The invention provides a method for preparing a novel energy-saving heat-insulating material. The method comprises the following preparation steps: a. mixing bentonite, slag, fly ash, quartz sand anda common-salt aqueous solution, and carrying out uniform stirring, so as to obtain slurry I; b. mixing fibers, polystyrene foamed particles, water glass, redispersible latex powder, a foamer, a foam stabilizer and water, and carrying out a foaming reaction, so as to obtain slurry II; c. slowly stirring the slurry II, carrying out defoaming, then, carrying out filtering, and removing solid particles, so as to obtain slurry III; and d. mixing the slurry I and the slurry III, adding calcium carbide, a water reducing agent, titanium dioxide, chitosan and hollow glass beads, carrying out high-temperature pressurizing, carrying out high-speed stirring, then, injecting the mixture into a twin-screw extruder, carrying out melting and extruding, then, introducing the extruded substance into a mold,carrying out limited pressurizing, and carrying out curing, thereby obtaining the novel energy-saving heat-insulating material. The material prepared by the method is wide in source and low in cost,and the preparation method is easy in operation and is applicable to industrial large-scale production manufacturing.