53results about How to "Pore ​​structure high" patented technology

The invention discloses a cellulose composite microsphere, a preparation method thereof and application. The particle size of the cellulose composite microsphere is 1mum-1200mum, the specific surface area of the cellulose composite microsphere is 100m<2>/g-500m<2>/g, and the aperture of the cellulose composite microsphere is 200nm-900nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: preparing a mixture solution of cellulose and a composite material by using the cellulose as a matrix, a polymer material as composite material and a water solution of alkali/urea or alkali/thiourea as a solvent, and obtaining the cellulose composite microsphere through sol-gel phase transition and cross-linking agent cross linkage. The advantages of cellulose microsphere are reserved by the cellulose composite microsphere, and due to the adding of the composite material, new functional groups are simultaneously added for the surface of the microsphere and further decoration and modification are facilitated. An organic solvent used in the preparation method disclosed by the invention can be reused, the whole preparation technology is simple, low in time consuming, undemanding for equipment and convenient for industrial production, and the prepared cellulose composite microsphere has a good flow property and mechanical property and a wide application.

The invention relates to strong-hydrophobic porous carbon nanofiber and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of porous carbon fiber. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding thermosetting phenol resin and high molecular weight linear polymers into organic solvent with two proportions to be mixed until the thermosetting phenol resin and the high molecular weight linear polymers are fully dissolved, performing electrostatic spinning on the solution to form phenolic resin fiber, and carrying out curing and carbonizing to obtain the hydrophobic porous carbon nanofiber. The porous carbon nanofiber and the preparation method have the advantages as follows: the diameter, the pore structure and the hydrophobicity of the fiber can be adjusted and controlled through the change of the proportions of the solvent, the prepared carbon nanofiber has good flexibility, a developed pore structure and strong hydrophobicity, and is more conductive to practical application.

The invention provides a method for preparing tert-butyl peroxide by using a heterogeneous catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: by using tert-butyl alcohol and oxydol as raw materials and an acidic ion exchange resin as a catalyst, reacting under reflux, cooling, standing, and separating to obtain an oil phase and a water phase; and washing the oil phase with alkali and water to obtain a di-tert-butyl peroxide solution (DTBP), wherein the oil phase water washing solution and water phase are the tert-butyl hydroperoxide water solution (TBHP). Since the ion exchange resin has the advantages of large pore structure, high acidity and high catalysis efficiency and the large pore structure can not be destroyed in reaction, the catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction product and can be recycled repeatedly, thereby having higher economic value. Besides, no sulfuric acid or any other strong acid is used in the production process, so the method has the advantages of low corrosion to equipment and no environment pollution, and has higher environmental benefit.

The invention provides a membrane casting solution, an ultrafiltration membrane and a preparation method of the ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane casting solution includes: polyamide; a pore-forming additive; and a solvent, the relative molecular mass of the polyamide is 200000-300000. As a result, the viscosity of the membrane casting solution is more appropriate, and the membrane casting solution has almost no bubbles, and is conducive to film formation.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a catalyst for catalyzing ozonization and decomposition volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at normal temperature. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) loading nano rare earth oxide coating serving as an auxiliary agent on a catalyst carrier, coating an active component, namely nano perovskite, on the carrier, on which the rare earth oxide is loaded, calcining the catalyst carrier, on which the auxiliary agent and the active component are loaded, and forming a large amount of micropores in the surface of and inside the catalyst carrier to obtain a target catalyst with pores; and (2) fixing the prepared target catalyst on a catalytic bed layer of a catalytic oxidation tower, starting an ozone generator, introducing VOC waste gas subjected to pretreatment in the catalytic oxidation tower, and performing deep oxidation on the VOCs at normal temperature of -10 to 40 DEG C to generate non-toxic and odorless substances. By the method, the VOCs can be completely oxidized at room temperature to generate carbon dioxide and water, so the method is safe in operation and low in energy consumption.

The invention discloses a synthesis method for a gamma-aluminium oxide nanometer material. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: at room temperature, adding alum and carbamide into deionized water, cooling, centrifugating and washing the sediment after the hydrothermal reaction; calcining the dried hydrothermal products to obtain the gamma-aluminium oxide nanometer material. The gamma-aluminium oxide nanometer material prepared by adopting the synthesis method has a relatively high specific surface area and a certain pore structure. The invention further provides a method for prepare a nickel/gamma-aluminium oxide catalyst by adopting the gamma-aluminium oxide nanometer material obtained by adopting the synthesis method as the raw material. The method comprises the following steps: impregnating the gamma-aluminium oxide nanometer material into a nickel salt solution in the appropriate concentration, carrying out magnetic stirring till the solvent evaporates; collecting the dried impregnating products and grinding into powders, and carrying out heating reduction in the reducing atmosphere to obtain the nickel/gamma-aluminium oxide catalyst. The catalyst can be used for catalyzing the methane dry-process reforming reaction, has a relatively high methane conversion rate, and can still maintain excellent stability and carbon formation resistance in the long-term catalytic reaction under high temperature.

