaction solution in the step (1) to carry out Fischer indole cyclization reaction, carrying out vacuum filtration, and recrystallizing to obtain the 3-(4-chlorobutyl)-5-cyanoindole. The method has the advantage of mild reaction and is simple to operate; and the final product has the advantages of high yield and good quality.

The invention relates to the technologies of self-propagating reaction and welding and cutting by the unmanned plane, particularly to a self-propagating-reaction-based high-altitude welding and cutting method by an unmanned plane. During the whole welding / cutting process, the self-propagating chemical reaction is used for releasing heat; and an external heat source is not required completely or is required partially. Products of the needed components and structure are obtained based on self-sustained reaction of rapid automatic wave combustion during welding. The unmanned plane is used for carrying self-propagating equipment and can arrive at a dangerous area rapidly or an area people can not reach easily. Welding / cutting of different materials can be realized by carrying self-propagating powder with different types. The self-propagating-reaction welding / current technology is combined with the unmanned plane, so that the overall welding / cutting efficiency is improved; and continuous energy supplying is not required when no ignition action is carried out, so that less energy is consumed. Moreover, the equipment is simple; presence of the staff at the working site is not required, so that operation is safe; and welding and cutting of different materials can be carried out. And the application range is wide.

The invention discloses a method for preparing piperacillin acid. The method comprises the following steps: adding ampicillin, water and a buffer solution with the pH of 6.0-9.0 into a reactor; adding EDPC into the reactor, meanwhile, adding an alkaline regulator to control the pH to be 6.0-9.0, and reacting for 30-60 minutes in the temperature range of 0 to 10 DEG C while carrying out heat preservation; and adding a solvent to crystallize, controlling the crystallizing point to be 15+ / -2 DEG C, dropwise adding an acidic regulator to regulate the end pH to be 1.5-2.0, carrying out crystal growing for 1 hour in the temperature range of 0 to 10 DEG C, and then, filtrating, washing and drying crystals, thereby obtaining the piperacillin acid finished product. According to the method, during acylation, water is used as a solvent, and the buffer solution is added, so that synthetic reaction for piperacillin acid is inhibited from going towards a reverse reaction direction, the yield of piperacillin acid is increased, and the purity of the product is improved.

The invention discloses a method for directional production of singlet oxygen by activating persulfate via a carbonylation carbon material, and relates to the method for directional production of singlet oxygen. For solving the technical problems that a photosensitizer used in a method for producing singlet oxygen is a toxic and harmful substance, is not conducive to subsequent separation and is accompanied by generation of other active oxygen species. The method comprises the steps: adding the carbonylation carbon material into to-be-treated sewage, stirring, then adding an aqueous solution of persulfate to obtain a mixed liquid, continuously stirring the mixed liquid, and thus producing the singlet oxygen for treating sewage. The new method is provided for high-efficiency and directionalproduction of the singlet oxygen, and meanwhile, the method is safe, economical and environmentally friendly, can be applied in the fields of biomedicine and water treatment, and has wide market prospects. The method is applied to the field of water treatment.

The invention discloses a manufacturing method of remaking light-colored bamboo for outdoors. By softening, rolling and combing the bamboo, the bamboo is prepared into bamboo fiber bundles , impregnation gluing is carried out in a modified phenolic resin adhesive, after the sizing bamboo fiber bundles are uniformly paved into slabs, the bamboo fiber bundles are fed into a hot press for hot press molding. A bamboo chip softening solution is set to a multi-step implementation softening solution, the soaking softening time of a conventional acid solution or a conventional alkali liquor is reduced, by occurring an acylation reaction of glacial acetic acid, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and maleic anhydride in a cooperating mode, saccharides, starch and protein can be rapidly decomposed by the acylation reaction on one hand, the damage to a cellulose microstructure is reduced and the breakage of a molecular bond of lignin is reduced, the reaction process of the acylation reaction is mild, the color of the fiber bundles is not deepened, the rinsing process is reduced, the bonding performance of the bamboo fiber bundles and the phenolic resin is increased by modifying the phenolic resin adhesive, and the overall mechanical property of a composite plate is increased by adding filler.