The invention relates to an iron-based catalyst for preparing low-carbon alkane as well as a preparation method and a using method of the iron-based catalyst for preparing the low-carbon alkane. The iron-based catalyst for preparing the low-carbon alkane is mainly used for solving the problems that the reaction of preparing low-carbon alkane from a synthesis gas in the prior art is low in CO conversion rate and low in low-carbon alkane selectivity, and the catalyst is poor in strength and thermal stability under a using condition. The problems are solved very well by adopting a technical scheme that the catalyst comprises the following components in parts by weight: a) 20-80 parts of an iron element or oxides thereof; b) 1-15 parts of a cobalt element and oxides thereof; c) 10-30 parts of at least one element selected from molybdenum and vanadium or oxides thereof; d) 5-20 parts of at least one element selected from magnesium and barium or oxides thereof; e) 5-20 parts of at least one element selected from tin and aluminum or oxides thereof; and f) 0.5-10 parts of a scandium element or oxides thereof. The catalyst can be used for industrial production of preparing low-carbon alkane from the synthesis gas by virtue of a one-step process.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an iron and cyclodextrin co-modified biochar composite material. According to the invention, beta-cyclodextrin and iron are introduced to the biochar surface to obtain the iron and beta-cyclodextrin co-modified biochar composite material. The material has good adsorption and catalytic degradation performance, and has adsorption and catalytic degradation performance on organic pollutants and heavy metals at the same time. The iron and beta-cyclodextrin co-modified biochar on the one hand enhances the water solubility of the material, and on the other hand increases the active sites of the material, thus greatly improving the adsorption and catalytic degradation performance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a boron-containing alumina carrier. The method comprises the following steps of: gelling the conventional aluminum hydroxide; adding into a stable boron-containing organic compound solution; aging, filtering, washing and drying to obtain dry boron-containing aluminum hydroxide gel; mixing and molding with an adhesive; and heating and performing gradual programmed heating and baking to obtain the boron-containing alumina carrier. Boron-containing alumina is a high-performance carrier component, which can be used for providing a large pore volume and a large specific surface area, has an appropriate pore structure and acidity, and is particularly suitable for a catalyst material needed by a heavy hydrocarbon catalytic processing process.

The invention relates to a sludge carbon-based solid acid as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the sludge carbon-based solid acid disclosed by the invention, rich organic matters and special structural properties of the sludge are fully utilized, the solid acid having strong acidity is prepared by virtue of concentrated sulfuric acid sulfonation by adopting two methods and is applied to a catalytic oleic acid esterification reaction, and under the optimal conditions, the high acid value oil conversion rate can reach 95% or higher. The method disclosed by the invention is huge in amount of needed raw material resources, simple in preparation process, mild in reaction conditions, low in process cost, low in energy consumption and suitable for further large-scale production, and can scientifically and reasonably solve the problems of sludge treatment and disposal and preparation of biodiesel by utilizing high acid value oil.

The high-strength utilization mode of the land in China accelerates the deterioration of a soil function, and soil pollution is very serious due to excessive application of chemical fertilizer and agricultural products. The crop yield declining and food safety incidents caused by soil degradation and soil pollution take place frequently and cause serious threats to people's health. The developmentof an eco-friendly, cheap and high-efficiency soil conditioner for improving soil fertility and reducing soil pollution is extremely urgent. The invention discloses a preparation method of a multifunctional soil improving agent. The preparation method comprises mixing waste biomass and a certain amount of attapulgite and modifying the mixture under specific conditions to obtain the multifunctional soil improving agent. The preparation method has simple processes. The multifunctional soil improving agent is renewable and eco-friendly, realizes a low cost, is rich in nutrients such as trace elements necessary for crop growth and can be used as organic fertilizer and a contaminated soil repairing agent.

The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to a preparation method of modified coal cinder and an application thereof. The composite acid solution is adopted to treat coal cinder, part of aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and the like in the coal cinder can be dissolved in the composite acid solution, the aluminum oxide and the magnesium oxide in the composite acid solution react with zircon powder and boron powder and then are solidified and adsorbed in a pore structure of the coal cinder, the sintering performance of the coal cinder is improved, and thesintering strength of the coal cinder is improved; then surface modification liquid is adopted for modification, so that the dispersing performance of coal cinder can be improved; then the reinforcing fibers and a coupling agent are blended for modification, the reinforcing fibers are grafted into the coal slag under the action of the coupling agent, and the frost resistance and corrosion resistance of the coal slag are improved. The strength, frost resistance, dispersity, sinterability and other properties of the coal cinder subjected to acid modification, surface modification and blending modification are obviously improved, and the coal cinder can be used for preparing water-permeable shale bricks. The prepared water-permeable shale brick has good water permeability, frost resistance and corrosion resistance, and is high in strength.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a biomass porous carbon material with a high specific surface area, and the method comprises the following steps: under the heating condition of inert atmosphere protection, preparing the biomass porous carbon material by taking sodium lignin sulfonate as a carbon precursor, taking anhydrous potassium carbonate as an activating agent and mixing with an N doping agent. The invention further discloses the biomass porous carbon material with the high specific surface area and application of the biomass porous carbon material to removal of chloramphenicol in a water body. Sodium lignin sulfonate which is low in cost, easy to obtain and stable in source is used as a raw material, the activating agent reacts with carbon to promote formation of pores, the N doping agent participates in the pore forming process, pore enlargement and pore structure increase in the carbon material are promoted, the specific surface area and the pore structure of the biomass porous carbon material are improved, and the adsorption quantity of pollutants is favorably improved; the preparation method is simple, high in efficiency, low in raw material cost and easy to popularize; the biomass porous carbon material disclosed by the invention has an excellent adsorption effect on chloramphenicol in a water body and is stable in adsorption performance.

The invention discloses diaphragm coating slurry capable of improving the safety performance of a lithium ion battery. The diaphragm coating slurry comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of an inorganic insulator, 0.2-3 parts of a dispersing agent, 3-5 parts of a binder, 0.1-2 parts of a surfactant and 50-80 parts of water. The invention also discloses a preparationmethod of the diaphragm coating slurry capable of improving the safety performance of the lithium ion battery, and the lithium ion battery diaphragm prepared from the diaphragm coating slurry. The coating formed by the diaphragm coating slurry on the surface of the diaphragm can effectively maintain the pore structure in the diaphragm after impact, and ensures that the battery has more uniform lithium ion flow in the charge-discharge process, thereby enhancing the safety performance of the lithium ion battery.

The invention provides an active modified soil fertilizer comprising the following components by weight: 3-8 parts of surfactant, 1-4 parts of probiotics, 2-10 parts of biological active enzyme, 1-5 parts of protein composition, 2-4 parts of mineral and 2-8 parts of seaweed. The probiotics are a combination of at least two of bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis, pichia pastoris, chromatium okenii and streptomyces verticillatus, and the effective viable count of each is 3*109-2.00*109/mL. The probiotics are added to facilitate circulation of nutrients, and the mixed bacteria not only promote each other, but also promote the absorption of minerals, protein substances and the other nutrients, and can generally improve the composition of soil microflora, enhance the crop rhizospheric microbial activity, enhance the capability to dissolve phosphorus and release potassium, effectively increase the content of effective N, P and K in the soil and improve the soil fertility. At the same time, biological active enzymes and seaweed are added to further increase the content of organic matters and improve the capability to resist pests and diseases.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a nano carbon material composite resin hard carbon electrode material. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a phenolic aldehyde mixed solution; adding a dispersed aqueous solution of a nano carbon material into the phenolic aldehyde mixed solution to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution; then adding an alkaline substance catalyst to obtain a reaction solution; heating the reaction solution at constant temperature in vacuum to obtain composite phenolic resin hydrogel; performing freeze drying on the composite phenolic resin hydrogel to obtain composite phenolic resin aerogel; crushing the composite phenolic resin aerogel, and carbonizing at low temperature to obtain composite resin carbon aerogel; performing high-temperature treatment on the composite resin carbon aerogel to obtain a composite resin hard carbon material; and uniformly mixing the composite resin hard carbon material, PTFE and ethanol to obtain the nano carbon material composite resin hard carbon electrode material. According to the invention, the phenolic resin source hard carbon is used as an active material main body, the production cost is low, and an aqueous reaction system is adopted, so that the method is environment-friendly and pollution-free.

The invention provides nitrogen-doped biochar which is simple in production process and low in green cost, and the nitrogen-doped biochar is applied to the process of improving the dark fermentation hydrogen production performance for the first time. The nitrogen-doped biochar material takes corncob powder and melamine as raw materials; the high-nitrogen-doped biochar material is finally obtainedthrough high-pressure and high-temperature cooking, activator dipping, nitrogen atmosphere carbonization, washing and drying, and the bottleneck that in the prior art, the nitrogen-doped biochar material preparation process is low in nitrogen content, high in cost and complex in process, and dark fermentation hydrogen production efficiency is low is overcome.