The invention relates to a preparation method and an application of ethylene sulfate. Ethylene sulfate is prepared through a catalytic oxidation reaction with glycol sulfite as a raw material, water as a reaction medium, metal and / or metal oxide as a catalyst and ozone as an oxidizing agent. The method has the characteristics that the yield is high, operation is convenient, aftertreatment is simple, no pollution is caused to the environment and the like.

The present invention discloses process of preparing trans-polyhydroxy diphenyl ethylene. In solvent and at 50-100 deg.c, cis-polymethoxyl substituted diphenyl ethylene under the action of demethylating reagent produces demethylating and isomerizing reaction, and through subsequent cooling, suction filtering, concentrating, re-crystallization, trans-polyhydroxy diphenyl ethylene is prepared. The preparation process of the present invention has simple operation, low reaction cost, high yield and excellent industrial application foreground.

The invention relates to an advanced treatment composite catalyst for industrial wastewater as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The composite catalyst-SKL-A is prepared by doping Mn, Co and Ni-substituted polyoxometallate PW11 with Fe and Cu, and then loading the Mn, Co and Ni-substituted polyoxometallate PW11 doped with Fe and Cu onto a modified carrier APS-SiO2. The preparation method can be used for overcoming the following defects: a Fenton process in an advanced oxidation process for advanced wastewater treatment is high in sludge amount and high in chemical feeding amount; a Fenton fluidized bed process is high in blockage possibility and difficult in continuous operation; an ozone catalytic oxidation process is low in treatment efficiency and limited in treatment capacity. The advanced treatment composite catalyst is large in specific surface area, increased in catalytic active points, improved in catalytic activity and improved in oxidation reaction velocity and oxidizing ability, has a favorable treatment effect on non-biodegradable pollutants in industrial wastewater, is low in stripping possibility during a reaction process and can be recycled. Compared with ferrous iron used as a catalyst in a Fenton reaction, the composite catalyst SKL-A is relatively efficient, broad in spectrum, and less in Fe leaching during use, and can be continuously and repeatedly used.

The invention discloses a method for preparing sulfoxide and sulfone through water phase oxidation of thioether. According to the method, H2O2 and a supported metal oxide catalyst are added to a thioether aqueous solution, and a reaction is performed to obtain sulfoxide and sulfone. According to the present invention, the reaction for preparing sulfoxide or sulfone is performed in the water phaseby using H2O2 as the oxidant without the organic solvent, wherein the product yield is high, the reaction conditions are mild, the reaction process is environmentally friendly, and the production costis low.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of phenylglyoxylic acid ester and provides a method for preparing phenylglyoxylic acid ester from mandelic acid ester by catalytic oxidation. The method comprises steps as follows: oxygen-containing gas is taken as an oxidizing agent, vanadium oxide and transition metal nitrate are taken as a composite catalyst, mandelic acid ester is subjected to one-step oxidization under mild reaction conditions at 30-150 DEG C, and phenylglyoxylic acid ester is prepared. Compared with synthetic methods such as a Friedel-Crafts acylation method, abenzoyl cyanide hydrolysis method, a styrene oxidation method and the like, the method has the advantages of a few reaction steps, simple operation and mild reaction conditions, is environmentally-friendly and has better application prospect and higher practical value, and the catalyst is cheap and efficient.

The invention relates to a cellulose graft modification method by using supercritical carbon dioxide as a green solvent, belonging to the field of high polymer chemistry. The cellulose graft modification method comprises the following steps: preparing a regenerated cellulose aerogel from cellulose, putting the regenerated cellulose aerogel, a grafting monomer and a catalyst in a supercritical carbon dioxide environment, and carrying out grafting reaction to obtain a regenerated cellulose aerogel grafting product, wherein the reaction temperature of the grafting reaction is 50-120 DEG C, the reaction pressure is 8-30 MPa, the stirring rate is 50-400 rpm, the reaction time is 1-48 hours, the regenerated cellulose aerogel accounts for 1-40 wt% of the grafting monomer, and the catalyst accounts for 0.14-3 wt% of the grafting monomer. The swelling and plastification actions of the supercritical carbon dioxide on the cellulose aerogel increase the accessibility of the regenerated cellulose aerogel, and enhance the dispersion and permeation of the monomers and the like in the regenerated cellulose aerogel.