As economy grows and food safety incidents caused by soil contamination occur frequently, demand for culture substrates required by production of pollution-free green vegetables is increased day by day. At present, a soilless culture substrate mainly uses non-renewable resources such as vermiculite and perlite, so that development of a potential renewable culture substrate is particularly important; and untimely or improper processing of a large amount of waste biomass (livestock and poultry manure, straw and the like) in China causes serious environmental pollution. The process obtains the soilless culture substrate by mixing the waste biomass and a certain amount of quicklime, performing hydrothermal treatment under specific conditions, and performing solid-liquid centrifugation. The process provided by the invention adopts the waste biomass to prepare the soilless culture substrate, the preparation process is simple, and the costs are low; and the substrate is not only rich in nutrients such as microelements necessary for crop growth, but also can improve utilization efficiency of fertilizers by crops.

The invention discloses a purifying agent for oilfield sewage treatment and a preparation method of the purifying agent, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The purifying agent isprepared from the following components in parts by weight: 22-28 parts of modified expanded graphite, 5-8 parts of cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, 12-16 parts of zinc sulfate, 5.5-9 parts of a surfactant,3-5 parts of chitosan, 2.5-5 parts of methylacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 40-50 parts of water. According to the invention, through organic combination of all the materials, the sewage purifying agent is prepared under a synergistic effect of all the components, and the purifying agent has a large specific surface area, a large micropore volume, a developed microporous structure, high capability of adsorbing impurities such as heavy metal ions and suspended matter, and remarkable oil removal and decontamination effects. The removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) is larger than or equal to 96.6%, the removal rate of suspended solids is larger than or equal to 97.2%, the oil removal rate is larger than or equal to 98%, and the removal rate of the heavy metal ions islarger than or equal to 94.7%. Purified water is clear and transparent, and requirements for purification treatment of the oilfield sewage are met.

The invention provides a method for removing micro-plastics in water based on a graphene material, and belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution research. The method comprises the following steps: adding a magnetic porous graphene material into a sample containing the micro-plastics, stirring and mixing for 3-6 minutes, and then attracting and removing the magnetic porous grapheneby using a magnet. The invention also provides magnetic porous graphene and a preparation method thereof. The method increases the surface hydrophobicity of the magnetic porous graphene, and can increase the electronegativity of particles; according to the method, the alkali activation effect on graphene can be enhanced, adsorption sites on non-polar organic molecules are increased, and the adsorption capacity on micro-plastics is increased so that the removal rate of the micro-plastics is increased.

The invention discloses a nanometer rare earth catalyzed ozonation method for normal temperature digestion of volatile organic matters. The nanometer rare earth catalyzed ozonation method comprises: (1) loading a nanometer rare earth element coating adopted as an auxiliary agent on a catalyst carrier, coating nanometer spinel adopted as the active component of the catalyst on the obtained carrier, and finally calcining the catalyst carrier loading the auxiliary agent and the active component to form a large number of micro-pores on the surface and in the internal of the catalyst carrier so as to obtain a target catalyst with pores; and (2) fixing the prepared target catalyst on the catalytic bed layer of a catalytic oxidation tower, starting an ozone generator, introducing volatile organic matters into the catalytic oxidation tower, and carrying out deep oxidation on the volatile organic matters into non-toxic and odorless substances at a room temperature of -10-40 DEG C, wherein the volatile organic matters are pre-treated and acid gas, alkali gas and other dust and particles are removed from the volatile organic matters before the volatile organic matters are introduced into the catalytic oxidation tower. According to the present invention, with the method, the VOCs can be completely oxidized at the room temperature to produce carbon dioxide and water, such that the operation is safe, and the energy consumption is low.

The invention discloses a negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof. The negative electrode material comprises a three-dimensional porous framework and elemental silicon loaded on the three-dimensional porous framework; the three-dimensional porous framework is a composite framework containing metal and carbon; and the metal and the carbon in the three-dimensional porous framework both exist in an elemental form; and the metal is selected from any one or more materials from copper, iron, manganese, cobalt, tin, nickel, magnesium, titanium, aluminum and zinc. According to thenegative electrode material, the composite framework formed by the metal and carbon has excellent toughness and an ordered pore structure, and therefore, the volume effect of the silicon in the intercalation and deintercalation process of lithium ions can be buffered, the structural stability of the negative electrode material is enhanced, and the cycling stability of a negative electrode is improved; and the metal and carbon have excellent conductivity, and when the metal and carbon are compounded with the silicon, the electrochemical performance of the negative electrode material is effectively improved.