The invention discloses a boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon / manganese oxide composite nanosheet material, a preparation method, and an application of the composite nanosheet material in capacitive deionization or in an electrode material of an electrochemical energy storage device. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding boric acid into chitosan hydrogel, uniformly mixing the boric acid and the chitosan hydrogel, freeze-drying the mixture, and carbonizing the mixture to obtain boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon nanosheets; and putting the boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon nanosheetsin a potassium permanganate solution for reaction to obtain the boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon / manganese oxide composite nanosheet material. The boron-nitrogen co-doped carbon / manganese oxide composite nanosheet material is of a mutually connected three-dimensional sheet structure. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, the reaction conditions are mild, and the carbon nanosheets are of a three-dimensional mutual connection structure. The prepared carbon / manganese oxide composite nanosheet material is rich in nitrogen and boron and is of a mesoporous-dominatedporous structure. The composite nanosheet material shows a good prospect in the fields of preparation of capacitive deionization and super capacitor electrodes and catalyst carriers.

The invention provides a preparation method for delta-chlorobutyl ester. A key point of the invention is as follows: tetrahydrofuran is used as a raw material to react with acyl chloride under catalysis of zinc chloride so as to rapidly and mildly synthesize delta-chlorobutyl ester with high yield and high purity. According to the invention, reduced pressure distillation and purification are directly carried out under the condition of no separation; unfavorable factors of low yield, long reaction time, excess usage amount of raw materials, need for expensive catalysts, severe reaction conditions and the like in conventional methods are avoided; the method is characterized by no use of a solvent or use of a small amount of the solvent, a small catalyst usage amount, a low price, mild reaction conditions and high yield; the whole process of preparation is simple and safe and costs little, and the method is applicable to industrial mass production.

The invention relates to a new method for improving a production process of water-soluble carboxymethyl chitosan by taking chitin as a raw material and sodium chloroacetate as a reactant. The method is characterized by taking chitin powder instead of chitosan powder as the raw material and adopting sodium chloroacetate for replacing high-irritation and corrosion chloroacetic acid used in conventional production for reaction, wherein the ethanol solution in certain concentration is used as the reaction solvent. The prepared carboxymethyl chitosan is capable of dissolving within the pH scope from 6.0 to 8.0, the degree of substitution is more than 80%, the degree of deacetylation is more than 70% and the purity is more than or equal to 85%. The chitosan derivative has excellent bacteria resistance, bacteriostasis, and moisture absorption and moisture retention performance and can be further purified for wide application to the fields of medicines, food or cosmetics. See abstract figuresfor the details of a schematic diagram for the process of preparing water-soluble carboxymethyl chitosan from chitin.

The invention relates to a method used for preparing cyclohexanone from phenol via hydrogenation, and belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering. According to the method, one-step synthesis of cyclohexanone is realized via phenol hydrogenation, phenol is taken as a raw material, water is taken as a solvent, an alkali metal promoted titanium dioxide loaded palladium catalyst is used for liquid phase catalytic hydrogenation, hydrogen is introduced into a reaction system until pressure ranges from 0.02 to 0.12MPa, reaction is carried out for 2h or longer at 50 to 120 DEG C with stirring. The phenol conversion rate and the cyclohexanone selectivity of the method are both higher than 99%; the method possesses following advantages: reaction conditions are mild, equipment requirement is low, the obtained production is convenient to separate, the process is green, and is friendly to the environment, no pollution is caused, phenol is converted into cyclohexanone via one-step hydrogenation, and cost is reduced.

The invention provides a method for synthesizing a spinel type high-entropy oxide material (MCoFeCrMn)3O4 by a hydrothermal method. The method comprises the steps: fully dissolving nickel nitrate or / and copper nitrate, cobalt nitrate, ferric nitrate, chromic nitrate and manganous nitrate in ultrapure water in an equimolar manner to obtain a mixed solution of metal salts; and adding a precipitant into the mixed solution, uniformly stirring, transferring into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, carrying out a hydrothermal reaction, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, carrying out reduced pressure filtration on a reaction solution, washing with ultrapure water, carrying out suction filtration, separating, precipitating and drying, and carrying out crystallization treatment on obtained solid powder to obtain the high-entropy oxide (MCoFeCrMn)3O4, wherein M is Ni or / and Cu. The high-entropy oxide is of a spinel structure, has high infrared emissivity at the wave band of 3-12 microns, can be suitable for infrared heating, has high light absorptivity at the wave band of 0.3-2.5 microns, and can be suitable for solar energy absorption.

The invention provides a novel synthesis process for 4-phenyl-1-butanol. According to the process, tetrahydrofuran is used as a raw material and rapidly and moderately reacts with acyl chloride under catalysis of zinc chloride so as to obtain high-yield high-purity 4-chlrobutanol ester; without separation, 4-chlrobutanol ester and benzene undergo Friedel-Crafts alkylation under catalysis of aluminum trichloride to obtain 4-phenyl-butanol ester; and 4-phenyl-butanol ester undergoes hydrolysis under an alkaline condition so as to produce 4-phenyl-1-butanol. The process has the advantages of easiness, greenness, environment-friendliness, safety and low cost.

The invention relates to the field of renewable energy technology and environmental protection and particularly relates to a method for preparing alkane type biodiesel by using tung oil. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing a porous inorganic material as a carrier and preparing a catalyst through a stepwise impregnation method; introducing hydrogen to reduce and activate the catalyst; introducing gaseous tung oil to carry out a hydrocracking reaction with the hydrogen; and collecting the alkane type biodiesel generated after the hydrocracking reaction. The cetane number of the biodiesel prepared by the method provided by the invention is as high as 81-90 and is similar to that of a petroleum diesel component; the reaction process is environmental-friendly, thereby being suitable for industrial popularization and application; the preparation process is simple, the reaction procedures are simple and the conversion rate is higher than 85%; the highly unsaturated fatty acid of the tung oil limits the utilization of the tung oil serving as a biodiesel raw material, and a catalytic cracking method is adopted to carry out hydrogenation and cracking on the tung oil so that the tung oil is converted into high-quality biodiesel, thereby providing a foundation and reference for full use of tung oil resources.

The invention relates to a method for synthesizing 1-BOC-3-piperidone and relates to a chemical synthesis method of 1-BOC-3-piperidone, belonging to the technical field of medicines. The method comprises the following steps of: with 3-hydroxypyridine as a raw material, reducing the 3-hydroxypyridine, protecting piperidine cyclo-nitrogen BOC, and oxidizing oppenauer to prepare a crude product of the 1-BOC-3-piperidone; and then, carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain a fine product of the 1-BOC-3-piperidone. The invention provides the high-efficiency and low-pollution method for synthesizing the 1-BOC-3-piperidone; and the method is simple and convenient to operate, short in synthesis step, mild in condition, environment-friendly in reaction process, high in product yield, good in purity and suitable for industrial production.

The invention relates to a synthesis method for dinoprostone (prostaglandin PGE2), and in particular a method for converting prostaglandin F (for example, PGF2 alpha) to prostaglandin E (for example, PGE2). The method comprises the following steps of: oxidizing 11-site and 15-site hydroxy-protected prostaglandin PGF2 alpha to hydroxy-protected PGE2 by environment-friendly pyridine sulphur trioxide, and then hydrolyzing and de-protecting in citric acid aqueous solution to obtain PGE2. The method has the characteristics of being green and environment-friendly, safe to operate, convenient in after-treatment, short in production cycle, low in cost, and high in productivity and purity, as well as is suitable for industrialized production.

The invention discloses a diffusion dialysis membrane (anion-exchange membrane) for recycling acid, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The diffusion dialysis membrane consists of an organic phase and an inorganic phase, wherein the organic phase is polyving akohol (PVA) grafting epoxy group ammonium salt; the inorganic phase is alkoxy silane compound with amino; a content of water in the diffusion dialysis membrane is 196-267%; an ion-exchange capacity is 0.58-1.15mmol / g; an acid dialysis coefficient is 0.018-0.021m / h; a separation factor is 18.6-21; the acid dialysis coefficient and the separation factor are better than a commercial film DF-120. Since the epoxy group ammonium salt comprising the ion exchange group is directly introduced to obtain the ion-exchange capacity, the reaction conditions of the epoxy group, hydroxyl and amino are mild, therefore, the reaction process is simple and controllable; the utilization rate of raw materials is high; since all the reaction processes are carried out in water phase in the absence of the organic solvent; the reaction processes are green and environmentally friendly; the prepared diffusion dialysis membrane is high in heat stability and applicable to the acid recycling field.

The invention discloses a synthetic method for cordycepin. The method comprises the following steps: with adenosine as a starting material, subjecting adenosine and Mattock's bromide to bromination in a reaction solvent of acetonitrile and / or ethyl acetate during implementation of hydroxyl protection so as to obtain two products, i.e., 5'-[2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-one-2-yl]-3'-bromo-3'-deoxy-2'-O-acetyl adenosine and 5'-[2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-one-2-yl]-2'-bromo-2'-deoxy-3'-O-acetyl adenosine; then removing protective groups so as to obtain 3'-bromo-3'-deoxy-adenosine hydrochloride; and subjecting 3'-bromo-3'-deoxy-adenosine hydrochloride to debromination so as to obtain 3'-deoxyadenosine, i.e., cordycepin. The synthetic method provided by the invention is simple to operate, has short reaction steps and does not need purification in the process of reaction; and the purity and each index of the obtained cordycepin product are better than a currently commercially available cordycepin product.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon nanosphere with a hierarchical pore high graphitization degree. The method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly stirring and mixing glucose and other biologic materials, a nickel salt or a cobalt salt and an anionic surfactant in distilled water, adding the mixture into a hydrothermal reactor, and heating and maintaining the temperature for a certain time; (2) adding the obtained amorphous carbon material into a heating furnace in nitrogen protection, and heating and maintaining the temperature for a certain time; and (3) cleaning the obtained carbon material with dilute acid, and finally cleaning with distilled water and drying, thereby obtaining the finished product. The carbon sphere prepared by the method disclosed by the invention is low in cost, readily available, adjustable in diameter, high in porosity, adjustable in quantity and size of pores, high in graphitization degree and high in conductivity.

The invention provides a method for preparing a high-entropy oxide material (MAlFeCuMg)3O4 by a hydrothermal method, which comprises the following steps of: respectively dissolving cobalt nitrate / chromic nitrate, aluminum nitrate, copper nitrate, ferric nitrate and magnesium nitrate in ultrapure water according to equal moles, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution of metal salt; adding a precipitant into the mixed solution of metal salts, uniformly stirring, transferring into a stainless steel high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, carrying out a hydrothermal reaction, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, carrying out reduced pressure filtration, ultrapure water washing, suction filtration, separation, precipitation and drying on the reaction liquid, and crystallizing the obtained solid powder to obtain the high-entropy oxide (MAlFeCuMg)3O4, wherein M is Co or Cr. The high-entropy oxide is of a spinel structure, has high infrared emissivity at the wave band of 3-12 microns, and can be suitable for infrared heating. The metal salt is used as a raw material and is wide in source and low in cost; a hydrothermal method is adopted, it can be ensured that several metal elements are fully and evenly mixed, and the reaction conditions are mild and environmentally friendly.